Chapter 4, Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy
Section 401 Scope
401.2 Additional
design criteria. Add to read as shown.
401.2
Additional design criteria.
401.2.1 Scope. Add to read as shown.
401.2.1
Scope.
In addition to the provisions of this chapter, the following special
occupancies, standards, requirements and codes shall conform to the following
sections:
Section 449: Hospitals
Section 450: Nursing
homes
Section 451: Ambulatory
surgical centers
Section 452: Birthing
centers
Section 453: State
requirements for educational facilities
Section 454: Swimming
pools and bathing places
Section 455: Public
lodging establishments
Section 456: Public
food service establishments
Section 457: Mental
health programs
Section 458: Manufactured
buildings
Section 459: Boot
camps for children
Section 460: Mausoleums
and columbariums
Section 461: Transient
public lodging establishments
Section 462: Use
of asbestos in new public buildings or buildings newly constructed for lease to
government entities–prohibition
Section 463: Adult
day care
Section 464: Assisted
living facilities
Section 465: Control
of radiation hazards
Section 466: Day
care occupancies
Section 467:
Hospice Inpatient Facilities and Units and Hospice Residences.
Section 468: Schools,
Colleges and Universities
Chapter 30: Elevators
and conveying systems
Section 3109: Structures
seaward of a coastal construction control line
401.2.2 General. Add to read as shown.
401.2.2 General. Where in any specific case, Sections 449 through 468 specify different materials, methods of construction, design criteria or other requirements then found in this code, the requirements of Sections 449 through 468 shall be applicable.
401.2.3 Referenced standards. Add to read as shown.
401.2.3 Referenced standards. Further information concerning the requirements for licensing, maintenance, equipment or other items not related to design and construction may be obtained for all state codes, rules and standards from the State of Florida Bureau of Administrative Codes.
Section 402 Covered Mall and Open Mall Buildings
402.1 Applicability. Change to read as shown.
402.1 Applicability. The provisions of this section shall apply to buildings or structures defined herein as covered or open mall buildings not exceeding three floor levels at any point nor more than three stories above grade plane. Except as specifically required by this section, covered and open mall buildings shall meet applicable provisions of this code. Covered mall buildings shall be classified as Group M occupancies and may contain accessory uses consisting of Group A, B, D, E or R occupancies. Individual accessory uses within a covered mall building shall not exceed the sprinklered area limitation and shall not be located at a height greater than that permitted for such occupancy group in the type of construction being used. The aggregate area of all accessory uses within a covered mall building shall not exceed 25 percent of the gross leasable area.
Exceptions:
1. Foyers and lobbies of Groups B, R-1 and R-2 are not required to comply with this section.
2. Buildings need not comply with the provisions of this section where they totally comply with other applicable provisions of this code.
402.8.7 Service areas fronting on exit passageways. Change to read as shown.
402.8.7 Service areas
fronting on exit passageways.
Mechanical
rooms, electrical rooms, building service areas and service elevators are
permitted to open directly into exit passageways, provided the exit
passageway is separated from such rooms with not less than 1-hour fire
barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal
assemblies constructed in accordance with
Section 712, or both. The minimum fire protection rating of openings in
the fire barriers shall be 1 hour.
Such rooms or areas shall be protected by an approved supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903; however, the exception in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, that permit the omission of sprinklers from such rooms shall not be permitted.
Section 403 High-Rise
Buildings
403.1.1
Accessibility. Add to read
as shown.
403.1.1 Accessibility. For accessibility provisions related to Group
B and R occupancies, refer to the applicable
sections of the Florida Building Code, Accessibility. [CA4683]
403.2.2
Seismic considerations. Change to read
as shown.
403.2.2 Seismic considerations. Reserved.
403.4.5 Emergency responder
radio coverage. Change to read as shown.
[F] 403.4.5 Emergency responder radio coverage. Emergency responder radio coverage shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
403.4.7 Smoke removal. Change to read as follows:
403.4.7 Smoke control shall be provided
in accordance with Section 909.
Exception: I-2 occupancies that comply with Section 407, 419.3.7 and 420.3.17 shall not require smoke control systems in accordance with Section 909.
403.4.8.2 Standby
power loads. Change to read as
shown
[F] 403.4.8.2 Standby power loads. The following are classified as standby power loads:
1. Power and lighting for the fire command center required by Section 403.4.6;
2. Ventilation and automatic fire detection equipment for smokeproof enclosures; and
3. Standby power shall be provided for elevators in
accordance with Sections 1006.2.4, 3003, 3007
and 3008. Elevators.
[3735]
Section 404 Atriums
Revise 404.2 Use. Change to read as follows:
404.2
Use. The atrium floor area is permitted to be used for low and ordinary fire
hazard uses where the individual space is protected with an automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
404.3 Automatic sprinkler
protection. Change to read as shown.
404.3 Automatic sprinkler protection. An
approved automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout the entire building.
Exceptions: 1,2
Section 405
Underground Buildings
405.3 Automatic sprinkler system.
Replace to read as shown.
405.3
Limited access protection. Underground and limited access structures,
and all areas and floor levels traversed in traveling to the exit discharge,
shall be protected by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in
accordance with Section 903, unless such structures meet one of the following
criteria:
1. They have an occupant load of 50 or fewer persons
in new underground or limited access portions of the structure.
2. They have an occupant load of 100 or fewer
persons in existing underground or limited access portions of the structure.
3. The structure is a single-story underground or limited access structure that is permitted to have a single exit per this code, with a common path of travel not greater than 50 ft (15 m).
Section 406
Motor-Vehicle-Related Occupancies
406.4.1 Clear height. Change to read as shown.
406.4.1
Clear height. The clear height of each floor level in
vehicle and pedestrian traffic areas shall not be less than 7 feet (2134 mm).
Vehicle and pedestrian areas accommodating van-accessible parking shall be in accordance with the Florida
Building Code, Accessibility. comply
with Section 1106.5.
[CA4684]
406.6.2 Ventilation. Change to
read as shown.
406.6.2 Ventilation.
A mechanical ventilation system shall be provided in accordance with the
406.7 Motor fuel-dispensing facilities.
Change to read as shown.
406.7 Motor
fuel-dispensing facilities. Motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall comply with
the Florida Fire Prevention Code and Sections 406.7.1
through and
406.7.32.
406.7.3
Add text to read as shown.
406.7.3 Pumps or other dispensing devices installed above grade shall be mounted on a concrete foundation and protected against vehicle damage by mounting on a concrete island or other approved collision protection. Subsurface pumps shall be installed in accordance with approved standards.
406.8 Repair garages. Change
to read as shown.
406.8 Repair garages. Repair garages shall be constructed in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code and Sections 406.8.1 through 406.8.6. This occupancy shall not include motor fuel-dispensing facilities, as regulated in Section 406.7.
406.8.2 Ventilation. Change to read as shown.
406.8.2 Ventilation. Repair garages shall be mechanically ventilated in accordance with the
406.8.4 Heating equipment. Change to read as shown.
406.8.4 Heating equipment. Heating equipment shall be installed in accordance with the
Section 409 Motion
Picture Projection Rooms
409.3 Projection room and equipment ventilation. Change to read as shown.
409.3 Projection room and equipment
ventilation. Ventilation shall be provided in accordance
with the
Section 410 Stages,
Platforms and Technical Production Areas
410.3.6 Scenery. Change
to read as shown.
410.3.6 Scenery. Combustible materials used in sets and scenery shall meet the fire propagation performance criteria of NFPA 701, in accordance with Section 806 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Foam plastics and materials containing foam plastics shall comply with Section 2603 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Section 411 Special
Amusement Buildings
411.1 General. Replace with the following.
411.1
General. Special amusement buildings, regardless of occupant load,
shall meet the requirements for assembly occupancies in addition to the
requirements of Section 411.
Exception: Special amusement buildings that are multilevel play structures not more than 120 inches (3050 mm) in height and have aggregate horizontal projections not exceeding 160 square feet (15 m2).
411.3 Automatic fire detection.
Change to read as shown.
411.3 Automatic fire detection. Where the nature of the special amusement buildings is such that it operated in reduced lighting levels, special amusement buildings shall be equipped with an automatic fire detection system in accordance with Section 907.
411.4 Automatic sprinkler system. Change exception to read as shown.
411.4 Automatic sprinkler system. Special amusement buildings shall be equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Where the special amusement building is temporary, the sprinkler water supply shall be of an approved temporary means.
Exception: Automatic fire sprinklers are not required where special amusement buildings or structures do not exceed 120 inches (3050 mm) in height and do not exceed 160 square feet (15 m2) in aggregate horizontal projection.
Section 412
Aircraft-Related Occupancies
412.1
General. Change
to read as shown.
412.1
General. Aircraft-related occupancies shall comply with Sections 412.1
through 412.7 and the Florida
Fire Prevention Code.
412.3.5 Accessibility. Replace
to read as shown.
412.3.5
Accessibility. Accessibility shall be in accordance with the Florida
Building Code, Accessibility.
[CA4661]
412.4 Aircraft hangars.
Section 412.4.1 Exterior walls, revise text to
read as follows:
412.4.1 Exterior walls. Exterior
walls located less than 30 feet (9 144 mm) from property lines, lot lines or a public way
shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than 2 hours.
412.6.1 Occupancy group. Change
to read as shown.
412.6.1 Occupancy group. Aircraft paint hangars shall be classified as Group H-2. Aircraft paint hangars shall comply with the applicable requirements of this code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code for such occupancy.
412.6. 6 Ventilation. Change to read as shown.
412.6.6 Ventilation. Aircraft paint hangars shall be provided with
ventilation as required in the
Section 413
Combustible Storage
413.1 General. Change to read as
shown.
413.1 General. High-piled stock or rack storage in any
occupancy group shall comply with the
Section 414 Hazardous
Materials
414.1.1 Other provisions. Change
to read as shown.
414.1.1 Other
provisions. Buildings and structures
with an occupancy in Group H shall also comply with
the applicable provisions of Section 415 and the
414.1.2 Materials. Change
to read as shown.
414.1.2 Materials. The safe design of hazardous material
occupancies is material dependent. Individual material requirements are also
found in Sections 307 and 415, and in the
414.1.2.1 Aerosols. Change
to read as shown.
414.1.2.1 Aerosols. Level 2 and 3 aerosol products shall be
stored and displayed in accordance with the
414.2
Control areas. Change
to read as shown.
[F] 414.2 Control areas. Control areas shall comply with Sections 414.2.1 through 414.2.5 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 414.2.5 Hazardous material in Group M display and storage areas and in Group S storage areas. The aggregate quantity of nonflammable solid and nonflammable or noncombustible liquid hazardous materials permitted within a single control area of a Group M display and storage area, a Group S storage area or an outdoor control area is permitted to exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area specified in Tables 307.1(1) and 307.1(2) without classifying the building or use as a Group H occupancy, provided that the materials are displayed and stored in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code and quantities do not exceed the maximum allowable specified in Table 414.2.5(1).
In Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses, indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area as indicated in Table 414.2.5(2), provided that the materials are displayed and stored in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
The maximum quantity of aerosol products in Group M occupancy retail display areas, storage areas adjacent to retail display areas and retail storage areas shall be in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Table 414.2.5(1) Change to read as shown.
[F] TABLE 414.2.5(1)
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER INDOOR AND OUTDOOR CONTROL AREA IN GROUP M AND S
OCCUPANCIES NONFLAMMABLE SOLIDS AND NONFLAMMABLE AND NONCOMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS d,e,f
For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
a. Hazard categories are as specified in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
c. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent when stored in approved storage cabinets, in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code. When Note b also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
414.3 Ventilation. Change
to read as shown.
414.3 Ventilation. Rooms, areas or spaces of Group H in which
explosive, corrosive, combustible, flammable or highly toxic dusts, mists,
fumes, vapors or gases are or may be emitted due to the processing, use,
handling or storage of materials shall be mechanically ventilated as required
by the Florida Fire Prevention Code and the
Ducts conveying explosives or flammable vapors, fumes or dusts shall extend directly to the exterior of the building without entering other spaces. Exhaust ducts shall not extend into or through ducts and plenums.
Exception: Ducts conveying vapor or fumes having flammable constituents less than 25 percent of their lower flammable limit (LFL) are permitted to pass through other spaces.
Emissions generated at workstations
shall be confined to the area in which they are generated as specified in the Florida Fire Prevention Code and the
The
location of supply and exhaust openings shall be in accordance with the
A manual shutoff control for ventilation equipment required by this section shall be provided outside the room adjacent to the principal access door to the room. The switch shall be of the break-glass type and shall be labeled: VENTILATION SYSTEM EMERGENCY SHUTOFF.
414.5 Inside storage, dispensing and use. Change to read as shown.
414.5 Inside storage, dispensing and use. The inside storage, dispensing and use of
hazardous materials shall be in accordance with Sections 414.5.1 through 414.5.4
of this code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
414.5.1
Explosion control. Change
to read as shown.
414.5.1 Explosion control. Explosion control shall be provided in
accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code
as required by Table 414.5.1 where quantities of hazardous materials specified
in that table exceed the maximum allowable quantities in Table 307.7(1) or
where a structure, room or space is occupied for purposes involving explosion
hazards as required by Section 415 or the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Table 414.5.1 Change to read as shown.
[F] TABLE 414.5.1 EXPLOSION
CONTROL REQUIREMENTSa
b. See the
414.5.2 Monitor control equipment.
Change to read as shown.
414.5.2 Monitor
control equipment. Monitor control
equipment shall be provided where required by the
[F] 414.5.3 Standby or emergency power.
Change to read as shown.
[F]
414.5.3 Emergency or standby power. Where mechanical ventilation,
treatment systems, temperature control, alarm, detection or other electrically
operated systems are required by the Florida Fire Prevention Code
or this code, such systems shall be provided with an emergency or standby
power system in accordance with this code or Chapter 27 of the
Exceptions:
1. Emergency or standby power are not required for the following storage areas:
1.1 Mechanical ventilation for storage of Class IB and Class IC flammable and combustible liquids in closed containers not exceeding 6.5 gallons (25 L) capacity.
1.2 Storage areas for Class 1 and 2 oxidizers.
1.3 Storage areas for Class II, III, IV and V organic peroxides.
1.4 Storage, use and handling areas for asphyxiant, irritant and radioactive gases.
1.5 For storage, use and handling areas for highly
toxic or toxic materials, see Sections 3704.2.2.8 and 3704.3.4.2
of the Florida Fire Prevention Code
International Fire Code.
2. Standby power for mechanical ventilation, treatment systems
and temperature control systems shall not be required where an approved fail-safe
engineered system is installed.
414.5.4
Spill control, drainage and containment.
Change to read as shown.
414.5.4 Spill control, drainage and
containment. Rooms, buildings or
areas occupied for the storage of solid and liquid hazardous materials shall be
provided with a means to control spillage and to contain or drain off spillage
and fire protection water discharged in the storage area where required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code. The methods of spill control
shall be in accordance with the
414.6 Outdoor storage, dispensing and use. Change to read as shown.
414.6 Outdoor storage, dispensing and use. The outdoor storage, dispensing and use of hazardous materials shall be in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Section 415 Groups
H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4 and H-5
[F] 415.1 Scope.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.1 Scope. The provisions of this section shall apply to the storage and use of hazardous materials in excess of the maximum allowable quantities per control area listed in Section 307.1. Buildings and structures with an occupancy in Group H shall also comply with the applicable provisions of Section 414 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.5 Fire separation distance. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.5 Fire separation distance. Group H occupancies shall be located on property in accordance with the other provisions of this chapter. In Groups H-2 and H-3, not less than 25 percent of the perimeter wall of the occupancy shall be an exterior wall.
Exceptions:
1. Liquid use, dispensing and mixing rooms having a floor area of not more than 500 square feet (46.5 m2) need not be located on the outer perimeter of the building where they are in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code and NFPA 30.
2. Liquid storage rooms having a floor area of not more than 1,000 square feet (93 m2) need not be located on the outer perimeter where they are in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code and NFPA 30.
3. Spray paint booths that comply with the Florida Fire Prevention Code need not be located on the outer perimeter.
415.5.1
Group H occupancy minimum fire separation distance. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.5.1 Group H occupancy minimum fire separation distance. Regardless of any other provisions, buildings containing Group H occupancies shall be set back to the minimum fire separation distance as set forth in Items 1 through 4 below. Distances shall be measured from the walls enclosing the occupancy to lot lines, including those on a public way. Distances to assumed lot lines established for the purpose of determining exterior wall and opening protection are not to be used to establish the minimum fire separation distance for buildings on sites where explosives are manufactured or used when separation is provided in accordance with the quantity distance tables specified for explosive materials in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
415.5.1.1 Group H-1. H-1 occupancies shall be set
back not less than 75 feet (22 860 mm) and not less than required by the
Exceptions: Fireworks manufacturing buildings separated in accordance with NFPA1124 ….
415.5.1.2. Group H-2. H-2 occupancies shall be set back not less than 30 feet (9144 mm) where the area of the occupancy is greater than 1,000 square feet (93 m2) and it is not required to be located in a detached building.
415.5.1.3. Groups H-2 and H-3. H-2 and H-3 occupancies shall be set back not less 50 feet (15 240 mm) where a detached building is required (see Table 415.5.2).
415.5.1.4. Explosive materials. Group H-2 and H-3 occupancies containing materials with explosive characteristics shall be separated as required by the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Where separations are not specified, the distances required shall be as determined by a technical report issued in accordance with Section 414.1.3.
Table 415.5.2 Change table
number and footnote a to read as shown.
Table 415.5.2
Detached Building Required
a. For materials that are detonable, the distance to
other buildings or lot lines shall be in accordance with the Florida Fire
Prevention Code based on trinitrotoluene (TNT)
equivalence of the material. For materials classified as explosives, see the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
415.8
Group H-2. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.8 Group H-2. Occupancies in Group H-2 shall be constructed in accordance with Sections 415.8.1 through 415.8.4 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
415.8.1
Combustible dusts, grain processing and storage. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.8.1 Combustible dusts, grain processing and storage. The provisions of Sections 415.8.1.1 through 415.8.1.6 shall apply to buildings in which materials that produce combustible dusts are stored or handled. Buildings that store or handle combustible dusts shall comply with the applicable provisions of NFPA 61, NFPA 120, NFPA 484, NFPA 654, NFPA 655, NFPA 664 and NFPA 85, and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F]
415.8.1.4 Explosion control. Change to
read as shown.
[F] 415.8.1.4
Explosion control. Explosion control shall be provided as specified in the Florida Fire Prevention Code, or spaces shall be equipped
with the equivalent mechanical ventilation complying with the
[F]
415.8.2 Flammable and combustible liquids. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.8.2 Flammable and combustible liquids. The storage, handling, processing and transporting of flammable and combustible liquids in Groups H-2 and H-3 occupancies
shall be in accordance with Sections 415.6.2.1 through
415.6.2.10, the
[F]
415.8.2.3 Tanks. Change to read as
shown.
[F] 415.8.2.3 Tanks. Storage tanks shall be approved tanks conforming to the requirements of the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F]
415.8.2.4 Leakage containment. Change to
read as shown.
[F] 415.8.2.4 Leakage
containment. A liquid-tight containment area compatible with the stored
liquid shall be provided. The method of spill control, drainage control and
secondary containment shall be in accordance with the
Exception: Rooms where only double-wall storage tanks conforming to Section 415.8.2.3 are used to store Class I, II and IIIA flammable and combustible liquids shall not be required to have a leakage containment area.
[F]
415.8.2.6 Tank vent. Change to read as
shown.
[F] 415.8.2.6 Tank vent. Storage tank vents for Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall terminate to the outdoor air in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.8.2.7 Room ventilation. Change to read as shown.
[F]
415.8.2.7 Room ventilation. Storage tank areas storing Class I, II
or IIIA liquids shall be provided with mechanical ventilation. The mechanical
ventilation system shall be in accordance with the
[F]
415.8.2.8 Explosion venting. Change to
read as shown.
[F] 415.8.2.8 Explosion venting. Where Class I liquids are being stored, explosion venting shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F]
415.8.3 Liquefied petroleum gas facilities.
Change to read as shown.
[F]
415.8.3 Liquefied petroleum gas facilities. The construction and
installation of liquefied petroleum gas facilities shall be in accordance with
the requirements of this code, the Florida Fire Prevention Code International Fire Code, the Florida Building
Code, Mechanical International Mechanical Code, the International Fuel Gas Code and NFPA 58.
[F] 415.8.4 Dry cleaning plants. Change to read as follows:
[F]
415.8.4 Dry cleaning plants. The construction and installation of dry
cleaning plants shall be in accordance with the requirements of this code, the International
Mechanical Code, the
International
Plumbing Code and NFPA32. Dry cleaning solvents and systems shall be
classified in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code International Fire Code.
[F]
415.9 Groups H-3 and H-4. Change to read
as shown.
[F] 415.9 Groups H-3 and H-4. Groups H-3 and H-4 shall be constructed in accordance with the applicable provisions of this code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.10 Group H-5.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10 Group H-5. In addition to the requirements set forth elsewhere in this code, Group H-5 shall comply with the provisions of Sections 415.10.1 through 415.10.11 and the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.10.1.7 Transporting hazardous
production materials to fabrication areas.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.1.7 Transporting hazardous production materials to fabrication areas. HPM shall be transported to fabrication areas through enclosed piping or tubing systems that comply with Section 415.10.6, through service corridors complying with Section 415.10.3, or in corridors as permitted in the exception to Section 415.10.2. The handling or transporting of HPM within service corridors shall comply with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.10.1.8 Electrical.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.1.8
Electrical. Electrical equipment and devices within the fabrication area
shall comply with Chapter 27 of the
[F] 415.10.4 Storage of hazardous production materials. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.4 Storage of hazardous production materials.
Storage of hazardous production materials (HPM) in fabrication areas shall be
within approved or listed storage cabinets or gas cabinets or within a
workstation. The storage of HPM in quantities greater than those listed in the Florida Fire Prevention Code shall be in liquid storage
rooms, HPM rooms or gas rooms as appropriate for the materials stored. The
storage of other hazardous materials shall be in accordance with other
applicable provisions of this code and the
[F] 415.10.7.2 Gas-detection system operation. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.7.2 Gas detection system operation. The continuous gas detection system shall be capable of monitoring the room, area or equipment in which the gas is located at or below all the following gas concentrations:
1. Immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) values when the monitoring point is within an exhausted enclosure, ventilated enclosure or gas cabinet.
2. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) levels when the monitoring point is in an area outside an exhausted enclosure, ventilated enclosure or gas cabinet.
3. For flammable gases, the monitoring detection threshold level shall be vapor concentrations in
excess of 25 percent of the lower flammable limit (LFL) when the monitoring is within or outside an exhausted enclosure, ventilated enclosure or gas cabinet.
4. Except as noted in this section, monitoring for highly
toxic and toxic gases shall also comply with the Florida Fire Prevention Code Chapter
37 of the International Fire Code.
415.10.9.3
Signals.
Change to read as shown.
415.10.9.3 Signals. The emergency control station shall receive signals from emergency equipment and alarm and detection systems. Such emergency equipment and alarm and detection systems shall include, but not be limited to, the following where such equipment or systems are required to be provided either in this chapter or elsewhere in this code:
1. Automatic fire sprinkler system alarm and monitoring systems.
2. Manual fire alarm systems.
3. Emergency alarm systems.
4. Continuous gas-detection systems.
5. Smoke detection systems.
6. Emergency power system.
7. Automatic detection and alarm systems for pyrophoric liquids and Class 3 water-reactive liquids required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
8. Exhaust ventilation flow alarm devices for pyrophoric liquids and Class 3 water-reactive liquids cabinet exhaust ventilation systems required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 415.10.10.1 Required electrical systems. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.10.1 Required electrical systems. Emergency power shall be provided for electrically operated equipment and connected control circuits for the following systems:
1. HPM exhaust ventilation systems.
2. HPM gas cabinet ventilation systems.
3. HPM exhausted enclosure ventilation systems.
4. HPM gas room ventilation systems.
5. HPM gas detection systems.
6. Emergency alarm systems.
7. Manual fire alarm systems.
8. Automatic sprinkler system monitoring and alarm systems.
9. Automatic alarm and detection systems for pyrophoric liquids and Class 3 water-reactive liquids required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
10. Flow alarm switches for pyrophoric liquids and Class 3 water-reactive liquids cabinet exhaust ventilation systems required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
11. Electrically operated systems required elsewhere in this code or in the Florida Fire Prevention Code applicable to the use, storage or handling of HPM.
[F] 415.10.11 Automatic sprinkler system protection in exhaust ducts
for HPM. Change to read as shown.
[F] 415.10.11Automatic sprinkler
system protection in exhaust ducts for HPM. An approved automatic sprinkler system shall
be provided in exhaust ducts conveying gases, vapors, fumes, mists or dusts
generated from HPM in accordance with Sections 415.10.11.1 through 415.10.11.3
and the
Section 416
Application of Flammable Finishes
[F] 416.1 General. Change to
read as shown.
[F] 416.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply to the construction, installation and use of buildings and structures, or parts thereof, for the spraying of flammable paints, varnishes and lacquers or other flammable materials or mixtures or compounds used for painting, varnishing, staining or similar purposes. Such construction and equipment shall comply with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
[F] 416.2.2 Ventilation. Change to read as shown.
[F] 416.2.2 Ventilation. Mechanical ventilation and interlocks with the spraying operation shall be in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Mechanical.
[F] 416.3 Spraying spaces.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 416.3 Spraying
spaces. Spraying spaces shall be ventilated with an exhaust system to
prevent the accumulation of flammable mist or vapors in accordance with the
[F]
416.4 Spray booths. Change to read as shown.
[F] 416.4 Spray booths. Spray booths shall be designed, constructed and operated in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Section 417 Drying Rooms
[F] 417.1 General. Change to read as shown.
[F] 417.1 General. A
drying room or dry kiln installed within a building shall be constructed
entirely of approved noncombustible materials or assemblies of such materials
regulated by the approved rules or as required in the general and specific
sections of this chapter for special occupancies and where applicable to the
general requirements of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical.
Section 419 Live/Work Units
419.7 Accessibility. Change to read as shown.
419.7 Accessibility. Accessibility shall be designed in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Accessibility, for the function served.
419.8 Ventilation. Change to read as shown.
419.8 Ventilation. The applicable ventilation requirements of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical, shall apply to each area within the live/work unit for the function within that space.
419.9 Plumbing facilities. Change to read as shown.
419.9 Plumbing facilities. The nonresidential area of the live/work unit shall be provided with minimum plumbing facilities as specified in the Florida Building Code, Plumbing, based on the function of the nonresidential area. Where the nonresidential area of the live/work unit is required to be accessible by the Florida Building Code, Accessibility, the plumbing fixtures specified by the Florida Building Code, Plumbing, shall be accessible.
Section
421. Hydrogen Cutoff Rooms
Section 421.1 General. Change to read as shown.
Section 421.1 General. Where required by the Florida Fire Prevention Code, hydrogen cutoff rooms shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Sections 421.1 through 421.8.
Section 421.5 Ventilation.
Change to read as shown.
[F]
421.5 Ventilation. Cutoff
rooms shall be provided with mechanical ventilation in accordance with the
applicable provisions for repair garages in Chapter 5 of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical.
Section 421.7 Explosion control.
Change to read as shown.
[F] 421.7 Explosion
control. Explosion control shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Sections
425 through 448. Add to read as follows as reserved for future
ICC section additions.
Sections 425 through 448. Reserved.
Section 449 Hospitals. Add
Section 449
HOSPITALS
449.1 Scope.
449.1.1 All newly licensed or newly constructed hospitals, all hospital outpatient facilities and hospital mobile and transportable units unless exempted by Chapter 395.0163, and all additions, alterations or renovations to an existing licensed hospital shall comply with all applicable requirements of this code and the minimum standards of design, construction and specified minimum essential utilities and facilities of this Section and shall have plans reviewed and construction surveyed by the state agency authorized to do so by Chapter 553.80 (1)(c), Florida Statutes to assure compliance with all applicable requirements of this code.
449.1.2 A change of ownership of an existing licensed
hospital or a change to an existing hospital’s license or functional use that
does not require new physical plant or design revisions or changes shall not
require compliance with this section. (4172
A1) [SP4822]
449.1.3 The Florida Building Code, Existing Buildings, Section 101.2 Scope exempts state licensed hospitals from compliance with that code. Any repair, alteration, change of occupancy, addition and relocation of an existing state licensed hospital shall comply with the applicable requirements of this code and this Section.
449.1.4 For project submission and fee requirements, and other administrative, licensure, and programmatic provisions for hospitals, see Agency for Health Care Administration [AHCA] Chapter 59A-3 Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) and Chapter 395, Florida Statutes.
449.1.5 For state licensure purposes, these codes and standards shall be applicable to the project on the effective date of this code at the time of preliminary plan approval by the Agency for Health Care Administration (the Agency) or at the first construction document review if there has been no previous preliminary plan approval for that project. [4172]
449.2 Additional codes and standards for the design and construction of
general, rehabilitative, and psychiatric hospitals, including Intensive
Residential Treatment Facilities (IRTF) for children and adolescents, and
unless exempted by Chapter 395.0163, Florida
Statutes, all hospital outpatient facilities and hospital mobile and
transportable units. In addition to
the minimum standards required Section 449 of this code, Chapter 59A-3
Florida Administrative Code, or by Chapter 395, Florida Statutes,
all new hospitals facilities and all additions, alterations or
renovations to an existing licensed hospital, as listed in Section 449.2 of
this code shall also be in compliance with the following codes and standards on
the effective date of this code as described in Section 449.1.5 of this code.
(4174with A1)
449.2.1 The fire codes described in Chapter 69A-53, Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Hospitals and Nursing Homes, Florida Administrative Code.
419.2.2 The Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities (The Guidelines), as reference in Chapter 35 of this code.
449.3 Additional physical plant requirements for general, rehabilitation,
and psychiatric hospitals, including Intensive Residential Treatment Facilities
(IRTF) for children and adolescents, and unless exempted by Chapter 395.0163, Florida Statutes, all hospital
outpatient facilities and hospital mobile and transportable units. In
addition to the codes and standards referenced in Section 449.2 of this code,
the following minimum standards of construction and specified minimum essential
facilities, shall apply to all new hospitals and all additions, alterations or
renovations to an existing licensed hospital, as described in Section 449.1 of
this code and listed in Section 449.3 of this code. (With A1) [4182]
449.3.1 Critical care units. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.) (4186 A27)
449.3.1.1 Sliding doors used for access to critical care rooms may be either manual or power operated and if located on an exit access corridor shall be smoke resistive and equipped with latching hardware.
449.3.2 Newborn intensive care units. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.2.1 General categories of neonatal services in the State of Florida are Level I, newborn nursery; Level II, intermediate care unit; and Level III, intensive care unit. Facilities which offer obstetrical services shall provide at a minimum a Level I newborn nursery or a holding nursery that shall meet the requirements of The Guidelines, and facilities that offer neonatal care for Level II and Level III neonatal services shall meet the requirements of The Guidelines for a newborn intensive care unit.
449.3.3 Mobile testing and treatment facilities. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.3.1 In addition to any other state of Florida required permits, mobile facilities shall be approved in advance by the Agency for Health Care Administration before they may be utilized for patient services.
449.3.3.2 The electrical systems in the mobile facility shall comply with the requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building, The Guidelines and with Section 449.3.11 of this code for the type of service to be provided
449.3.3.3 Electrical connection to the hospital electrical system shall be permitted only when the mobile facility complies with appropriate requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building.
449.3.3.4 When units provide critical care procedures, there shall be a “code blue” code call station in the unit connected to an attended location to summon assistance from the hospital emergency resuscitation response team.
449.3.3.5 The mechanical systems in the mobile facility shall comply with the requirements of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical, The Guidelines and with Section 449.3.6 of this code.
449.3.4 Architectural Details, Surfaces, and Furnishings. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.4.1 Each patient sleeping room shall be provided with a window that shall have a minimum 20-foot (6 m) unobstructed vista measured perpendicularly from the plane of the window.
449.3.4.2 Ceilings in rooms with ceiling-mounted surgical light fixtures and in kitchens shall be a minimum height of 9 feet (2.7 m).
449.3.4.3 Soap dispensers shall be provided at all hand washing facilities. If soap dishes are used, only fully recessed soap dishes shall be permitted in patient tubs or showers.
449.3.4.4 Toilet compartment partitions and urinal screens in the men's toilet rooms shall not be constructed of enameled steel.
449.3.4.5 All smoke barriers, horizontal exits and exit passageway partitions shall be constructed prior to the construction of intervening walls.
449.3.4.6 Smoke barriers shall be constructed so as to provide a continuous smoke-tight membrane from exterior wall to exterior wall and from the floor to the underside of the deck above. This includes interstitial space and the area above solid fire tested membranes.
449.3.4.7 Where it is not possible to inspect fire/smoke barriers because of the fire-tested membrane, fire-rated access panels shall be installed adjacent to each side of the smoke partitions at intervals not exceeding 30 feet (9 m) and in such locations as necessary to view all surfaces of the partition. Fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers or any other wall required to have fire rated protected openings shall be effectively and permanently identified with signs or stenciling. Such identification shall be above any decorative ceiling and in concealed spaces. Suggested wording for a fire/smoke partition is as follows: "FIRE AND SMOKE BARRIER - PROTECT ALL OPENINGS."
449.3.4.8 Where electrical conduits, cable trays, ducts and utility pipes pass through the smoke partition, the utilities shall be located so that access is maintained to adjacent wall surfaces and to all damper access panels. The details shall show the studs and reinforcing half studs so that proper support is provided for the wall surfacing material. There shall be a minimum clearance of 6 inches (152 mm) between all conduits, piping and duct work that are parallel or adjacent to all fire and fire/smoke rated walls to facilitate the inspection of these walls.
449.3.4.9 The use of pocket sliding or folding doors to patient use toilet, baths, or showers shall not be permitted. A sliding door equipped with sliding door hardware located on the patient room side of the wall and not equipped with a bottom door track shall be permitted.
449.3.5 Elevators where required. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.5.1 All elevators shall be in compliance with the requirements of Chapter 30 of the Florida Building Code, Building and Chapter 69A-47, Florida Administrative Code, "Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Elevators."
449.3.6 Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.6.1 Air-handling equipment shall be located in mechanical equipment rooms unless it serves only one room and it is located in that room.
449.3.6.2 All new hospital, outpatient surgery and
cardiac catheterization facility construction shall have completely ducted air
supply, return, outside air and exhaust systems. In a
hospital buildings with multiple uses, tenants or occupancies,
located on a separate floor or floors within the building, or located in a
medical office building, only the licensed health care areas where invasive
procedures, as defined by The Guidelines,
are performed shall be required to be served by separate ducted mechanical air
supply, return and exhaust systems.
449.3.6.3 In new construction, horizontal offsets of duct system risers penetrating more than one floor shall not be allowed.
449.3.6.4 Flexible duct work shall have a continuous metal inner liner encased by insulating material with an outer vapor jacket conforming to UL 181 unless the flexible duct meets the following criteria:
449.3.6.4.1 The duct conforms to UL Class 1 Air Duct, Standard 181 with minimum rated air velocity of 4,000 feet per minute, and is pressure rated for a minimum of 4-inches water gage positive pressure and 1-inch water gage negative pressure.
449.3.6.4.2 The inner core of the duct is constructed of Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) material encircling a steel helix bonded to the CPE.
449.3.6.4.3 The duct has a fire-retardant metalized vapor barrier that is reinforced with crosshatched fiberglass scrim having a permanence of not greater than 0.05 perms when tested in accordance with ASTM E 96 Procedure A.
449.3.6.4.4 The duct has passed an impact test equal to the UL 181 standard, conducted by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) except it shall use a 25-pound weight dropped from a height of 10 feet. As a result of the test, the inner and outer surfaces of the sample shall not have ruptured, broken, torn, ripped, collapsed or separated in order for the duct to pass the test. In addition, the helix shall rebound to a cross-sectional elliptical area not less than 80 percent of the original test sample diameter. The use of flexible duct shall be limited to flexible air connector applications.
449.3.6.5 Variable air volume systems shall not be permitted for use in surgical departments, obstetrical departments, laboratories, isolation rooms and critical care units and rooms.
449.3.6.6 Filter housing frame blank-off panels shall be permanently attached to the frame, constructed of rigid materials and have sealing surfaces equal to or greater than the filter media installed in the filter frame. All joints between the blank-off panels, filter housing frames and filter support structure shall be caulked air tight.
449.3.7 Fan and damper control during fire alarm.
449.3.7.1 During an automatic fire alarm activation or the activation of a duct smoke detector, fan systems and fan equipment serving more than one room shall be stopped to prevent the movement of smoke by mechanical means from the zone in alarm to adjacent smoke zones. (4440)
449.3.7.2 Fan control shall be designed so as to minimize the interruption of heating, ventilating and air conditioning in compartments remote from the compartment in alarm.
449.3.7.3 Fan control shall not interfere with the continuous operation of exhaust systems conveying ethylene oxide or other hazardous chemicals and fumes or systems required to operate continuously for the health and safety of occupants. Such systems shall include fume hood exhaust deemed by the governing body of the hospital to present a hazard to occupants if exhaust airflow is stopped. Air-handling systems shall be designed to allow for continuous operation of all such systems and to minimize movement of smoke by mechanical means from the zone in alarm.
449.3.8 Carbon monoxide detector. (See Section 916.1 of this code).
449.3.9 Plumbing. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.9.1 All plumbing systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
449.3.10 Fire pump. Where required in new construction, fire pumps and ancillary equipment shall be separated from other functions by construction having a 2-hour fire-resistance rating.
449.3.10.1 The fire pump normal service disconnect shall be rated to hold locked rotor current indefinitely. If the approved normal service disconnect is located on the exterior, it shall be supervised by connection to the fire pump remote annunciator and shall provide a separate fire alarm system trouble indication.
449.3.10.2 When the fire pump is placed on the emergency system in addition to the normal supply, the emergency feeder protective device shall be sized in accordance with maximum rating or settings of Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
449.3.10.3 The fire pump transfer switch may be either manual or automatic. If located on the line side of the controller as a separate unit, the switch must be rated for the pump motor locked rotor current indefinitely and must be located in the pump room.
449.3.10.4 Combination fire pump controller and transfer switch units listed by the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., as prescribed by Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building are acceptable when the transfer switch has exposable and replaceable contacts, not circuit breaker types, rated for the available short-circuit current.
449.3.10.5 The fire pump shall be installed in a readily accessible location. When it is located on the grade level floor, there shall be direct access from the exterior.
449.3.11 Electrical requirements. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.11.1 All material, including equipment, conductors, controls, and signaling devices, shall be installed to provide a complete electrical system with the necessary characteristics and capacity to supply the electrical facility requirements as shown in the specifications and as indicated on the plans.
449.3.11.2 All materials and equipment shall be factory listed as complying with applicable standards of Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. or other similarly established standards of a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) that has been certified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for that referenced standard.
449.3.11.3 Field labeling of equipment and materials shall be permitted only when provided by a nationally recognized testing laboratory that has been certified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for that referenced standard.
449.3.11.4 Nonmetallic sheathed cable or similar systems are not permitted for power and lighting wiring in any facility.
449.3.11.5 Panel boards located in spaces subject to storage shall have the clear working space per Chapter 27, Florida Building Code, Building. "ELECTRICAL ACCESS - NOT FOR STORAGE" shall be permanently marked on the floor and wall about the panel. Panel boards shall not be located in an exit access corridor or in an unenclosed space or area that is open to an exit access corridor. Panel boards may be located inside of a room or closet that opens into an exit access corridor only when the room or closet is separated from the exit access corridor by a partition and door that comply with this code.
449.3.11.6 There shall be documentation for equipotential grounding in all patient care areas, building service ground electrode systems, lightning protection ground terminals and special systems such as fire alarm, nurse call, paging, generator, emergency power, fault analysis and breaker coordination.
449.3.11.7 All spaces occupied by people, machinery and equipment within buildings and approaches to buildings shall have electric lighting.
449.3.11.8 Operating rooms and delivery rooms shall have general lighting for the room in addition to local high intensity, specialized lighting provided by special fixtures at the surgical and obstetrical tables. Each special lighting unit for local lighting at the tables shall be connected to an independent circuit and shall be powered from the critical branch. A minimum of one general purpose lighting fixture shall be powered from a normal circuit in an operating room, delivery or similar room.
449.3.11.9 There shall be a maximum of six duplex receptacles on a circuit in general patient care areas.
449.3.11.10 The circuitry of all receptacles required by The Guidelines in critical care areas, in all emergency treatment rooms or areas, and other areas including, angiographic laboratories, cardiac catheterization laboratories, coronary care units, hemodialysis rooms or areas, human physiology laboratories, intensive care units and postoperative recovery rooms, shall be provided as follows:
449.3.11.10.1 All electrical receptacles at the head of the bed shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system, except two of the required number shall be connected to a normal power circuit or to a critical branch circuit from a different transfer switch.
449.3.11.10.2 There shall be no more than two duplex or four single receptacles per circuit.
449.3.11.11 All receptacles shall have engraved cover plates to indicate the panel board and circuit numbers powering the device.
449.3.11.12 Branch circuit over-current devices shall be readily accessible to nursing staff and other authorized personnel.
449.3.11.13 The electrical system shall have coordinated short circuit protection.
449.3.11.14 Provide color coding for the junction boxes for the branches of the essential electrical system. (G2)
449.3.12 Fire alarm systems. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.12.1 A fire alarm annunciator panel shall be provided at a 24-hour monitored location. The panel shall indicate the zone of actuation of the alarm, and there shall be a trouble signal indicator. Each smoke compartment shall be annunciated as a separate fire alarm zone. A fire alarm system zone shall not include rooms or spaces in other smoke compartments and shall be limited to a maximum area of 22,500 square feet (2090 m2).
449.3.13 Nurse call system. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.13.1 A nurse call system shall be provided that will register a call from each patient bed to the nurse station and activate a visual signal at the patient room door and activate a visual and audible signal in the clean workroom, the soiled workroom, the nourishment station and the master station of the nursing unit. In multicorridor nursing units, additional visible signals shall be installed at corridor intersections in the vicinity of nurse stations. In rooms containing two or more calling stations, indicating lights shall be provided for each calling station.
449.3.13.2 Master staff and duty stations may include volume controls, provided the minimum setting provides audibility of 15 decibels above normal ambient noise levels where the station is located.
449.3.13.3 An emergency calling station of the pull cord type shall be provided and shall be conveniently located for patient use at each patient toilet, bath or shower room but not inside of the shower unless the nurse call device is listed for wet locations. The call signal shall be cancelled only at the emergency calling station. The emergency station shall activate distinctive audible and visual signals immediately.
449.3.13.4 An emergency resuscitation alarm (Code Blue) calling station shall be provided for staff use in each operating, delivery, recovery LDR, LDRP, emergency, cardiac and intensive nursing care rooms, nurseries and similar rooms.
449.3.13.5 A staff call stations, or similar device, shall be located within each psychiatric seclusion room and shall be of hands free operation.
449.3.13.6 The emergency resuscitative alarm panels (Code
Blue) that receives the code call station signal, shall be located as required
by The Guidelines and at other locations outside of the unit as
determined by the facility that are staffed 24 hours per day. Audible signals
may be silenced temporarily for a call provided subsequent calls automatically
reactivate the audible signal immediately. The alarm panel at the 24-hour
staffed station may indicate the nurse station/suite where the call originated
in lieu of identifying the bed only when a 24-hour station is not one and the
same as the attending nurse station. (4289, 4186 handout)
449.3.14 Emergency electric service. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
449.3.14.1 A Type 1 essential electrical system shall be provided in all hospitals as described in NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities. The emergency power for this system shall meet the requirements of a Level 1, Type 10, Class 48 generator as described in NFPA 110, Emergency Standby Power Systems.
449.3.14.2 In new construction, the normal main service equipment shall be separated from the emergency distribution equipment by locating it in a separate room. Transfer switches shall be considered emergency distribution equipment for this purpose.
449.3.14.3 Switches for critical branch lighting shall be totally separate from normal switching. The devices or cover plates shall be of a distinctive color. Critical branch switches may be adjacent to normal switches. Switches for life safety lighting are not permitted except as required for dusk-to-dawn automatic control of exterior lighting fixtures.
449.3.14.4 The generator remote annunciator shall be located at a designated 24 hour staffed location.
449.3.14.5 There shall be selected life safety lighting provided at a minimum of 1 footcandle (10 lux) and designed for automatic dusk-to-dawn operation along the travel paths from the exits to the public way or to safe areas located a minimum of 30 feet (9.144 m) from the building.
449.3.14.6 A minimum of one elevator per bank serving any patient use floor shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electric system and arranged for manual or automatic operation during loss of normal power.
449.3.14.7 If a day tank is provided, it shall be equipped with a dedicated low level fuel alarm and a manual pump. The alarm shall be located at the generator derangement panel.
449.3.14.8 Transfer switch contacts shall be of the open type and shall be accessible for inspection and replacement.
449.3.14.9 If required by the facility's emergency food plan, there shall be power connected to the equipment branch of the essential electrical system for kitchen refrigerators, freezers and range hood exhaust fans. Selected lighting within the kitchen and dry storage areas shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.
449.3.14.10 Outpatient surgery facilities, cardiac catherization facilities, or pain management facilities
that utilize I.V. drip sedation located in a separate building or on another
campus shall have a Type 1 essential electrical system in compliance with NFPA
99, Health Care Facilities. The emergency power for this system shall meet the
requirements of a Level 1, Type 10, Class 8 generator as described in NFPA 110,
Emergency Standby Power System.
449.3.15 Lightning protection.
449.3.15.1 A lightning protection system shall be provided for all new buildings and additions in accordance with NFPA 780, Installation of Lightning Protection Systems.
449.3.15.2 Where additions are constructed to existing buildings, the existing building's lightning protection system, if connected to the new lightning protection system, shall be inspected and brought into compliance with current standards.
449.3.15.3 A lightning protection system shall be installed on all buildings in which outpatient surgical procedures, cardiac catherization procedures, or pain management procedures that utilize I.V. drip sedation are provided.
449.3.15.4 There shall be surge protection for all normal and emergency electrical services.
449.3.15.5 Additional surge protection shall be provided for all low voltage and power connections to all electronic equipment in critical care areas and life safety systems and equipment such as fire alarm, nurse call and other critical systems. Protection shall be in accordance with appropriate IEEE Standards for the type of equipment protected.
449.3.15.6 All low-voltage system main or branch circuits entering or exiting the structure shall have surge suppressors installed for each pair of conductors and shall have visual indication for protector failure to the maximum extent feasible. (4186 A27)
449.4 Physical plant requirements for disaster
preparedness of new hospital construction.
449.4.1 Definitions. The following definitions shall apply specifically to all new facilities as used herein:
449.4.1.1 "New facility" means a hospital which has not received a Stage II Preliminary Plan approval from the Agency for Health Care Administration pursuant to this section.
449.4.1.2 "Net square footage" means the clear floor space of an area excluding cabinetry and other fixed furniture or equipment;
449.4.1.3 "During and immediately following" means a period of 72 hours following the loss of normal support utilities to the facility.
449.4.1.4 "Occupied patient area(s)" means the location of patients inside of the new facility or in the addition of a wing or floor to an existing facility during and immediately following a disaster. If these patients are to be relocated into an area of the existing facility during and immediately following a disaster, then for purposes of this code, that location will be defined as the "occupied patient area."
449.4.1.5 "Patient support area(s)" means the area(s) required to ensure the health, safety and well-being of patients during and immediately following a disaster, such as a nursing station, clean and soiled utility areas, food preparation area, and other areas as determined by the facility to be kept operational during and immediately following a disaster.
449.4.1.6 "On-site" means either in, immediately adjacent to, or on the campus of the facility, or addition of a wing or floor to an existing facility.
449.4.2 Disaster preparedness construction standards. The following construction standards are in addition to the physical plant requirements described in Sections 419.2 through 419.3. These minimum standards are intended to increase the ability of the facility to be structurally capable of serving as a shelter for patients, staff and the family of patients and staff and equipped to be self-supporting during and immediately following a disaster.
449.4.2.1 Space standards.
449.4.2.1.1 For planning purposes, each new facility shall provide a minimum of 30 net square feet (2.79 m2) per patient served in the occupied patient area(s). The number of patients to be served is to be determined by the facility administrator.
449.4.2.1.2 As determined by the facility, space for administrative and support activities shall be provided for use by facility staff to allow for care of patients in the occupied patient area(s).
449.4.2.1.3 As determined by the facility, space shall be provided for staff and family members of patients and staff.
449.4.2.2 Site standards.
449.4.2.2.1 Except as permitted by Section 1612 of this code, the lowest floor of all new facilities shall be elevated to the Base Flood Elevation as defined in Section 1612 of this code, plus 2 feet, or to the height of hurricane Category 3 (Saffir-Simpson scale) surge inundation elevation, as described by the Sea, Lake, and Overland Surge (SLOSH) from Hurricanes model developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Weather Service (NWS), whichever is higher.
449.4.2.2.2 For all existing facilities, the lowest floor elevations of all additions, and all patient support areas including food service, and all patient support utilities, including mechanical, and electrical (except fuel storage as noted in Section 449.4.2.9.3 of this code) for the additions shall be at or above the elevation of the existing building, if the existing building was designed and constructed to comply with either the site standards of section 449.4 of this code or local flood resistant requirements, in effect at the time of construction, whichever requires the higher elevation, unless otherwise permitted by Section 1612 of this code. If the existing building was constructed prior to the adoption of either the site standards of 449.4 of this code or local flood resistant requirements, then the addition and all patient support areas and utilities for the addition as described in this section shall either be designed and constructed to meet the requirements of Section 449.4.2.2.1 of this code or be designed and constructed to meet the dry flood proofing requirements of Section 1612 of this code. (4292handout)
449.4.2.2.3 Substantial improvement, as defined by Section 1612 of this code, to all existing facilities located within flood areas as defined in Section 1612 of this code or within a Category 3 surge inundation zone as described in Section 449.4.2.2.1 of this code, shall be designed and constructed in compliance with Section 1612 of this code.
449.4.2.2.4 Where an off-site public access route is available to the new facility at or above the base flood elevation, a minimum of one on-site emergency access route shall be provided that is located at the same elevation as the public access route. [4292, 3880]
449.4.2.2.5 New landscaping elements shall be located so if damaged
they will not block the on-site emergency access route to the facility. Outdoor
signs and their foundations shall be designed to meet the wind load criteria of
the Florida Building Code, Building.
449.4.2.2.6 New light standards and their foundations used for
lighting the on-site emergency access route shall be designed to meet the wind
load criteria of ASCE 7 with wind speeds determined from Figure 26.5-1B with
appropriate exposure category dependent on site location. [SP4662]
449.4.2.3 Structural standards. Wind load design of the building structure and exterior envelope including exterior wall systems shall be designed in accordance with the code.
449.4.2.4 Roofing standards.
449.4.2.4.1 Roofing membrane material shall resist the uplift forces specified in the code. Roof coverings shall be installed according to the specifications provided by the manufacturer.
449.4.2.4.2 Loose-laid ballasted roofs shall not be permitted.
449.4.2.4.3 All new roof appendages such as ducts, tanks, ventilators, receivers, dx condensing units and decorative mansard roofs and their attachment systems shall be structurally engineered to meet the wind load requirements of the applicable building code. All of these attachment systems shall be connected directly to the underlying roof structure or roof support structure.
449.4.2.5 Exterior unit standards.
449.4.2.5.1 All exterior window units, skylights, exterior louvers and exterior door units including vision panels and their anchoring systems shall be impact resistant or protected with an impact resistant covering meeting the requirements of the Testing Application Standards (TAS) 201, 202, and 203 of this code in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2 thru 1626.4 of this code. The impact resistant coverings may be either permanently attached or may be removable if stored on site of the facility.
449.4.2.5.2 The location or application of exterior impact protective systems shall not prevent required exit egress from the building.
449.4.2.5.3 When not being utilized to protect the windows, the permanently attached impact resistant coverings shall not reduce the percentage of the clear window opening below that required by this code for the patient room. [4358]
449.4.2.6 Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) standards.
449.4.2.6.1 All new air-moving equipment, dx condensing units, through-wall units and other HVAC equipment located outside of, partially outside of, or on the roof of the facility and providing service to the facility shall be permitted only when either of the following are met:
449.4.2.6.1.1 They are located inside a penthouse designed to meet the wind load requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building; or
449.4.2.6.1.2 Their fastening systems are designed to meet the wind load requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building and they and all associated equipment are protected as required by TAS 201,202, and 203 in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2 thru 1626.4 of this code from damage by horizontal impact by a separate and independent structure that allows access to all parts of the equipment at all times or
449.4.2.6.1.3 They are completely protected
by the equipment shrouding that meets the requirements of TAS 201, 202, and 203
in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2-1626.4 of this
code. [4277]
449.4.2.6.2 All occupied patient areas and patient support areas shall be supplied with sufficient HVAC as determined by the facility to ensure the health, safety and well-being of all patients and staff during and immediately following a disaster.
449.4.2.6.3 As determined by the facility these selected HVAC systems and their associated support equipment such as a control air compressor essential to the maintenance of the occupied patient and patient support area(s) shall receive their power from the emergency power supply system(s).
449.4.2.6.4
Ventilation air change rates in occupied patient areas shall be maintained as
specified in this section during and immediately following a disaster by
connection to the essential electrical system.
[4423]
449.4.2.6.5 Auxiliary equipment and specialties such as hydronic supply piping and pneumatic control piping shall be located, routed and protected in such a manner as determined by the facility to ensure the equipment receiving the services will not be interrupted.
449.4.2.7 Plumbing standards.
449.4.2.7.1 There shall be an independent on-site supply (i.e., water well) or on-site storage capability (i.e., empty water storage containers or bladders) of potable water at a minimum quantity of 3 gallons (14 L) per in-patient in the new facility or wing or floor addition to an existing facility per day during and immediately following a disaster. For planning purposes the number of in-patients shall be determined in writing by the facility. Hot water in boilers or tanks shall not be counted to meet this requirement.
449.4.2.7.2 There shall be an independent onsite supply or storage capability of potable water at a minimum quantity of 1 gallon (3.7 L) per facility staff, and other personnel in the new facility or wing or floor addition to an existing facility per day during and immediately following a disaster. For planning purposes, the number of these personnel shall be determined in writing by the facility. Hot water in boilers or tanks shall not be counted to meet this requirement.
449.4.2.7.3 The facility shall determine what amount of water will be sufficient to provide for patient services, and shall maintain an on-site supply or on-site storage of the determined amount.
449.4.2.7.4 When utilized to meet the minimum requirements of this rule, selected system appurtenances such as water pressure maintenance house pumps, and emergency water supply well pumps shall take power from the emergency power supply system(s).
449.4.2.8 Medical gas systems standards. The storage, distribution piping system and appurtenances serving the occupied patient area(s) and patient support area(s) shall be contained within a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of the code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
449.4.2.9 Emergency electrical generator and essential electrical
system standards.
449.4.2.9.1 There shall be an on-site Level 1 emergency electrical generator system designed to support the occupied patient area(s) and patient support area(s) with at least the following support services:
449.4.2.9.1.1 Ice-making equipment to produce ice for the patients served, or freezer storage equipment for the storage of ice for the patients served.
449.4.2.9.1.2 Refrigerator unit(s) and food service equipment if required by the emergency food plan.
449.4.2.9.1.3 At a minimum, there shall be one clothes washer and one clothes dryer for laundry service.
449.4.2.9.1.4 Selected HVAC systems as determined by the facility and other systems required by this code.
449.4.2.9.1.5 Electric lighting required to provide care and service to the patient occupied areas and the necessary patient support areas shall be connected to the essential electrical system. [4427]
449.4.2.9.2 The emergency generator system shall be fueled by a fuel supply stored on-site sized to fuel the generator for 100 percent load for 64 hours or 72 hours for actual demand load of the occupied patient area(s) and patient support area(s) and patient support utilities during and immediately following a disaster, whichever is greater.
449.4.2.9.3 The fuel supply shall either be located below ground or contained within a protected area that is designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of the code and debris impact requirements of Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4. If an underground system is utilized, it shall be designed so as to exclude the entrance of any foreign solids or liquids.
449.4.2.9.4 All fuel lines supporting the generator system(s) for the occupied patient area(s) and patient support area(s) shall be protected also with a method designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of the code and debris impact requirements of Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
449.4.2.9.5 All panel boards, transfer switches, disconnect switches, enclosed circuit breakers or emergency system raceway systems required to support the occupied patient area(s), patient support area(s) or support utilities shall be contained within a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of the code and debris impact requirements of Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4, and shall not rely on systems or devices outside of this protected area(s) for their reliability or continuation of service.
449.4.2.9.6 The emergency generator(s) shall be air or self-contained liquid cooled and it and other essential electrical equipment shall be installed in a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of the code and debris impact requirements of Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
449.4.2.9.7 If the facility does not have a permanent onsite optional stand-by generator to operate the normal branch electrical system, there shall be a permanently installed predesigned electrical service entry for the normal branch electrical system that will allow a quick connection to a temporary electrical generator. This quick connection shall be installed inside of a permanent metal enclosure rated for this purpose and may be located on the exterior of the building.
449.4.2.10 Fire protection standards.
449.4.2.10.1 If the facility requires fire sprinklers as part of its fire protection, either of the following shall be met:
449.4.2.10.1.1 On-site water storage capacity to continue sprinkler
coverage, in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 13, Sprinkler Systems, or
a fire watch, conducted in accordance with the requirements of Chapter
59A-3.081(a), Florida Administrative
Code.
449.4.2.10.2 If the facility provides a fire watch in lieu of water storage to continue sprinkler coverage, then one 4-A type fire extinguisher or equivalent shall be provided for every three or less 2-A fire extinguishers required by NFPA 10, Portable Extinguishers. These additional extinguishers shall be equally distributed throughout the area they are protecting.
449.4.2.11 External emergency communications standards. (Reference Chapter 59A-3.081 Florida Administrative Code for requirements.)
Section 450 Nursing
Homes. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 420
of the 2010 Florida Building Code,
Building.
SECTION 450
NURSING HOMES
450.1 Scope. All newly licensed or newly constructed nursing homes and all additions, alterations or renovations to an existing licensed nursing home shall comply with all applicable requirements of this code and the minimum standards of design, construction and specified minimum essential utilities and facilities of this Section and shall have plans reviewed and construction surveyed by the state agency authorized to do so by Chapter 553.80 (1)(c), Florida Statutes to assure compliance with all applicable requirements of this code.
450.1.1 A change of ownership of an existing licensed nursing home shall not require compliance with this Section.
450.1.2 A facility licensed as a nursing home that only admits children 0 years through 20 years of age shall meet these minimum standards as they are required by the functional program of the facility. This functional program shall be developed in accordance with the requirements of The Guidelines as referenced in section 420.2.2 of this code.
450.1.3 The Florida Building Code, Existing Buildings, Section 101.2 Scope exempts state licensed nursing homes from compliance with that code. Any repair, alteration, change of occupancy, addition and relocation of an existing state licensed nursing home shall comply with the applicable requirements of this code and this Section.
450.1.4 For project submission and fee requirements, codes and standards for existing facilities, and other administrative, licensure, and programmatic provisions for nursing homes, see Agency for Health Care Administration [AHCA] Chapter 59A-4, Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) and Chapter 400 Part II, Florida Statutes.
450.1.5 For state licensure purposes, these codes and standards shall be applicable to the project on the effective date of this code at the time of preliminary plan approval by the Agency for Health Care Administration (the Agency) or at the first construction document review if there has been no previous preliminary plan approval for that project.
450.2 Additional codes and standards for the design and construction of nursing homes. In addition to the minimum design and construction standards required by Section 450 of this code, Chapter 59A-4, Minimum Standards for Nursing Homes, Florida Administrative Code or by Chapter 400 Part II, Florida Statutes, the following codes and standards shall also be met on the effective date of this code as described in Section 450.1.5 of this code:
450.2.1 The fire codes described in Chapter 69A-53, Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Hospitals and Nursing Homes, Florida Administrative Code.
450.2.2 The Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities (The Guidelines), Part 1 General and Part 6 Ventilation of Health Care Facilities as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code.
450.3 Additional physical plant requirements for nursing homes. In addition to the codes and standards referenced in Section 450.2 of the this code, the following minimum standards of construction and specified minimum essential facilities, shall apply to all new nursing homes, and all additions, alterations or renovations to an existing licensed nursing home, as described in Section 450.1 of this code and listed in Section 450.3 of the this code. [4156- A4]
450.3.1 Alternate design models. Because nursing homes may provide care utilizing two basic organizational models, two alternate design models are permitted to meet some of specific physical plant requirements of this Section. These alternate design models, the institutional design model and the household design model for person centered care, are described in Sections 450.3.2.1 and 450.3.2.2 of this code and are further defined by the physical plant requirements for each model as described in the applicable paragraphs of Section 450.3 of this code.
450.3.1.1 Either one or both of these design models may be used in the design of the nursing home as described by the functional program of the facility.
450.3.1.2 An institutional design model may utilize specific physical plant requirements of a household design model without being required to incorporate all of the household design elements.
450.3.1.3 Where no alternate design
model is permitted, all nursing homes shall meet the described requirement.
450.3.2 Resident unit. Each resident unit shall consist of the resident rooms and support areas, and shall be arranged to avoid unnecessary and unrelated travel through the unit. It shall be designed to meet the organizational patterns of staffing, functional operations, and care programs as described in the functional program of the facility. Based on these aspects of the functional program, the resident unit may be designed to meet one of the following models:
450.3.2.1 Institutional design model. This model is based on an institutionalized medical program similar in arrangement to that found in some hospitals. If this model is utilized for the design of the resident unit, it shall consist of the resident rooms, nurse station(s), and resident support areas and services as described in section 450.3.4.1 Dining, activity, and social areas may be centralized and located away from the resident unit.
450.3.2.1.1 Each resident unit shall be limited to a maximum of 60 beds.
450.3.2.1.2 Travel distance from the entrance to a nurses' station, and from a clean utility and a soiled utility room(s) or function(s) to the middle of the entrance door of the farthest resident room served shall be a maximum of 150 feet (45.72 m).
450.3.2.2 Household design model for person centered care. This model is based on a home like environment similar in arrangement to that found in a typical home. If this model is utilized for the design of the resident unit, it shall consist of the resident rooms and resident support areas and services as described in section 450.3.4.2. Dining, activity, and social areas shall be decentralized and included within the resident household.
450.3.2.2.1 Each resident household (unit) shall be limited to a maximum of 20 residents.
450.3.2.2.2 Two individual resident households (units) may be grouped into a distinct neighborhood with a maximum of 40 residents. This neighborhood, composed of the two resident households, may share the required resident support areas and services as described in Sections 450.3.4.2 of this code.
450.3.2.2.3 If an access corridor is utilized as part of this design, it shall be designed to include an open resident sitting and resting area(s) located along the corridor at least every 100 feet (30.48 m) of corridor length.
450.3.3 Resident rooms. Each resident room shall meet the following minimum standards:
450.3.3.1 In new construction and additions, the maximum room capacity of each resident room shall be two persons.
450.3.3.2 Nursing homes designed to serve only for children 0 through 20 years of age may have a maximum room capacity of four persons.
450.3.3.3 Where renovation work of an existing resident room alters the physical configuration of the room and the present capacity of the room is more than two persons, the maximum room capacity shall be no more than two persons at the conclusion of the renovation.
450.3.3.4 Each resident room shall have a minimum of 100 square feet (9.29 m2) of clear floor area per bed in a double occupancy resident room and 120 square feet (11.15 m2) of clear floor area in a single occupancy resident room, exclusive of the space consumed by the toilet room, closet(s), wardrobe(s), lavatory (ies), alcove(s), and either the space for the door swing(s) into the room or the space for entrance vestibule, whichever is greater. For the purpose of determining the minimum clear floor area, the entrance vestibule is defined as that floor area located between the room entrance door and the room floor area containing the resident bed(s).
450.3.3.5 Where renovation work is undertaken that alters the room configuration, every effort shall be made to meet these minimum space standards. When this is not possible due to existing physical conditions or constraints, and with the approval of the Agency, a resident room shall have no less than 80 square feet (7.43 m2) of clear floor area per bed in a double occupancy resident room and 100 square feet (9.29 m2) of clear floor area in a single occupancy resident room. Clear floor area is as described in section 450.3.3.4.
450.3.3.6 For planning purposes, a full-size bed is assumed to be 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 m) wide by 8 feet (2.43 m) long.
450.3.3.7 A 3 feet (0.91 m) wide clear access space to each bed shall be provided along at least 75 percent of the length of one side of the bed and shall be designed to allow access for the use of a wheelchair and other portable equipment.
450.3.3.8 For a bed equipped with a piped in medical gas headwall unit, there shall be a minimum of 3 feet clearance (0.91 m) along the entire length of the bed between both sides and foot of the bed and any other bed, wall or any other fixed obstruction.
450.3.3.9 The dimensions and arrangement of each resident room shall be such that at least two bed locations are designed to accommodate resident personal choice. All such alternate bed locations shall meet the clearance requirements of section 450.3.3.7 and shall be designed so the bed will not obstruct access to the supporting utilities serving the bed including the nurse call station, individual reading lamp or fixture, and the required electrical outlets that provide service for the bed or other equipment. In a double occupancy resident room, only one bed must meet this requirement and any bed equipped with a piped in medical gas headwall unit shall meet Section 450.3.3.8 and is exempt from this requirement.
450.3.3.10 The configuration of each resident room shall be designed to meet one of the following models:
450.3.3.10.1 Institutional design model. If a double occupancy resident room is designed where the beds are located side by side, there shall be a minimum clearance of 3 feet (0.91 m) between both sides of each bed and any wall or any other fixed furniture, fixed obstruction or adjacent bed for at least 75% of the length of the bed, and a clearance of 3 feet 8 inches (1.11 m) to any fixed furniture, fixed obstruction, or adjacent bed at the foot of each bed to permit the passage of equipment or beds.
450.3.3.10.1.1 At a minimum visual privacy shall be provided for each person by the installation of flame-retardant cubicle curtains or equivalent built-in devices.
450.3.3.10.1.2 The design for privacy shall not restrict resident access at any time to the room entrance, resident armchair, toilet or bathroom, wardrobe, or closet.
450.3.3.10.2 Household design model for person centered care: Individual resident sleeping areas in a double occupancy resident room shall be separated from each other by a full height wall or a permanently installed sliding or folding door or partition that provides visual privacy for each person.
450.3.3.10.2.1 Either doors or cubicle curtains to these individual resident sleeping areas shall be provided.
450.3.3.10.2.2 The design for privacy shall not restrict resident access at any time to the room entrance, resident armchair, toilet room, bathroom, window, wardrobe, or closet.
450.3.3.11 Each resident room shall be provided with a bedside table or equivalent furniture, a reading lamp, a well constructed appropriate bed, and a non-folding type armchair for each individual resident. As determined by the functional program of the facility, there shall be a number of over-bed tables available to bed restricted residents.
450.3.3.12 Each new resident room, and each individual resident sleeping area as described in Section 450.3.3.10.2, shall have an exterior window(s) to the outside that is physically accessible to each resident at all times and visible from the resident’s bed except when a cubicle curtain is closed. The window shall be sized with a clear opening of 8 percent of the gross square footage of the resident sleeping room or individual resident sleeping area as described in section 450.3.3.10.2. The clear opening of the window width and height shall have a minimum of 20 feet (6.10 m) unobstructed vista to any permanent structure, or equipment, and 15 feet (4.57 m) unobstructed vista to any vehicular driveway measured perpendicularly from the plane of the window.
450.3.3.13 A hand-washing facility complete with mixing faucet shall be provided within each resident toilet room and within each resident room that shares a toilet room with another resident room. Separate resident sleeping areas as described in Section 450.3.3.10.2 do not constitute a separate resident room.
450.3.3.14 Each resident shall have access to a toilet room without having to enter the general corridor area or another resident bed area in a double occupancy resident room. One toilet room shall serve no more than two residents and no more than two resident rooms. If required by the functional program of the facility, a plumbing connection for a bedpan-rinsing device shall be provided at the resident toilet within each resident toilet room.
450.3.3.15 The door to the toilet room shall be side hinged, and either swing out from the toilet room or be equipped with emergency release hardware. A sliding door equipped with sliding door hardware located on the resident room side of the wall and not equipped with a bottom door track shall be permitted. Unless otherwise required by this code, the door shall be at least 32 inches (813 mm) in clear width opening. The toilet room door that swings open into the resident room shall not impede the swing of any other door that opens into the resident room.
450.3.3.16 Each resident room shall be provided with a wardrobe or closet for each resident. Each wardrobe or closet shall have minimum inside dimensions of 1 foot 10 inches (0.55 m) in depth by 2 feet 6 inches (0.5 8 m) in width. Each wardrobe or closet shall be accessible to the resident at all times and shall have an adjustable shelf(s) and an adjustable clothes rod that is adjustable in a maximum of 4 inches (10.16 cm) increments from 4 feet (1.22 m) to 5 feet 8 inches (1.73 m) above finished floor or higher as wardrobe or closet size permits. When the wardrobe or closet is designed to meet the requirements for accessibility per the Florida Building Code, Accessibility, it shall include additional accessible storage area(s) for full-length garments. The shelf may be omitted if the clothing unit provides at least two drawers. Locked storage for a resident’s personal items shall be provided within the resident sleeping room if required by the functional program.
450.3.4 Resident support areas and services. The size and features of each resident support area will depend upon the number and type of residents served. The resident support areas shall be located inside of or readily accessible to each resident unit. The support areas and services shall be designed in accordance one of the following design models.
450.3.4.1 Institutional design model:
450.3.4.1.1 Staff work area(s) (nurse station). A central and/or decentralized staff work area(s) shall be provided. Where a centralized staff work model is utilized it shall have space for supervisory administrative work activities, charting, and storage. The minimum area required shall be equal to 2 square feet (0.19 m2) for each resident bed served. Where a decentralized staff work model is utilized it shall provide for charting or transmitting charted data and for any storage of administrative activities.
450.3.4.1.2 A clean utility or clean holding room for storage and distribution of clean supply materials shall be provided. If the room is used for preparing resident care items, it shall contain a work counter, a hand-washing facility, and storage facilities for clean and sterile supplies. If the room is used only for storage and holding as a part of a system for distribution of clean and sterile supply materials, the work counter and hand-washing facility requirements may be omitted. The minimum size of the room shall be 60 square feet (5.57 m2).
450.3.4.1.3 A clean linen storage room, closet or area shall be provided. This area may be located within the clean utility or clean holding room. It shall be large enough to accommodate the storage of linen carts. If in compliance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code a closed-cart system may be used and stored in an alcove open to the corridor
450.3.4.1.4 A soiled utility or soiled holding room(s) shall be provided. The soiled utility function shall be comprised of a flushing rim clinical service sink or deep bowl utility fixture with bedpan rinsing device, a double compartment sink, soiled linen receptacles, waste receptacles and a work counter with a usable minimum work surface area of 6 square feet (0.56 m2). The total minimum size of the function shall be 80 square feet (7.43 m2) and may be allocated among several soiled utility or soiled holding rooms. Rooms used only for the holding of soiled materials need contain only a hand washing facility.
450.3.4.1.5 Medication storage and distribution. A medicine preparation room or a self-contained medicine dispensing unit shall be provided for the provision of medication storage and distribution.
450.3.4.1.5.1 If a medicine preparation room is utilized, it shall be equipped with a lockable door, have a minimum area of 50 square feet (4.55 m2) and shall contain a refrigerator, locked storage for controlled drugs, a hand washing facility, and a work counter with a minimum of 6 square feet (0.56 m2) of work surface.
450.3.4.1.5.2 If a self-contained medicine dispensing unit is utilized, it shall be under the visual control of the staff and may be located at the nurses' station, in the clean utility room, in an alcove, or in other spaces convenient for staff control provided the area occupied by the unit does not encroach upon required minimum areas. The dispensing unit may be used in a medicine preparation room as locked storage for controlled drugs within the minimum area of 50 square feet (4.55 m2); however, the standard "cup sinks" provided in many self-contained units shall not be a substitute for the required hand-washing facility.
420.3.4.1.5.3 If there is no linen storage in the clean utility room, medicine preparation may be part of the clean utility room in which case an additional 20 square feet (1.8 m2) dedicated for this purpose shall be required. A refrigerator shall also be required if medicine preparation is included in this room.
450.3.4.1.6 A nourishment room for serving nourishments between meals shall be provided that shall contain a work counter, refrigerator, storage cabinets, and sink.
450.3.4.1.6.1 Ice for residents' consumption shall be provided by an icemaker unit that may serve more than one nourishment station if the nourishment stations are in close proximity to each other. Where the icemaker unit is accessible to residents or the public, it shall be a self-dispensing type.
450.3.4.1.6.2 The nourishment room shall include space for trays and dishes used for nonscheduled meal service. Hand-washing facilities shall be in or immediately accessible from the nourishment room.
450.3.4.2 Household design model for person centered care:
450.3.4.2.1 The functions of administrative work, charting and storage may be located among several separate direct care staff work areas located within the resident household. The administrative work area(s) shall be designed and located so it is not visually or physically separated from the normal use areas of residents and family members.
450.3.4.2.2 A clean utility or clean holding room as described in section 450.3.4.1.2 shall be provided but may be sized in accordance with the functional program and allocated among several rooms or closets within the resident household.
450.3.4.2.3 A clean linen storage room, closet or area shall be provided in accordance with section 450.3.4.1.3 and shall be located within the resident household.
450.3.4.2.4 A soiled utility or soiled holding room as described in section 450.3.4.1.4 shall be provided but may be sized in accordance with the functional program and allocated among several rooms or closets within the resident household.
450.3.4.2.5 A medicine preparation room or a self-contained medicine dispensing unit as described in section 450.3.4.1.5 shall be provided. Non-controlled prescription drugs may be stored inside the resident’s sleeping room, area, or toilet room if they are secured inside of an automatic closing and automatic locking dispensing unit that is secured in place.
450.3.4.2.6 A nourishment room as described in section 450.3.4.1.6 shall be provided but resident dietary facilities as described in section 450.3.8.1.13 may substitute for this function.
450.3.4.3The following resident support areas, utilities, or services shall be provided in all nursing homes. Unless specifically required, these support areas may be either within the nursing unit, adjacent to the nursing unit or on the same floor as the nursing unit.
450.3.4.3.1 An equipment storage room(s) shall be provided for storage of nursing unit equipment. The minimum area required shall be equal to 2 square feet (.19 m2) for each resident, with no room being less than 20 square feet (1.86 m2) in area.
450.3.4.3.2 A housekeeping room(s) shall be provided for storage and use of housekeeping supplies and equipment.
450.3.4.3.3 If required by the functional program of the facility, a hot water or chemical type sanitizer shall be provided per facility.
450.3.4.3.4 Storage alcove space for a wheelchair(s) shall be provided in an area located out of the required means of exit egress.
450.3.4.3.5 Resident bathing facilities.
450.3.4.3.5.1 A centralized resident bathing room(s) shall be provided with a minimum of one bathtub, hydro tub, or shower for every 20 residents or fraction thereof not otherwise served by bath or shower facilities connected directly to the resident rooms
450.3.4.3.5.2 A separate private toilet room shall be provided that is directly accessible to each central bathing area with multiple bathing fixtures without requiring entry into the general corridor. This toilet may also serve as a toilet training facility.
450.3.4.3.5.3 All showers located in bathing rooms connected directly to the resident rooms shall be designed so that a shower chair can be easily rolled in and out of the shower area
450.3.4.3.5.4 If the Institutional design model is utilized, in addition to bathing facilities connected to the resident rooms, residents shall have access to at least one bathing room per floor or unit sized to permit assisted bathing in a tub or shower. The bathtub in this room shall be accessible to residents in wheelchairs and if a shower is used it shall be large enough to accommodate a person in a recumbent position. Other tubs or showers located within the bathing room shall be located inside of individual rooms or curtained enclosures with space for private use of the bathing fixture, for drying and dressing and access to a grooming location containing a sink, mirror and counter or shelf.
450.3.4.3.5.5 If the household design model for person centered care is utilized, in addition to the bathing facilities connected to the resident rooms, residents within each household shall have access to at least one bathing room located in or directly adjacent to the household and sized to permit assisted bathing in a tub or shower. This bathing room may be shared between two households if it is located so that it is directly adjacent to each household. The bathtub in this room shall be accessible to residents in wheelchairs and if a shower is used it shall be large enough to accommodate a person in a recumbent position. Other tubs or showers located within the bathing room shall be located inside of individual rooms or curtained enclosures with space for private use of the bathing fixture, for drying and dressing and access to a grooming location containing a sink, mirror and counter or shelf.
450.3.5 Resident living, social, and treatment areas.
450.3.5.1 Dining, lounges, recreation areas, and social areas for residents shall be provided. The total area of these spaces shall be a minimum of 35 square feet (3.25 m2) per bed with a minimum total area of 225 square feet (20.90 m2). At least 20 square feet (1.86 m2) per resident shall be available for dining. Additional space may be required for resident day care programs. Storage for supplies and equipment shall be provided in the recreation area.
450.3.5.1.1 If the institutional design model is utilized, these areas may be grouped together and centrally located.
450.3.5.1.2 If a household design model for person centered care is utilized, these areas shall be decentralized and provided within each resident household or can be shared between a maximum of two households.
450.3.5.1.3 Storage for supplies, resident needs, and recreation shall be provided. This area shall be on site but not necessarily in the same building as the resident rooms, provided access is convenient. The minimum required area shall be 5 square feet (0.46 m2) per bed up to 600 square feet (55.74 m2).
450.3.5.2 Outdoor area(s) shall be provided for the use of all residents and shall include walking paths of durable materials, benches, shaded areas, and visual focusing element(s) such as landscaping, sculpture, or fountain(s). Security fencing if used shall be of a residential design and provide some visual connection to the exterior of the secured area. If an exterior visual connection is not possible or desirable than the interior of the outside area shall be landscaped to be visually interesting.
450.3.5.3 If required by the functional program of the facility, physical, speech, and occupational therapy units shall be provided and contain the following.
450.3.5.3.1 Space for files, records and administrative activities.
450.3.5.3.2 Provisions for storage of wheelchairs.
450.3.5.3.3 Storage for supplies and equipment.
450.3.5.3.4 Hand-washing facilities within the therapy unit.
450.3.5.3.5 Space and equipment for carrying out each of the types of therapy that the facility will provide.
450.3.5.3.6 Provisions for resident privacy.
450.3.5.3.7 Housekeeping rooms, in or near the unit.
450.3.5.3.8 Resident toilet room(s) usable by wheelchair residents.
450.3.5.4 A barber/beauty room shall be provided with facilities and equipment for resident hair care and grooming. The area of the room shall be a minimum of 120 square feet (11.15 m2) with the least dimension of 10 feet (3.05 m).
450.3.6 Staff support areas.
450.3.6.1 If required by the functional program of the facility, a staff lounge area(s) shall be provided. It may be shared by multiple resident units if the lounge is located so it is accessible without requiring the user to enter into or through any other resident unit.
450.3.6.2 A staff toilet room with hand-washing facilities shall be provided conveniently located to each resident unit.
450.3.6.3 Lockable closets, drawers or compartments shall be provided on the resident unit for staff and may be located in the lounge for safekeeping of staff personal effects.
450.3.6.4 A conference or consultation room for resident and family use shall be provided and may be shared between resident units.
450.3.7 Administrative and public area. Each administrative and public area shall meet the following standards:
450.3.7.1 A covered vehicular drop-off and pedestrian entrance that is located at grade level and that provides shelter from inclement weather shall be provided.
420.3.7.2 An administrative/lobby area shall be provided that shall include a counter or desk for reception and information, a public waiting area. This function may be located in a separate building on the campus of the facility. Public toilet facilities, public telephone and an electric drinking fountain for this area shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing. Residents shall have access to toilet facilities in public areas.
450.3.7.3 General offices shall be provided for business transactions, admissions, social services, private interviews, medical and financial records, and administrative and professional staff. Clerical files and staff office space shall be provided as needed. At a minimum there shall be a private office for the administrator and director of nursing.
450.3.7.4 At least one multipurpose room per nursing home facility shall be provided for conferences, meetings, and health education purposes, and shall include provisions for the use of visual aids. This room may be remotely located on the campus and shall have a minimum area of 120 square feet (11.15 m2).
450.3.7.5 Storage for office equipment and supplies shall be provided.
450.3.8 Facility support areas. Each facility support area shall meet the following standards.
450.3.8.1 Facility Dietary. A facility dietary area shall be provided for dietary service to residents and others as may be appropriate. No part of the kitchen area may be used as a pass through to the linen/laundry area. The facility dietary area shall contain the following facilities, in the size and number appropriate for the type of food service selected:
450.3.8.1.1 Storage space, including cold storage, for at least a seven-day supply of food shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.2 Food preparation facilities for cook to serve, cook to chill or a proprietary system of food preparation and adequate space and equipment for production shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.3 Employee dining and serving lines shall not be permitted in the dietary facilities area.
450.3.8.1.4 Hand-washing facilities shall be conveniently located in the food preparation area.
450.3.8.1.5 Facilities for assembly and distribution of resident meals shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.6 Ware washing space shall be located in a room or an alcove separate from the food preparation and serving area. Commercial-type ware washing equipment shall be provided. Space shall also be provided for receiving, scraping, sorting, and stacking soiled tableware and for transferring clean tableware to the use areas. Convenient hand washing facilities shall be available on the soiled dish side of the ware washing area.
450.3.8.1.7 Pot washing facilities shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.8 Storage areas and cleaning facilities for cans, carts, and mobile-tray conveyors shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.9 An office for the food service manager shall be provided.
450.3.8.1.10 A toilet, hand-washing facility and lockers for dietary staff shall be located within the dietary facilities area. A vestibule shall be provided between the toilet and the kitchen.
450.3.8.1.11 A housekeeping room located within the dietary facilities area shall be provided and shall include a service sink and storage space for housekeeping equipment and supplies.
450.3.8.1.12 An icemaker unit shall be provided and may be located in the food preparation area or in a separate room.
450.3.8.1.13 If the household design for person centered care model is utilized and if required by the functional program, a resident dietary area including cooking equipment, counter tops, kitchen sink, and storage areas shall be provided within the resident household for the use by staff, residents, and family. The cooking equipment shall be designed or secured in such a way to insure resident safety and shall meet all applicable fire safety codes. This dietary area may substitute for the nourishment requirement of section 450.3.4.2.5.
450.3.8.2 Facility laundry. A facility laundry area shall be provided that shall have provisions for the storing and processing of clean and soiled linen for appropriate resident care. Processing may be done within the facility, in a separate building on or off site, or in a commercial or shared laundry. Where soiled linen is processed as part of a facility laundry area, at a minimum, the following elements shall be included:
450.3.8.2.1 A separate room for receiving and holding soiled linen until ready for pickup or processing shall be provided. Discharge from soiled linen chutes may be received within this room or in a separate room. A hand-washing facility and a utility sink shall be provided.
450.3.8.2.2 A central, clean linen storage and issuing room(s), in addition to the linen storage required at the nursing units shall be provided.
450.3.8.2.3 Parking of clean and soiled linen carts in separate areas from each other and out of traffic shall be provided.
450.3.8.2.4 Hand-washing facilities in each area where untagged, soiled linen is handled shall be provided.
450.3.8.2.5 When linen is processed off site a service entrance protected from inclement weather for loading and unloading of linen shall be provided.
450.3.8.2.6 When linen is processed in a laundry facility located on site the following additional elements shall be provided:
450.3.8.2.6.1 A laundry processing room(s), separated by walls from other elements of the laundry, with commercial-type laundry equipment for washing and drying. Walls separating the functions of washing and drying are not required.
450.3.8.2.6.2 Storage for laundry supplies.
450.3.8.2.6.3 Arrangement of the laundry processes shall generally provide for an orderly workflow from dirty to clean to minimize cross traffic that might mix clean and soiled operations.
450.3.8.2.7 If the household design model for person centered care is utilized and if required by the functional program, resident laundry facilities including washing and drying equipment shall be provided for staff, family or individual resident use for the laundering only of a resident’s personal items. If these laundry facilities are provided, they shall be readily accessible from each resident household without requiring the user to enter another resident unit, or floor and may be shared between two resident households. These resident laundry facilities shall not have to meet the requirements of the facility laundry described in Section 450.3.8.2 and may utilize residential laundry equipment. Each resident laundry room or area shall contain a hand wash facility and if required by the functional program a single deep bowl utility sink.
450.3.9 Housekeeping rooms/janitor's closets.
450.3.9.1 Housekeeping rooms or janitor's closets shall be provided throughout the facility as required to maintain a clean and sanitary environment but not less than one housekeeping room/janitor's closet shall be provided for each floor in addition to the housekeeping room required in the facility dietary area. Each room has storage space for housekeeping equipment and supplies. A service sink shall be provided in at least one housekeeping room or janitor’s closet on each floor.
450.3.10 Engineering service and equipment areas.
450.3.10.1 Room(s) or separate building(s) for boilers, mechanical and electrical equipment shall be provided as required.
450.3.10.2 Room(s) for the storage of building maintenance supplies and solvents shall be provided. On site safe and secure storage for the facility drawings, records and manuals shall be provided.
450.3.10.3 A general maintenance area for repair and maintenance shall be provided as required.
450.3.10.4 Yard equipment and supply storage room, if provided, shall be located so that equipment may be moved directly to the exterior.
450.3.11 Details and finishes.
450.3.11.1 Potential hazards such as sharp corners, loose laid rugs or carpets, shall not be permitted.
450.3.11.2 Doors to all rooms containing bathtubs, showers, and water closets for resident use located in double occupancy rooms or are shared between two single occupancy rooms, shall be equipped with privacy hardware that permits emergency access without the use of keys. When such room has only one entrance and is equipped with a swing door, the door shall open outward, or be equipped with emergency release hardware. When emergency release hardware is utilized on a swing door located in a public area, it shall provide visual privacy for the resident and if required by other sections of this code, be smoke resistive.
450.3.11.3 Interior corridor doors, except those to small closets, janitor’s closets, electrical or mechanical rooms, housekeeping closets and other small rooms not subject to occupancy, shall not swing into the corridor. A door located on the exit access corridor, and required to swing outward, shall open into an alcove.
450.3.11.4 A sliding door equipped with sliding hardware located on the resident room side of the wall shall be permitted on an individual resident toilet or bathroom. If a sliding door is used on a resident toilet or bathroom, a D-shaped handle at least 4 inches (10.16 cm) long shall be provided to open the door.
450.3.11.5 Door thresholds except where required at exterior doors, and expansion joint covers shall be designed to facilitate use of wheelchairs and carts and to prevent tripping and shall provide a smooth and level transition from surface-to-surface.
450.3.11.6 All resident room windows shall have a minimum net glazed area of not less than 8 percent of the gross floor area of the room or bed area served. Operable windows are not required but if they are provided they shall be equipped with insect screens.
450.3.11.7 Handrails shall be provided on both sides of all corridors that are defined by walls and normally used by residents. Mounting height shall be between 36 inches (0.91m) and 42 inches (1.57 m). A clearance of 1½ inches (38 mm) shall be provided between the handrail and the wall. Handrails shall be designed without sharp corners, edges or hardware and shall permit easy grasping by the resident with a maximum diameter of 1.5 inches (38 mm). It shall be designed to provide a profile with a surface wide enough for the resident to be able to lean on the rail to rest. Rail ends shall return to the wall.
450.3.11.8 Grab bars, 1 ½ inches (38 mm) in
diameter, either permanent or flip down, shall be installed in all resident
showers, tubs, and baths and on any two sides of all resident use toilets.
Wall-mounted grab bars shall provide an 1 ½ inch (38 mm) clearance from walls
and shall sustain a concentrated load of 250 pounds (113.4 kg). Where flip down
grab bars are used, the toilet does not need to be located within 18” of an
adjacent wall, except as required by the Florida Building Code, Accessibility. Chapter 11 of this code.
450.3.11.9 Each resident hand-washing facility shall have a mirror unless prohibited by the nursing program. Mirror placement shall allow for convenient use by both wheelchair occupants and ambulatory persons. Tops and bottoms may be at levels usable by individuals either sitting or standing. Additional mirrors may be provided for wheelchair occupants, or one separate full-length mirror located in the resident room may be provided to meet the needs of wheelchair occupants.
450.3.11.10 Provisions for soap dispensing and hand drying shall be included at all hand washing facilities. Those in resident use areas shall be paper or cloth towels enclosed to protect against dust or soil and shall be single-unit dispensing.
450.3.11.11 Only recessed soap dishes shall be allowed in patient use tubs and showers unless the tubs and showers are of molded plastic type fixtures.
450.3.11.12 Towel bars shall be provided at each bathing facility.
450.3.11.13 All resident use plumbing fixtures and door operating hardware shall be equipped with lever type hardware for easy gripping and turning.
450.3.11.14 Toilet compartment partitions and urinal screens shall be constructed of product that do not rust, corrode or delaminate. [4156-A3]
450.3.11.15 The minimum ceiling height throughout the facility shall be 8 feet (2.44 m) above the finished floor with the following exceptions:
450.3.11.15.1 Steam boiler and hot water generator rooms shall have ceiling clearances of at least 2 feet 6 inches (0.76 m) above the main header and connecting pipe.
450.3.11.15.2 Ceilings in storage rooms, resident room entrance vestibules and toilet rooms shall be at least 7 feet 6 inches (2.33 m) above the finished floor.
450.3.11.15.3 Ceilings in normally unoccupied spaces and alcoves may be reduced to 7 feet (2.13 m) above the finished floor.
450.3.11.15.4 Ceilings in exit access corridors and exit passageways shall be a minimum of 8 feet (2.44 m) above the finished floor.
450.3.11.16 In addition to the electric drinking fountain in the administrative/lobby area in Section 450.3.7.2, a minimum of one electric drinking fountain shall be provided per resident floor unless drinking water is available from the resident dietary area.
450.3.11.17 Floor material shall be readily cleanable and appropriate for the location. Floor surfaces in resident-use areas shall be non-glossy to minimize glare. If composition floor tiles are used, the interstices shall be tight.
450.3.11.17.1 In residential care and sleeping areas, a base shall be provided at the floor line.
450.3.11.17.2 Floors in areas used for food preparation and assembly shall be water resistant. Floor surfaces, including tile joints, shall be resistant to food acids. In all areas subject to frequent wet-cleaning methods, floor materials shall not be physically affected by germicidal cleaning solutions.
450.3.11.17.3 Floors subject to traffic while wet, such as shower and bath areas, kitchens, and similar work areas, shall have a slip resistant surface and floor-to-base intersections shall be watertight.
450.3.11.17.4 Carpet and padding in resident areas shall be stretched tight, in good repair and free of loose edges or wrinkles that might create hazards or interfere with the operation of wheelchairs, walkers or wheeled carts.
450.3.11.18 Wall finishes shall be washable and, if near plumbing fixtures, shall be smooth and have a moisture-resistant finish. Finish, trim, walls, and floor constructions in dietary and food storage areas shall be free from rodent and insect harboring spaces.
450.3.11.18.1 Basic wall construction in areas not subject to conditioned air shall be constructed of masonry, cement plaster or moisture-resistant gypsum wallboard.
450.3.11.18.2 The finishes of all exposed ceilings and ceiling structures in the dietary facilities area shall be readily cleanable with routine housekeeping equipment.
450.3.11.18.3 Highly polished walls or wall finishes that create glare shall be avoided.
450.3.11.18.4 Wall coverings that promote the growth of mold and mildew shall be avoided on exterior walls or on walls that are located in normally wet locations.
450.3.11.19All smoke partitions, horizontal exits and exit passageway partitions shall be constructed prior to the construction of intervening walls.
450.3.11.20 Smoke barriers shall be constructed so as to provide a continuous smoke-tight membrane from exterior wall to exterior wall and from the floor to the underside of the deck above. This includes interstitial space and the area above solid fire-tested membranes. (4156 A5)
450.3.11.21 Where it is not possible to inspect fire/smoke barriers because of the fire-tested membrane, fire-rated access panels shall be installed adjacent to each side of the smoke barriers at intervals not exceeding 30 feet (9.00 m) and in such locations as necessary to view all surfaces of the partition. Fire walls, fire barriers, fire partitions, smoke barriers or any other wall required to have fire rated protected openings shall be effectively and permanently identified with signs or stenciling. Such identification shall be above any decorative ceiling and in concealed spaces. Suggested wording for a fire/smoke partition is as follows: "FIRE AND SMOKE BARRIER - PROTECT ALL OPENINGS." (4156 A5)
450.3.11.22 Where electrical conduits, cable trays, ducts and utility pipes pass through the smoke partition, the utilities shall be located so that access is maintained to adjacent wall surfaces and to all damper access panels. The details shall show the studs and reinforcing half studs so that proper support is provided for the wall surfacing material. There shall be a minimum clearance of 6 inches (152 mm) between all conduits, piping, and duct work at corridor walls to facilitate the inspection of these walls.
450.3.12 Elevators. (Where required)
450.3.12.1 All buildings having resident use areas on more than one floor shall have hospital-type electric or hydraulic elevator(s) that shall be in compliance with the requirements of Chapter 30 of this code and Chapter 69A-47, Florida Administrative Code, "Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Elevators."
450.3.12.2 In the absence of an engineered traffic study, the minimum number of elevators shall be as follows:
450.3.12.2.1 At least one elevator shall be installed where resident beds are located on any floor other than the main entrance floor.
450.3.12.2.2 When 60 to 200 resident beds are located on floors other than the main entrance floor, at least two elevators, one of which shall be of the hospital-type and capacity, shall be installed.
450.3.12.2.3 When 201 to 350 resident beds are located on floors other than main entrance floor, at least three elevators, two of which shall be of the hospital-type and capacity, shall be installed.
450.3.12.2.4 For facilities with more than 350 resident beds above the main entrance floor, the number of elevators shall be determined from a facility plan study and from the estimated vertical transportation requirements.
450.3.12.3 Cars of elevators shall have inside dimensions that accommodate a resident bed with attendants. Cars shall be at least 5 feet (1.52 m) wide by 7 feet 6 inches (2.29 m) deep. The car door shall have a clear opening of not less than 4 feet (1.22 m).
450.3.12.4 Elevator call buttons shall not be activated by heat or smoke. If employed, light beam door activators shall be used in combination with door-edge safety devices and shall be connected to a system of smoke detectors such that the light control feature will disengage or be overridden if it encounters smoke at any landing.
450.3.13 Water supply and sewage disposal.
450.3.13.1 An approved, accessible, adequate, safe and potable supply of water shall be provided. The water supply shall be accessible and available at all times for drinking, fire protection, culinary, bathing, cleaning and laundry purposes.
450.3.13.2 Hot water shall be supplied to all lavatory and sink plumbing fixtures available for use by residents and staff.
450.3.13.3 An approved, adequate and safe method of sewage collection, treatment and disposal shall be provided for each nursing home.
450.3.14 Heating, Ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. In addition to the basic HVAC system requirements as described by Part 6, ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 170-2008: Ventilation of Health Care Facilities of The Guidelines, the following specific elements are also required.
450.3.14.1 Mechanical equipment shall be defined as equipment utilized in air-conditioning, heating, ventilating systems and associated electrical, electronic and pneumatic components required for the mechanical equipment to provide the function intended by the application of the equipment. New and existing equipment replacements shall comply with these requirements.
450.3.14.2 Mechanical equipment shall be
installed exterior of the building, to include the roof, in a
designated equipment room(s), or in a space(s) located in an attic(s).(4156 A5)
450.3.14.3 If the unit serves only one room it may be located above the ceiling and shall be accessible through an access opening in accordance with this code. Access panels are not required for lay-in ceiling installations, provided the service functions are not obstructed by other above-ceiling construction, such as electrical conduits, piping, audio visual cabling and like equipment components or supports.
450.3.14.4 Ventilation shall be provided by mechanical means in all rooms in new facilities and in all renovated or remodeled rooms. The minimum air quantities and filtration efficiencies shall be met as set forth in Part 6 of The Guidelines and Table 4.1-1 Ventilation Requirements for Areas Affecting Resident Care in Nursing Homes of The Guidelines for those spaces that are listed. (4156 A5)
450.3.14.5 For spaces listed in the minimum ventilated rate table, central station type air-handling equipment shall be used. Package terminal air-conditioning units or fan coils may be used to serve resident rooms and shall be provided with MERV 8 filters minimum. (4156 A5)
450.3.14.6 System designs utilizing fan coil or package terminal air-conditioning units shall have the outdoor air ventilation damper permanently closed. The ventilation requirement shall be satisfied by a central station type air handling unit provided with MERV 8 filter minimum or as required by the listed space served. Spaces designated for the exclusive use of physical plant personnel need not comply with this requirement. (4156 A5)
450.3.14.7 Administrative and other staff-only areas shall be provided with outside air at the minimum rate of 20 cfm (9.43 L/s) per person, and the central system shall have a minimum of 30 percent ASHRAE dust spot efficiency filter.
450.3.14.8 All outdoor air intakes shall be located a minimum of 3 feet (0.91 m) above surrounding surfaces and a minimum of 10 feet (3.05 m) horizontally from any exhaust air or plumbing vent.
450.3.14.9 All filters in systems in excess of 1000 cfm (28.32 m3/min) capacity shall be installed with differential pressure gauges. The filter gauge shall have the range of acceptable filter operation clearly and permanently indicated.
450.3.14.10 Filter housings for MERV 13 efficiency filters shall be fully gasketed and sealed with mechanical latching devices capable of exerting and maintaining a continuous, uniform sealing pressure on the filter media when in the latched, closed position. (4156 A5)
450.3.14.11 The transfer of air quantities through one space to an adjacent space is not permitted except that the transfer of air to maintain space relative pressure by the under cutting of doors is permitted. The maximum allowable air quantity for door undercuts shall be 75 cfm (35.38 L/s) for single door widths up to 44 inches (1117 mm).
450.3.14.12 Space relative pressure requirements shall be maintained throughout the entire system control range where variable volume systems are utilized.
450.3.14.13 Spaces having exhaust hoods shall have sufficient make-up supply air such that the required pressure relationship will not be affected by the operation of the hood.
450.3.14.14 All supply, return and exhaust ventilation fans shall operate continuously. Dietary hood, laundry area, administrative areas that are separated from all resident areas and support areas and maintenance area supply and exhaust fans shall be exempted from continuous operation.
450.3.14.15 Cooling coil condensate shall be piped to a roof drain, floor drain or other approved location.
450.3.14.16 Each new resident sleeping room or resident sleeping area that is separated by a permanent partition and door shall be provided with a separate thermostat to provide individual adjustment of room or area temperature.
450.3.15 Exhaust.
420.3.15.1 Exhaust fans and other fans operating in conjunction with a negative duct system pressure shall be located at the discharge end of the system. Fans located immediately within the building located at the end of all exhaust ducts shall be permitted. Existing, nonconforming systems need not be brought into compliance when equipment is replaced due to equipment failure.
450.3.15.2 Exhaust hoods in food preparation areas shall be listed or certified by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL).
450.3.16 Ducts.
450.3.16.1 All new facility construction shall have totally ducted supply, return, exhaust and outside air systems including areas of all occupancy classifications.
450.3.16.2 In new construction, duct system risers penetrating more than one floor shall be installed in vertical fire-rated shafts. Horizontal offsets of the risers shall not be allowed. Fire/smoke dampers shall be installed at duct penetrations of the chase. Existing nonconforming systems shall be brought into compliance when remodel or renovation work is proposed.
450.3.17 Fan and damper control during fire alarm.
450.3.17.1 During an automatic fire alarm or the activation of a duct smoke detector, fan systems and fan equipment serving more than one room shall be stopped to prevent the movement of smoke by mechanical means from the zone in alarm to adjacent smoke zones. (4156 A5)
450.3.17.2 Air-handling and fan coil units serving exit access corridors for the zone in alarm shall shut down upon fire alarm.
450.3.17.3 Smoke or fire/smoke dampers shall close upon fire alarm and upon manual shutdown of the associated supply, return or exhaust fan.
450.3.18 Plumbing.
450.3.18.1 All plumbing fixtures provided in spaces shall conform to the requirements of Table 420.3.18.1 of plumbing fixtures and minimum trim.
450.3.18.2 The temperature of hot water supplied to resident and staff use lavatories, showers and bath shall be between 105°F (41°C) and 115°F (46°C) at the discharge end of the fixture.
450.3.18.3 Wall-mounted water closets, lavatories, drinking fountains and hand-washing facilities shall be attached to floor-mounted carriers and shall withstand an applied vertical load of a minimum of 250 pounds (113.39 kg) to the front of the fixture.
450.3.18.4 Grease interceptors shall be located outside of the building.
450.3.18.5 Provide deep seal traps for floor drains in resident showers.
450.3.18.6 Food preparation sinks, pot washing, dishwashers, janitor sinks, floor drains, and cart and can wash drains shall run through the grease trap. Garbage disposers shall not run through the grease trap.
450.3.18.7 Ice machines, rinse sinks, dishwashers, and beverage dispenser drip receptacles shall be indirectly wasted.
450.3.18.8 Each water service main, branch main, riser and branch to a group of fixtures shall have valves. Stop valves shall be provided for each fixture. Panels for valve access shall be provided at all valves.
TABLE 450.3.18.1
PLUMBING FIXTURES AND MINIMUM TRIM
|
ROOM/FUNCTION |
FIXTURE, FITTING, AND TRIM |
||
|
Barber and Beauty |
G-6 |
||
|
Bed Pan Sanitizer |
K-7 |
||
|
Clean Utility Room |
C-2 |
||
|
Corridor per nursing unit |
I-5 |
||
|
Eye Wash Station(s) |
L-5 |
||
|
Exam/Treatment Room |
A-2 |
||
|
Housekeeping/Janitor's Closet |
E-6 |
||
|
Laundry |
A-1; H-1 |
||
|
Medication Preparation Room |
C-2 |
||
|
Nourishment Room |
C-2 |
||
|
Resident Baths |
J-1 |
||
|
Resident bedrooms with three or more beds |
A-1 |
||
|
Resident Room Bath |
A-1; B-4; J-1 |
||
|
Resident Toilet Rooms |
A-1; B-4 |
||
|
Soiled Utility Room(s) |
D-2; F-3 AND 4; K-5 |
||
|
Therapy Areas |
A-2 |
||
|
Toilet Rooms, public and staff |
A-1; B-5 |
||
|
FIXTURE LEGEND |
|||
|
A. Lavatory |
G. Sink, Shampoo H. Sink, Laundry I. Electric Drinking Fountain J. Bathing Facilities or Shower (Note 1) K. Sanitizer w/ rinse water at 140°F (60°C) or chemical rinse. If required by the functional program of the facility. L. Eye Wash Fixtures |
||
|
FIXTURE LEGEND |
|||
|
1. Hot and cold supplies. 2. Hot and cold supplies with wrist blades from 31/2inches (89 mm) to 41/2inches (114 mm) in length or foot or knee control and a gooseneck spout with discharge a minimum of 5 inches (127 mm) above the fixture rim. 3. Hot and cold supplies with elbow blades a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) long or foot or knee control. 4. Bedpan rinsing attachment, cold water only. If required by the functional program of the facility. 5. Cold supply. 6. Hot and cold supplies with hose connection and backflow preventer. 7. Hot water supply. |
|||
|
NOTES: 2. If eye wash stations are provided, they shall be installed in accordance with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z358.1 for Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment. |
|
|
450.3.18.9 Backflow preventers (vacuum breakers) shall be installed on bedpan-rinsing attachments, hose bibs and supply nozzles used for connection of hoses or tubing in housekeeping sinks and similar applications.
450.3.18.10 A backflow preventer shall be installed on the facility main water source(s).
450.3.18.11 All piping, except control-line tubing, shall be identified. All valves shall be tagged, and a valve schedule shall be provided to the facility owner for permanent record and reference.
450.3.19 Medical gas and vacuum systems.
450.3.19.1 Provide a medical gas and vacuum system in conformance with the requirements for a Nursing Home as described in NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities.
450.3.19.2 Provide a dedicated area for the location of the oxygen system emergency supply source with an impervious, noncombustible, nonpetroleum-based surface located adjacent to the emergency low pressure gaseous oxygen inlet connection. Provision shall be made for securing the vessel to protect it from accidental damage.
450.3.20 Fire pump. (Where required).
450.3.20.1 Fire pumps and ancillary equipment shall be separated from other functions by construction having a 2-hour fire-resistance rating.
450.3.20.2 The fire pump normal service disconnect shall be rated to hold locked rotor current. If the approved normal service disconnect is located on the exterior, it shall be supervised by connection to the fire pump remote annunciator and shall provide a separate fire alarm system trouble indication.
450.3.20.3 When the fire pump is placed on the emergency system in addition to the normal supply, the emergency feeder protective device shall be sized in accordance with maximum rating or settings of Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
450.3.20.4 The fire pump transfer switch may be either manual or automatic. If located on the line side of the controller as a separate unit, the switch must be rated for the pump motor locked rotor current indefinitely and must be located in the pump room.
450.3.20.5 Combination fire pump controller and transfer switch units listed by the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., as prescribed by Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building are acceptable when the transfer switch has exposable and replaceable contacts, not circuit breaker types, rated for the available short-circuit current.
450.3.20.6 The fire pump shall be installed in a readily accessible location. When it is located on the grade level floor, there shall be direct access from the exterior.
450.3.21 Electrical requirements.
450.3.21.1 All material, including equipment, conductors, controls, and signaling devices, shall be installed to provide a complete electrical system with the necessary characteristics and capacity to supply the electrical facility requirements as shown in the specifications and as indicated on the plans. All materials and equipment shall be listed as complying with applicable standards of Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., or other nationally recognized testing facilities. Field labeling of equipment and materials will be permitted only when provided by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) that has been certified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for that referenced standard.
450.3.21.2 For purposes of this section, a resident room, a resident therapy area or an examination room shall be considered a "patient care area" as described in NFPA 99 Health Care Facilities, and Chapter 27, Electrical Systems, of this code.
450.3.21.3 Panels located in spaces subject to storage shall have the clear working space per Chapter 27, Electrical Systems, of this code, permanently marked "ELECTRICAL—NOT FOR STORAGE" with a line outlining the required clear working space on the floor and wall.
450.3.21.4 Panel boards shall not be located in an exit access corridor or in an unenclosed space or area that is open to an exit access corridor. Panel boards may be located inside of a room or closet that opens into an exit access corridor only when the room or closet is separated from the exit access corridor by a partition and door that comply with this code. (4156 A5)
420.3.21.5 There shall be documentation for equipotential grounding in all patient care areas, building service ground electrode systems, lightning protection ground terminals and special systems such as fire alarm, nurse call, paging, generator, emergency power and breaker coordination.
450.3.22 Lighting.
450.3.22.1 All spaces occupied by people, machinery and equipment within buildings, approaches to buildings and parking lots shall have electric lighting.
450.3.22.2 Resident bedrooms shall have general lighting from ceiling mounted fixtures, floor lamp fixtures or table mounted fixtures. Separate fixed night lighting shall be provided. The night-light shall have a switch at the entrance to each resident's room or separate sleeping area. A reading light shall be provided for each resident. Resident reading lights and other fixed lights not switched at the door shall have switch controls convenient for use at the luminary. Wall-mounted switches for control of lighting in resident areas shall be of quiet operating type.
450.3.22.3 All lighting in the resident use areas including corridors, shared spaces, treatment areas, sleeping areas, social areas and living areas shall meet the requirements of RP-28-07 Lighting and the Visual Environment for Senior Living as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code.
450.3.22.4 All general resident room lighting and all corridor lighting used by residents shall be designed to minimize glare such as indirect lighting.
450.3.23 Receptacles.
450.3.23.1 Provide one general purpose duplex receptacle on another wall to serve each resident and one additional duplex receptacle at the head of the bed if a motorized bed is provided.
450.3.23.2 Duplex receptacles for general use shall be installed in all general purpose corridors, approximately 50 feet (15.24 m) apart and within 25 feet (7.52 m) of corridor ends.
450.3.24 Fire alarm systems.
450.3.24.1 A fire alarm annunciator panel shall be provided at a single designated 24-hour monitored location. The panel shall indicate audibly and visually, the zone of actuation of the alarm and system trouble. As a minimum, devices located in each smoke compartment shall be interconnected as a separate fire alarm zone. Annunciator wiring shall be supervised. Annunciator shall clearly indicate the zone location of the alarm. Provide an adjacent zone location map to quickly locate alarm condition.
450.3.25 Nurse call systems. Wired or wireless type nurse call systems shall be permitted if they have been tested and approved by a national recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet the requirements of UL 1069, 7th edition published October 12, 2007 as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code. All wireless systems shall be been tested and approved by a national recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet the requirements of Section 49, Wireless Systems of UL 1069, 7th edition as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code. All nurse call systems whether wired or wireless shall be supervised in accordance with the requirements of UL 1069, 7th edition for wired and wireless nurse call systems and tested and approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet those requirements.
450.3.25.1 A nurse call system shall be provided that will register a call from each resident bed to the related staff work area(s) by activating a visual signal at the resident room door or wireless pager and activating a visual and audible signal in the clean utility, soiled utility, nourishment station, medication prep or mobile nurse station receiver and the master station of the resident. If a mobile nurse station receiver is utilized to receive the resident call, it will be worn by all staff who are assigned to the resident unit and shall identify the specific resident and or room from which the call was placed. Audible signals may be temporarily silenced, provided subsequent calls automatically reactive the audible signal. In rooms containing two or more calling stations, indicating lights shall be provided for each calling station. In multi-corridor nursing units, corridor zone lights shall be installed at corridor intersections in the vicinity of staff work areas.
450.3.25.2 An emergency calling station of the pull cord type shall be provided and shall be conveniently located for resident use at each resident toilet, bath or shower room but not inside of the shower unless the nurse call device is listed for wet locations. The call signal shall be the highest priority and shall be cancelled only at the emergency calling station. The emergency calling station shall activate distinctive audible and visual signals immediately at the resident room door or wireless pager, and activate a visual and audible signal in the clean utility, soiled utility, nourishment station, medication prep or mobile nurse station receiver and the master station of the resident unit. If a mobile nurse station receiver is utilized to receive the resident call, it will be worn by all staff who are assigned to the resident unit and shall identify the specific resident and or room from which the call was placed.
450.3.25.3 The nurse call master station shall be located inside the resident unit at a staff administrative area and shall not block any incoming resident calls. The master station control settings shall not prevent the activation of the incoming audible and visual signals. In wireless systems, all orphaned calls to mobile nurse station receivers will register at the nurse call master station.
450.3.25.4 Activation of an emergency call shall not cancel a normal call from the same room.
450.3.25.5 A corridor dome light shall be located directly outside of any resident care area that is equipped with a wired nurse call system.
450.3.26 Essential electrical system.
450.3.26.1 A Type 1 essential electrical system shall be provided in all nursing homes as described in NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities. The emergency power for this system shall meet the requirements of a Level 1, Type 10, Class 48 generator as described in NFPA 110, Emergency Standby Power Systems.
450.3.26.2 In new construction, the normal main service equipment shall be separated from the emergency distribution equipment by locating it in a separate room. Transfer switches shall be considered emergency distribution equipment for this purpose.
450.3.26.3 The generator remote annunciator shall be located at a designated 24 hour staffed location.
450.3.26.4 Switches for critical branch lighting shall be completely separate from normal switching. The devices or cover plates shall be of a distinctive color. Critical branch switches may be adjacent to normal switches. Switches for life safety lighting are not permitted except as required for dusk-to-dawn automatic control of exterior lighting fixtures.
450.3.26.5 There shall be selected life safety lighting provided at a minimum of 1 footcandle (10 lux) and designed for automatic dusk-to-dawn operation along the travel paths from the exits to the public way or to safe areas located a minimum of 30 feet (9.14 m) from the building.
450.3.26.6 A minimum of one elevator per bank serving any patient use floor shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electric system and arranged for manual or automatic operation during loss of normal power. Elevator cab lighting, controls, and communication and signal systems shall be connected to the life safety branch.
450.3.26.7 If a day tank is provided, it shall be equipped with a dedicated low-level fuel alarm and a manual pump. The alarm shall be located at the generator derangement panel.
450.3.26.8 Transfer switch contacts shall be of the open type and shall be accessible for inspection and replacement.
450.3.26.9 If required by the facility's emergency food plan, there shall be power connected to the equipment branch of the essential electrical system for kitchen refrigerators, freezers and range hood exhaust fans. Selected lighting within the kitchen and dry storage areas shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.
450.3.27 Lightning protection.
450.3.27.1 A lightning protection system shall be provided for all new buildings and additions in accordance with NFPA 780, Installation of Lightning Protection Systems.
450.3.27.2 Where additions are constructed to existing buildings, the existing building's lightning protection system, if connected to the new lightning protection system, shall be inspected and brought into compliance with current standards.
450.3.27.3 There shall be surge protection for all normal and emergency electrical services.
450.3.27.4 Additional surge protection shall be provided for all low-voltage and power connections to all electronic equipment in critical care areas and life safety systems and equipment such as fire alarm, nurse call and other critical systems. Protection shall be in accordance with appropriate IEEE Standards for the type of equipment protected.
450.3.27.5 All low voltage system main or
branch circuits entering or exiting the structure shall have surge suppressors
installed for each pair of conductors and shall have visual indication for
protector failure to the maximum extent feasible. [4156]
450.4 Physical plant
requirements for disaster preparedness of new nursing home construction.
450.4.1 Definitions. The following definitions shall apply specifically to this section:
450.4.1.1 "New facility" means a nursing home which has not received a Stage II Preliminary Plan approval from the Agency for Health Care Administration pursuant to this section.
450.4.1.2 "Net square footage" means the clear floor space of an area excluding cabinetry and other fixed furniture or equipment.
450.4.1.3 "During and immediately following" means a period of 72 hours following the loss of normal support utilities to the facility.
450.4.1.4 "Occupied resident area(s)" means the location of residents inside of the new facility or in the addition of a wing or floor to an existing facility during and immediately following a disaster. If these residents are to be relocated into an area of the existing facility during and immediately following a disaster, then for these purposes, that location will be defined as the "occupied resident area."
450.4.1.5 "Resident support area(s)" means the area(s) required to ensure the health, safety and well-being of residents during and immediately following a disaster, such as a staff work area, clean and soiled utility areas, food preparation area and other areas as determined by the facility to be kept operational during and immediately following a disaster.
450.4.1.6 "On site" means either in, immediately adjacent to, or on the campus of the facility, or addition of a wing or floor to an existing facility.
450.4.1.7 "Resident(s) served" means the number of residents as determined by the facility that will be served in the occupied resident area(s) during and immediately following a disaster.
450.4.2 Disaster preparedness construction standards. The following construction standards are in addition to the physical plant requirements described in Sections 450.2 through 450.3. These minimum standards are intended to increase the ability of the facility to be structurally capable of serving as a shelter for residents, staff and the family of residents and staff and equipped to be self-supporting during and immediately following a disaster:
450.4.2.1 Space standards.
450.4.2.1.1 For planning purposes, each new facility shall provide a minimum of 30 net square feet (2.79 m2) per resident served in the occupied resident area(s). The number of residents to be served is to be determined by the facility administration.
450.4.2.1.2 As determined by the facility, space for administrative and support activities shall be provided for use by facility staff to allow for care of residents in the occupied resident area(s).
450.4.2.1.3 As
determined by the facility, space shall be provided for all staff and family
members of residents and staff. [COMMENT
AFTER GLITCH]
450.4.2.2 Site standards
450.4.2.2.1 Except as permitted by Section 1612 of this code, the lowest floor of all new facilities shall be elevated to the Base Flood Elevation as defined in Section 1612 of this code, plus 2 feet, or to the height of hurricane Category 3 (Saffir-Simpson scale) surge inundation elevation, as described by the Sea, Lake, and Overland Surge (SLOSH) from Hurricanes model developed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Weather Service (NWS), whichever is higher.
450.4.2.2.2 For all existing facilities, the lowest floor elevations of all additions, and all resident support areas including food service, and all resident support utilities, including mechanical, and electrical (except fuel storage as noted in Section 450.4.2.9.3 of this code) for the additions shall be at or above the elevation of the existing building, if the existing building was designed and constructed to comply with either the site standards of section 450.4 of this code or local flood resistant requirements, in effect at the time of construction, whichever requires the higher elevation, unless otherwise permitted by Section 1612 of this code. If the existing building was constructed prior to the adoption of either the site standards of 450.4 of this code or local flood resistant requirements, then the addition and all resident support areas and utilities for the addition as described in this section shall either be designed and constructed to meet the requirements of Section 450.4.2.2.1 of this code or be designed and constructed to meet the dry flood proofing requirements of Section 1612 of this code. (4294handout)
450.4.2.2.3 Substantial improvement, as defined by Section 1612 of this code, to all existing facilities located within flood areas as defined in Section 1612 of this code or within a Category 3 surge inundation zone as described in Section 450.4.2.2.1 of this code, shall be designed and constructed in compliance with Section 1612 of this code.
450.4.2.2.4 Where an off-site public
access route is available to the new facility at or above the, base flood
elevation, a minimum of one on-site emergency access route shall be provided
that is located at the same elevation as the public access route.[4294, 3880]
450.4.2.2.5 New landscaping elements shall be located so if damaged they will not block the on-site emergency access route to the facility. Outdoor signs and their foundations shall be designed to meet the wind load criteria of this code.
450.4.2.2.6 New light standards
and their foundations used for lighting the on-site emergency access route
shall be designed to meet the wind load criteria of ASCE 7 with wind speeds
determined from Figure 26.5-1B with appropriate exposure category dependent on
site location. [SP4663]
450.4.2.3 Structural standards. Wind load design of the building structure and exterior envelope including exterior wall systems shall be designed in accordance with this code.
450.4.2.4 Roofing standards.
450.4.2.4.1 Roofing membrane material shall resist the uplift forces specified in this code. Roof coverings shall be installed according to the specifications provided by the manufacturer.
450.4.2.4.2 Loose-laid ballasted roofs shall not be permitted.
450.4.2.4.3 All new roof appendages such as ducts, tanks, ventilators, receivers, dx condensing units and decorative mansard roofs and their attachment systems shall be structurally engineered to meet the wind load requirements of this code. All of these attachment systems shall be connected directly to the underlying roof structure or roof support structure.
450.4.2.5 Exterior unit standards.
450.4.2.5.1 All exterior window units, skylights, exterior louvers and exterior door units including vision panels and their anchoring systems shall be impact resistant or protected with an impact resistant covering meeting the requirements of the Testing Application Standards (TAS) 201, 202, and 203 of this code in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2 thru 1626.4 of this code. The impact resistant coverings may be either permanently attached or may be removable if stored on site of the facility.
450.4.2.5.2 The location or application of exterior impact protective systems shall not prevent required exit egress from the building.
450.4.2.5.3 When not being utilized to
protect the windows, the permanently attached impact resistant coverings shall
not reduce the percentage of the clear window opening below that required by
this code for the patient room. [4357]
450.4.2.6 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) standards.
450.4.2.6.1 All new air-moving equipment, dx
condensing units, through-wall units and other HVAC equipment located outside
of, partially outside of, or on the roof of the facility
and providing service to the facility shall be
permitted only when either of the following are met:
450.4.2.6.1.1 They are located inside a
penthouse designed to meet the wind load requirements of the Florida
Building Code, Building; or
450.4.2.6.1.2 Their fastening systems are designed to meet the wind load requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building and they and all associated equipment are protected as required by TAS 201,202, and 203 in accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2 thru 1626.4 of this code from damage by horizontal impact by a separate and independent structure that allows access to all parts of the equipment at all times or
450.4.2.6.1.3 They are completely protected
by the equipment shrouding that meets the requirements of TAS 201,202,and 203 in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 1626.2-1626.4 of this code. [4281]
450.4.2.6.2 All occupied resident areas and resident support areas
shall be supplied with sufficient HVAC as determined by the facility to ensure
the health, safety and well being of all residents and staff during and
immediately following a disaster. [COMMENT AFTER GLITCH]
450.4.2.6.3 As determined by the facility, these selected HVAC systems and their associated support equipment, such as a control air compressor, essential to the maintenance of the occupied resident and resident support area(s) shall receive their power from the emergency power supply system(s).
450.4.2.6.4
Ventilation air change rates in occupied patient areas shall be maintained as
specified in this section during and immediately following a disaster by
connection to the essential electrical system.
[4422]
450.4.2.6.5 Auxiliary equipment and specialties such as hydronic supply piping and pneumatic control piping shall be located, routed and protected in such a manner as determined by the facility to ensure the equipment receiving the services will not be interrupted.
450.4.2.7 Plumbing standards.
450.4.2.7.1 There shall be an independent on-site supply (i.e., water well) or on-site storage capability (i.e., empty water storage containers or bladders) of potable water at a minimum quantity of 3 gallons (11 L) per resident served per day during and immediately following a disaster. For planning purposes the number of in-patients shall be determined in writing by the facility. Hot water in boilers or tanks shall not be counted to meet this requirement.
450.4.2.7.2 There shall be an independent on-site supply or storage capability of potable water at a minimum quantity of 1 gallon (4 L) per facility staff, and other personnel in the facility per day during and immediately following a disaster. For planning purposes, the number of these personnel shall be estimated by the facility. Hot water in boilers or tanks shall not be counted to meet this requirement.
450.4.2.7.3 The facility shall determine what amount of water will be sufficient to provide for resident services, and shall maintain an on-site supply or on-site storage of the determined amount.
450.4.2.7.4 When used to meet the minimum requirements of this rule, selected system appurtenances such as water pressure maintenance house pumps and emergency water supply well pumps shall take power from the emergency power supply system(s).
450.4.2.8 Medical gas systems standards. The storage, distribution piping system and appurtenances shall be contained within a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of this code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
450.4.2.9 Emergency electrical generator and essential electrical
system standards.
450.4.2.9.1 There shall be an on-site Level 1 emergency electrical generator system designed to support the occupied resident area(s) and resident support area(s) with at least the following support services:
450.4.2.9.1.1 Ice-making equipment to produce ice for the residents served, or freezer storage equipment for the storage of ice for the residents served.
450.4.2.9.1.2 Refrigerator unit(s) and food service equipment if required by the emergency food plan;
450.4.2.9.1.3 At a minimum, there shall be one clothes washer and one clothes dryer for laundry service.
450.4.2.9.1.4 Selected HVAC systems as determined by the facility and other systems required by this code.
450.4.2.9.1.5 Electric lighting required to provide care and service to the patient occupied areas and the necessary patient support areas shall be connected to the essential electrical system. [4428]
450.4.2.9.2 The emergency generator system shall be fueled by a fuel supply stored on-site sized to fuel the generator for 100 percent load for 64 hours or 72 hours for actual demand load of the occupied resident area(s) and resident support area(s) and resident support utilities during and immediately following a disaster, whichever is greater.
450.4.2.9.3 The fuel supply shall either be located below ground or contained within a protected area that is designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of this code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4. If an underground system is used, it shall be designed so as to exclude the entrance of any foreign solids or liquids.
450.4.2.9.4 All fuel lines supporting the generator system(s) shall be protected also with a method designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of this code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
450.4.2.9.5 All panel boards, transfer switches, disconnect switches, enclosed circuit breakers or emergency system raceway systems required to support the occupied resident area(s), resident support area(s) or support utilities shall be contained within a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of this code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4, and shall not rely on systems or devices outside of this protected area(s) for their reliability or continuation of service.
450.4.2.9.6 The emergency generator(s) shall be air- or self-contained liquid cooled and it and other essential electrical equipment shall be installed in a protected area(s) designed and constructed to meet the structural requirements of this code and debris impact requirements as specified by Sections 1626.2 through 1626.4.
450.4.2.9.7 If the facility does not have a permanent onsite optional stand-by generator to operate the normal branch electrical system, there shall be a permanently installed predesigned electrical service entry for the normal branch electrical system that will allow a quick connection to a temporary electrical generator. This quick connection shall be installed inside of a permanent metal enclosure rated for this purpose and may be located on the exterior of the building.
‘
450.4.2.10 Fire protection standards.
450.4.2.10.1 If the facility requires fire sprinklers as part of its fire protection, either of the following shall be met:
450.4.2.10.1.1 On-site water storage capacity to continue sprinkler coverage, in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 13, Sprinkler Systems, fire watch, conducted in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 59A-4, Florida Administrative Code.
450.4.2.10.2 If the facility provides a fire watch in lieu of water storage to continue sprinkle coverage, then one 4-A type fire extinguisher or equivalent shall be provided for every three or less 2-A fire extinguishers required by NFPA 10, Portable Extinguishers, for the area served. These additional extinguishers shall be equally distributed throughout the area they are protecting.
450.4.2.11 External emergency communications standards. (Reference Chapter 59A-4, Florida Administrative Code for requirements.)
Section 451 Ambulatory Surgical Centers. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 421 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 451
AMBULATORY SURGICAL CENTERS
451.1 Scope.
451.1.1 All newly licensed or newly constructed ambulatory surgical centers, all ambulatory surgical center outpatient facilities and ambulatory surgical center mobile and transportable units, unless exempted by Chapter 395.0163, and all additions, alterations or renovations to an existing licensed ambulatory surgical center shall comply with all applicable requirements of this code and the minimum standards of design, construction and specified minimum essential utilities and facilities of this Section and shall have plans reviewed and construction surveyed by the state agency authorized to do so by Chapter 553.80 (1)(c), Florida Statutes to assure compliance with all applicable requirements of this code.
451.1.2 A change of ownership of an existing licensed ambulatory surgical center shall not require compliance with this Section.
451.1.3 The Florida Building Code, Existing Buildings, Section 101.2 Scope exempts state licensed ambulatory surgical centers from compliance with that code. Any repair, alteration, change of occupancy, addition and relocation of an existing state licensed ambulatory surgical center shall comply with the applicable requirements of this code and this Section.
451.1.4 For project submission and fee requirements, and other administrative, licensure, and programmatic provisions for ambulatory surgical centers, see Agency for Health Care Administration [AHCA] Chapter 59A-5 Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) and Chapter 395, Florida Statutes.
451.1.5 For state licensure purposes, these codes and standards shall be applicable to the project on the effective date of this code at the time of preliminary plan approval by the Agency for Health Care Administration (the Agency) or at the first construction document review if there has been no previous preliminary plan approval for that project.
451.2 Additional codes and standards for the design and construction of ambulatory surgical centers, and unless exempted by Chapter 395.0163, Florida Statutes, all ambulatory surgical center outpatient facilities and ambulatory surgical center mobile and transportable units. In addition to the minimum standards required by Section 451 of this code, Chapter 59A-5 Florida Administrative Code or by Chapter 395, Florida Statutes, all new ambulatory surgical centers and all additions, alterations or renovations to existing ambulatory surgical centers shall also be in compliance with the following codes and standards on the effective date of this code as described in Section 451.1.5 of this code:
451.2.1 The fire codes described in Chapter 69A-3.012, Standards of the National Fire Protection Association Adopted, Florida Administrative Code.
451.2.2 Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities (The Guidelines), as reference in Chapter 35 of this code.
451.3 Additional physical plant requirements for ambulatory surgical centers.
451.3.1 In addition to the codes and standards referenced in Section 451.2 of this code, the minimum standards of construction and specified minimum essential facilities described in Section 451.3 of this code shall apply to all ambulatory surgical centers as described in Section 451.1 of this code. and to all new additions, alterations or renovations to existing ambulatory surgical center on the effective date of the code.
451.3.2 Operating rooms. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.2.1 All ambulatory surgical centers shall be equipped with a minimum of one operating room that is in compliance with the requirements of a "Class C" operating room as described in The Guidelines. Only “Class C” operating rooms will be listed as operating rooms for purposes of licensure.
451.3.2.2 If provided, all Class A or Class B operating rooms, and all procedure, examination, or treatment rooms shall meet the requirements for these rooms as described in The Guidelines.
451.3.3 Recovery area. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.3.1Only the Post-anesthesia recovery positions as described in The Guidelines will be listed as recovery positions for purposes of licensure.
451.3.4 Architectural Details, Surfaces, and Furnishings. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.4.1 No doors shall swing into the corridor except those to small closets or small mechanical or electrical rooms that cannot be usefully occupied with the doors in the closed position.
451.3.4.2 All exit access corridor doors must be equipped with automatic positive latching hardware.
451.3.4.3 The use of sliding pocket doors to patient use toilets shall not be permitted.
451.3.5 Elevators where required. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.5.1 All new ambulatory surgical centers located in multistory buildings where patient treatment areas are located on other than the exit floor shall have at least one 2,500 pound (933 kg) capacity elevator that shall be in compliance with the requirements of Section 451.3.13.5 of this code and the requirements of Chapter 30 of the code.
451.3.5.2 This required elevator shall be sized to accommodate an ambulance stretcher 76 inches (1931 mm) long and 24 inches (610 mm) wide in the horizontal position. This elevator shall be identified with a sign indicating it as the ambulance stretcher elevator.
451.3.6 Air-conditioning, heating and ventilating systems. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.6.1 Air-handling equipment shall be
located either on the roof of the building it serves or in mechanical equipment
rooms unless it serves only one room and is located in that room. In buildings
with multiple uses, tenants or occupancies, the licensed health care areas
required by this code to maintain filter efficiencies and relative air pressure
relationships shall be served by separate ducted mechanical air supply, return
and exhaust systems. This equipment may be located in other areas of the
building or in the same room as the building air-handling equipment if access
during normal business hours is available.
[4431]
451.3.6.2 Variable volume systems shall not be permitted in surgical procedures rooms and recovery rooms.
451.3.6.3 Friable duct linings exposed to air movement shall not be used in ducts, terminal boxes or other systems supplying operating rooms and recovery rooms, unless terminal filters of at least 90-percent efficiency are installed downstream of linings. Flexible duct work shall have a continuous metal inner liner encased by insulating material with an outer vapor jacket conforming to UL 181 unless the flexible duct meets the following criteria:
451.3.6.3.1 The duct conforms to UL Class 1 Air Duct, Standard 181 with minimum rated air velocity of 4,000 feet per minute, and is pressure rated for a minimum of 4-inches water gage positive pressure and 1-inch water gage negative pressure.
451.3.6.3.2 The inner core of the duct is constructed of Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) material encircling a steel helix bonded to the CPE.
451.3.6.3.3 The duct has a fire-retardant metalized vapor barrier that is reinforced with crosshatched fiberglass scrim having a permanence of not greater than 0.05 perms when tested in accordance with ASTM E 96 Procedure A.
451.3.6.3.4 The duct has passed an impact test similar to the UL 181 standard, conducted by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) except it shall use a 25-pound weight dropped from a height of 10 feet. As a result of the test, the inner and outer surfaces of the sample shall not have ruptured, broken, torn, ripped, collapsed or separated in order for the duct to pass the test. In addition, the helix shall rebound to a cross-sectional elliptical area not less than 80 percent of the original test sample diameter. The use of flexible duct shall be limited to flexible air connector applications.
451.3.6.4 Filter housing frame blank-off panels shall be permanently attached to the frame, constructed of rigid materials and have sealing surfaces equal to or greater than the filter media installed in the filter frame. All joints between the blank-off panels, filter housing frames and filter support structure shall be caulked air tight.
451.3.7 Fan and damper control during fire alarm.
451.3.7.1 During an automatic fire alarm activation, fan systems and fan equipment serving more than one room shall be stopped to prevent the movement of smoke by mechanical means from the zone in alarm to adjacent smoke zones or to adjacent areas within the smoke zone if there is only one zone in the facility.
451.3.7.2 Fan control shall be designed so as to minimize the interruption of heating, ventilating and air conditioning in compartments remote from the compartment in alarm.
451.3.7.3 Fan control shall not interfere with the continuous operation of exhaust systems conveying ethylene oxide or other hazardous chemicals and fumes or systems required to operate continuously for the health and safety of occupants. Air-handling systems shall be designed to allow for continuous operation of all such systems and to minimize movement of smoke by mechanical means from the zone in alarm.
451.3.8 Plumbing fixtures. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.8.1 Plumbing shall comply with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
451.3.9 Fire pump.
451.3.9.1 Where required in new construction, fire pumps and ancillary equipment shall be separated from other functions by construction having a 2-hour fire-resistance rating.
451.3.9.2 The fire pump normal service disconnect shall be rated to hold locked rotor current indefinitely. If the approved normal service disconnect is located on the exterior, it shall be supervised by connection to the fire pump remote annunciator and shall provide a separate fire alarm system trouble indication.
451.3.9.3 When the fire pump is placed on the emergency system in addition to the normal supply, the emergency feeder protective device shall be sized in accordance with maximum rating or settings of Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
451.3.9.4 The fire pump transfer switch may be either manual or automatic. If located on the line side of the controller as a separate unit, the switch must be rated for the pump motor locked rotor current indefinitely and must be located in the pump room.
451.3.9.5 Combination fire pump controller and transfer switch units listed by the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., as prescribed by Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building are acceptable when the transfer switch has exposable and replaceable contacts, not circuit breaker types, rated for the available short-circuit current.
451.3.9.6 The fire pump shall be installed in a readily accessible location When it is located on the grade level floor, there shall be direct access from the exterior.
451.3.10 Electrical requirements. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.10.1 All material, including equipment, conductors, controls, and signaling devices, shall be installed to provide a complete electrical system with the necessary characteristics and capacity to supply the electrical facilities shown in the specifications or indicated on the plans.
451.3.10.2 All materials and equipment shall be factory listed as complying with applicable standards of Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc., or other similarly established standards of a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) that has been certified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for that referenced standard.
451.3.10.3 Field labeling of equipment and materials shall be permitted only when provided by a nationally recognized testing laboratory that has been certified by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for that referenced standard.
451.3.10.4 There shall be documentation for equipotential grounding in all patient care areas, building service ground electrode systems, and special systems such as fire alarm, nurse call, paging, generator, emergency power and breaker coordination.
451.3.10.5 All spaces occupied by people, machinery and equipment within buildings, and the approaches thereto, and parking lots, shall have electric lighting.
451.3.10.6 Patients' recovery rooms shall have general lighting. Fixed lights not switched at the door shall have switch controls convenient for use at the luminaries. All switches for control of lighting in recovery areas shall be of the quiet operating type.
451.3.10.7 Operating rooms shall have general lighting for the room in addition to localized specialized lighting provided by a special lighting unit required at the surgical table. The type of special lighting unit shall be as specified by the functional program of the facility. Each special lighting unit for localized lighting at the surgical table shall be permanently installed and permanently connected to an independent circuit that shall be powered from the critical branch. In addition, a minimum of one general purpose lighting fixture shall be powered from a normal circuit in all operating rooms.
451.3.10.8 The number and circuitry of all duplex receptacles in operating rooms, cardiac catheterization laboratories, and post-operative recovery rooms, shall be provided as follows:
451.3.10.8.1 A minimum of four duplex receptacles
shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.
451.3.10.8.2 A minimum of two shall be connected to a
normal power circuit or to a critical branch circuit from a different transfer
switch.
451.3.10.8.3 There shall be no more than two duplex receptacles per circuit for all receptacles for the areas as listed.
451.3.10.9 All receptacles shall have engraved cover plates to indicate the panel board and circuit numbers powering the device.
451.3.10.10 Branch circuit over-current devices shall be readily accessible to nursing staff and other authorized personnel.
451.3.10.11 Nonmetallic sheathed cable or similar systems are not permitted for power and lighting wiring in any facility.
451.3.10.12 Panel boards located in spaces subject to storage shall have the clear working space per Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building. "ELECTRICAL ACCESS-NOT FOR STORAGE" shall be permanently marked on the floor and wall about the panel. Panel boards shall not be located in an exit access corridor or in an unenclosed space or area that is open to an exit access corridor. Panel boards may be located inside of a room or closet that opens into an exit access corridor only when the room or closet is separated from the exit access corridor by a partition and door that comply with this code.
451.3.10.13 The electrical system shall have coordinated short circuit protection.
451.3.10.14 Provide color coding for the junction boxes for the branches of the essential electrical system.
451.3.10.15 Duplex receptacles for general use shall be installed approximately 50 feet (15 240 mm) apart in all general purpose corridors and within 25 feet (7620 mm) of ends of corridors.
451.3.11 Nurses' calling system.
451.3.11.1 Wired or wireless type nurse call systems shall be permitted if they have been tested and approved by a national recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet the requirements of UL 1069, 7th edition published October 12, 2007 as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code. All wireless systems shall be tested and approved by a national recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet the requirements of Section 49, Wireless Systems of UL 1069, 7th edition as referenced in Chapter 35 of this code. All nurse call systems whether wired or wireless shall be supervised in accordance with the requirements of UL 1069, 7th edition for wired and wireless nurse call systems and tested and approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) to meet those requirements.
451.3.11.2 In facilities which contain more than eight recovery beds, or where recovery beds are not in view from the nurse's station, a nurses' calling system shall be provided. Each recovery bed shall be provided with a call button. Two call buttons serving adjacent beds may be served by one calling station. Call shall activate a visual and audible signal at the nurses' station and in the clean workroom and soiled workroom. Call shall also activate a corridor dome light located at each patient recovery position.
451.3.11.3 A nurses' call emergency system shall be provided at each patient toilet and dressing room. Activation shall be by a pull cord conveniently located for patient use. This system will activate distinct audible and visual signals in the recovery room nurses' station and in the surgical suite nurses' station. The emergency call system shall be designed so that signal light activation will remain lighted until turned off at patient's calling station.
451.3.11.4 A corridor dome light shall be located directly outside of any patient use area that is equipped with a nurse call system.
451.3.12 Fire alarm systems.
451.3.12.1 A fire alarm annunciator panel shall be provided per facility or building within the Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) at a location that is constantly attended during the facility's hours of operation and shall annunciate any fire alarm in the building from any manual or automatic fire alarm device. The panel shall indicate the zone of actuation of the alarm, and there shall be a trouble signal indicator. (4375 handout)
451.3.12.2 A shared building fire alarm system shall be permitted.
451.3.12.3 Each smoke compartment shall be
annunciated as a separate fire alarm zone. A fire alarm system zone shall not
include rooms or spaces in other smoke compartments and shall be limited to a
maximum area of 22,500 square feet (2090 m2). [4435]
451.3.13 Emergency Electrical Service. (Reference The Guidelines for other requirements.)
451.3.13.1 A Type 1 essential electrical system shall be provided in ambulatory surgical centers as described in NFPA 99, Health Care Facilities. The emergency power for this system shall meet the requirements of a Level 1, Type 10, Class 8 generator as described in NFPA 110, Emergency Standby Power Systems.
451.3.13.2 In new construction, the normal main service equipment shall be separated from the emergency distribution equipment by locating it in a separate room. Transfer switches shall be considered emergency distribution equipment for this purpose.
451.3.13.3 The generator remote annunciator shall be located in a location that is staffed during the hours of operation of the ambulatory surgical center.
451.3.13.4 Switches for critical branch lighting shall be totally separate from normal switching. The devices or cover plates shall be of a distinctive color. Critical branch switches may be adjacent to normal switches. Switches for life safety lighting are not permitted except as required for dusk-to-dawn automatic control of exterior lighting fixtures.
451.3.13.5 There shall be selected life safety lighting provided at a minimum of 1 footcandle (10 lux) and designed for automatic dusk-to-dawn operation along the travel paths from the exits to the public way or to safe areas located a minimum of 30 feet (9.144 m) from the building.
451.3.13.6 A minimum of one elevator serving any patient treatment floor shall be in compliance with Section 451.3.5 of this code and shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electric system and arranged for manual or automatic operation during loss of normal power.
421.3.13.7 If a day tank is provided, it shall be equipped with a dedicated low level fuel alarm and a manual pump. The alarm shall be located at the generator derangement panel.
421.3.13.8 Transfer switch contacts shall be of the open type and shall be accessible for inspection and replacement.
Section 452 Birthing Centers. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 422 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 452
BIRTHING CENTERS
452.1 Scope. All birthing centers shall comply with the following design and construction standards as described herein.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Agency of Health Care Administration [AHCA] Rule 59A-11, Florida Administrative Code and Chapter 383, Florida Statutes.
452.2 Physical
environment, water supply and fire safety.
452.2.1 At least one birthing room shall be maintained which is adequate and appropriate to provide for the equipment, staff, supplies and emergency procedures required for the physical and emotional care of a maternal client, her support person and the newborn during labor, birth, and the recovery period.
452.2.2 The birth center shall be designed to provide adequate space for the following:
452.2.2.1 Birth rooms shall be located to provide unimpeded, rapid access to an exit of the building which will accommodate emergency transportation vehicles.
452.2.2.2 Adequate fixed or portable work surface areas shall be maintained for use in the birth room.
452.2.2.3 A separate space for a clean area and a contaminated area; if it is not feasible to provide such separate areas, special procedures shall be established for the disposal of infectious waste. Sanitary waste containers, soiled linen containers, storage cabinets and an autoclave, pressure cooker or other effective sterilization equipment shall be available.
452.2.2.4 Prenatal and postpartum examinations which will provide privacy for the patient, hand-washing facilities and the appropriate equipment for staff.
452.2.2.5 Medical record storage, client interviews, instruction and waiting rooms.
452.2.3 Toilet and bathing facilities.
452.2.3.1 A toilet and lavatory shall be maintained in the vicinity of the birth room.
452.2.3.2 Hand-washing facilities shall be in or immediately adjacent to the birth room.
452.2.3.3 A bathtub or shower shall be available for client use.
452.2.3.4 All floor surfaces, wall surfaces, water closets, lavatories, tubs, showers, shall be kept clean, and all appurtenances of the structures shall be of sound construction, properly maintained, in good repair and free from safety hazards.
452.2.4 There shall be provisions and facilities for secure storage of personal belongings and valuables of clients.
452.2.5 There shall be provisions for visual privacy for each maternal client and her support person.
452.2.6 Hallways and doors providing access and entry into the birth center and birth room shall be of adequate width and conformation to accommodate maneuvering of ambulance stretchers and wheelchairs.
452.2.7 All areas of the facility shall be well lighted and shall have light fixtures capable of providing at least 20 footcandles (200 lux) of illumination at 30 inches (762 mm) from the floor to permit observation, cleaning and maintenance. Light fixtures shall be properly maintained and kept clean.
452.2.8 All housing facilities shall have adequate ventilation and be kept free of offensive odors.
452.2.8.1 If natural ventilation is utilized, the opened window area for ventilation purposes shall be equal to one-tenth of the floor space in the residential area.
452.2.8.2 When mechanical ventilation or cooling systems are employed, the system shall be properly maintained and kept clean. Intake air ducts shall be designed and installed so that dust or filters can be readily removed. In residence areas and segregation rooms with solid doors, mechanical ventilation systems shall provide a minimum of 10 cubic feet (.3 m3) of fresh or filtered recirculated air per minute for each client occupying the area.
452.2.8.3 All toilet rooms shall be provided with direct openings to the outside or provided with mechanical ventilation to the outside.
452.2.9 Adequate heating and cooling facilities shall be provided to maintain a minimum temperature of 68°F (20°C) and maximum temperature of 78°F (26°C) at a point 20 inches (508 mm) above the floor.
452.2.10 All heating devices shall comply with fire prevention provisions found in Rule 69A-3, Fire Prevention, General Provision, Florida Administrative Code.
452.2.11 Laundry.
452.2.11.1 Where laundry facilities are provided, laundry facilities shall be of sound construction and shall be in good repair and clean. Adequate space shall be provided and areas shall be designated for the separation of clean and soiled clothing, linen and towels.
452.2.11.2 Laundry rooms shall be well lighted and properly ventilated. Clothes dryers shall be vented to the exterior.
452.2.12 Insect and rodent control. Facilities shall be kept free of all insects and rodents. All outside openings shall be effectively sealed or screened with 16 mesh screening or equivalent to prevent entry of insects or rodents.
452.2.13 Outdoor areas. Outdoor areas shall be well drained. Indoor and outdoor recreational areas shall be provided with safeguards designed for the needs of the residents.
452.2.14 Water supply.
452.2.14.1 Drinking water shall be accessible to all clients. When drinking fountains are available, the jet of the fountain shall issue from a nozzle of nonoxidizing impervious material set at an angle from the vertical. The nozzle and every other opening in the water pipe or conductor leading to the nozzle shall be above the edge of the bowl so that such nozzle or opening will not be flooded in case a drain from the bowl of the fountain becomes clogged. The end of the nozzle shall be protected by nonoxidizing guards to prevent persons using the fountain from coming into contact with the nozzle. Vertical or bubbler drinking fountains shall be replaced with approved type water fountains or be disconnected. When no approved drinking fountains are available, clients shall be provided with single service cups which shall be stored and dispensed in a manner to prevent contamination. Common drinking cups are prohibited.
452.2.14.2 Hot and cold running water under pressure and at safe temperature, not to exceed 110°F (43°C) to prevent scalding, shall be provided to all restrooms, lavatories and bathing areas.
452.2.15 Sewage disposal.
452.2.15.1 All sanitary facilities shall comply with the requirements of the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
452.2.15.2 For facilities with nine or more birth rooms, mop sinks or curbed areas with floor drains shall be available in convenient locations throughout the facility to facilitate cleaning and for the proper disposal of cleaning water.
452.2.16 Fire control. Each birth center shall provide fire protection through the elimination of fire hazards, the installation of necessary safeguards such as extinguishers and smoke alarms to insure rapid and effective fire control.
452.2.16.1 To safeguard all clients, the birth center shall have:
452.2.16.1.1 "No Smoking" signs prominently displayed in those areas where smoking is not permitted.
452.2.16.1.2 Fire regulations and evacuation route prominently posted.
452.2.16.2 The written fire control plan approved by the appropriate local fire authority shall contain provisions for prompt reporting of all fires, extinguishing fires, protection of personnel and guests, evacuation, and cooperation with fire-fighting authorities.
452.2.16.3 New centers' carpeting must comply with the maximum flame spread rating of 75 in accordance with ASTM E 84 test as required under Chapter 69A-3.012 Standards of the National Fire Protection Association Adopted, Florida Administrative Code. Those existing centers not having affirmative evidence of complying with such flame spread rating shall establish fire control measures including the prohibition of smoking in carpeted areas. Such procedures shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction.
Section 453 State Requirements for Educational Facilities. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 423 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 453
STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
453.1 Scope: Public educational facilities. Public educational facilities shall comply with the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. These are minimum standards; boards may impose more restrictive requirements. Additional requirements for public educational facilities in Florida, including public schools and public Florida colleges, are found in these standards. [3641]
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Education Rule 6-2 and Chapter 1013, Florida Statutes.
453.2 Public schools
and Florida colleges general requirements.
[3641]
453.2.1 Owner. Each school board and Florida college board of trustees is deemed to be the owner of facilities within its respective jurisdiction. Boards shall provide for enforcement of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal, including standards for health, sanitation, and others as required by law. [3641]
453.2.2 Exemption from local requirements. All public educational and ancillary plants constructed by a school board or a Florida college board are exempt from all other state, county, district, municipal, or local building codes, interpretations, building permits, and assessments of fees for building permits, ordinances, road closures, and impact fees or service availability fees as provided in Section 1013.37(1)(a), Florida Statutes. [3641]
453.3 Code
enforcement.
453.3.1 School boards and Florida college boards. Section 553.80(6), Florida Statutes, provides options for plan review services and inspections by school boards and Florida college boards. [3641]
453.3.2 Owner review and inspection. A school board or Florida college board which undertakes the construction, remodeling, renovation, lease, or lease-purchase of any educational plant or ancillary facility, or day labor project, regardless of cost or fund source, shall review construction documents as required by law in Section 1013.38, Florida Statutes, and Section 553.80(6), Florida Statutes, and shall ensure compliance with requirements of law, rule, and the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. Section 553.80(6), Florida Statutes, states that district school boards and Florida college boards shall provide for plan review and inspections for their projects. They shall use personnel certified under Part XII of Chapter 468, Florida Statutes to perform the plan reviews and inspections or use one of the options provided in Section 1013.38, Florida Statutes. Under this arrangement, school boards and Florida college boards are not subject to local government permitting, plan review, and inspection fees. [3641]
453.3.3 Local government review and inspection. As an option to the owner providing plan review and inspection services, school boards and Florida college boards may use local government code enforcement offices who will not charge fees more than the actual labor and administrative costs for the plan review and inspections. Local government code enforcement offices shall expedite permitting. Any action by local government not in compliance with Section 553.80(6), Florida Statutes, may be appealed to the Florida Building Commission, which may suspend the authority of that local government to enforce the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal on the facilities of school boards and Florida college boards. [3641]
453.3.4 Other regulatory agencies. Boards shall coordinate the planning of projects with state and regional regulatory and permitting agencies, as applicable. Other state or local agencies may inspect new construction or existing facilities when required by law; however, such inspections shall be in conformance with the code as modified by this section.
453.3.5 Day labor projects. Any one construction project estimated to cost $300,000 or less where bonafide board employees or contracted labor provide the work. Day labor projects are subject to the same Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal as new construction.
453.3.6 Routine maintenance. Maintenance
projects are subject to the same Florida Building Code and Florida Fire
Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal as new construction.
Chapter 489, Florida Statutes, exempts boards from the use of a licensed
general contractor for projects up to $300,000 where bonafide
board employees provide the work. Maintenance projects estimated to cost more
than $300,000 and which include construction, renovation and/or remodeling,
shall be reviewed for compliance with the code.[3637]
453.3.7 Certificate of occupancy. New buildings, additions, renovations, and remodeling shall not be occupied until the building has received a certificate of occupancy for compliance with codes that were in effect on the date of permit application.
453.3.8 Reuse and prototype plans shall be code updated with each new project.
453.4 Reference documents. School Boards and Florida College Boards of Trustees. In addition to complying with the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal, and other adopted standards and this section, public educational facilities and sites shall comply with applicable federal and state laws and rules. [3641]
453.4.1 Rule 6-2 [State Requirements for Educational Facilities (SREF) ]. A Florida Department of Education document which includes required design standards, standards for rehabilitation of historical resources, capital outlay project process requirements, and various agencies having jurisdiction during project planning and construction.
453.4.2 Flood Resistant Construction. Educational facilities in flood hazard areas shall comply with ASCE 24. [3880]
453.4.3 Florida statutes and state rules. Including, but not limited to, Chapters 1013, 240, 255, 468, 471, 481, 489, 553, 633, and Section 287.055, Florida Statutes, and various state rules as applicable to specific projects.
453.4.4 Accessibility requirements for children's environments. U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board.
453.4.5 Handbook for public playground safety. Playgrounds and equipment shall be designed and installed using the Handbook for Public Playground Safety by the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the ASTM/CPSC Playground Audit Guide as applicable.
453.4.6 ANSI Z53.1. American National Standard Safety Color Code for marking Physical Hazard s, is used in shops where machinery requires marking and safety zones.
453.4.7 ASCE 7. American Society of Civil Engineers.
453.4.8 Life Cycle Cost Guidelines for Materials and Buildings for Florida's Public Educational Facilities, available from the Department of Education, Bureau of Educational Facilities shall be considered.
453.5 Definitions.
453.5.1 "Assembly" occupancies are buildings or portions of buildings used for gatherings of 50 or more persons, such as auditoriums, gymnasiums, multipurpose rooms, classrooms and labs, cafeterias, stadiums, media centers and interior courtyards. Assembly occupancies include adjacent and related spaces to the main seating area, such as stages, dressing rooms, workshops, lobbies, rest rooms, locker rooms, and store rooms. School board and Florida college facilities shall follow the requirements of Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal for assembly spaces. [3641]
453.5.2 "Board" means a district school board and a Florida college board of trustees. [3641]
423.5.3 "Boiler" is a fuel-fired, heat-producing appliance with a minimum input capacity of (60,000) Btu per hour and intended to supply hot water or steam. Boilers and the inspection of boilers shall comply with the Boiler Safety Act of 1987.
453.5.4 "Certificate of occupancy" is documentation issued by an authority having jurisdiction which indicates inspection and approval of completion of a construction project pursuant to the requirements of Florida law.
453.5.5 "Courtyard" is a court or enclosure adjacent to, or surrounded by, a building(s) and/or walls.
453.5.5.1 "Exterior courtyard" is a courtyard which is not roofed, has a minimum width of 40 feet (1219 mm), and
a. has an opening a minimum width of 40 feet (1219 mm), with no obstructions, on at least one end, or
b. has fences between the buildings for security purposes, and the required exiting capacity of the courtyard is provided for by means of doors or gates from the courtyard.
An exterior courtyard may be considered exterior space and used for exiting of adjacent spaces. For an exterior courtyard with an opening between 40 feet (1219 mm) and 60 feet wide (18 288 mm), the building walls and wall openings must meet the requirements of Florida Building Code, Building Tables 601 and 602 and the maximum travel to the courtyard opening/exit shall not exceed 150 feet (45,720 mm) from any point within the courtyard. If the minimum courtyard width exceeds 60 feet (18 288 mm), the travel distance to a courtyard opening/exit may exceed 150 feet (945 720 mm).
453.5.5.2 "Enclosed courtyard" is a courtyard which is not roofed by more than 50 percent of the courtyard area and which is substantially surrounded by a building(s) on two sides or more and each opening to the exterior is less than 40 feet (1219 mm) in width. The courtyard area shall be calculated for maximum occupancy as an assembly space and the number and size of remotely located exits shall be calculated for the maximum possible load. The maximum possible load is the greater of the calculated capacity of the courtyard or the load imposed by the surrounding spaces. An enclosed courtyard may be used as a component of exit access provided that the walls and wall openings meet the requirements of Florida Building Code, Building Tables 601 and 602 and the maximum travel to the exit discharge does not exceed 150 feet (45 720 mm) from any point within the enclosed courtyard. An enclosed courtyard cannot serve as the exterior for exiting or for emergency rescue openings.
453.5.5.3 "Roofed courtyard" is a courtyard which is roofed by more than 50 percent of the courtyard area in any manner. Courtyards may be used for assembly spaces and may not be used as a component of exiting from adjacent spaces.
453.5.6 "Facility" is additionally defined as follows:
453.5.6.1 "Ancillary facility" is a building or other facility necessary to provide district-wide support services, such as an energy plant, bus garage, warehouse, maintenance building, or administrative building.
453.5.6.2 "Ancillary plant" is buildings, site, and site improvements necessary to provide district-wide vehicle maintenance, storage, building maintenance activities, or administrative functions necessary to provide support services to an educational program.
453.5.6.3 "Auxiliary facility" consists of the support spaces located at educational facilities and plants which do not contain student stations but are used by students, such as libraries, administrative offices, and cafeterias.
453.5.6.4 "Educational facility" consists of buildings and equipment, structures, and special educational use areas that are built, installed, or established to serve primarily the educational purposes and secondarily the social and recreational purposes of the community.
453.5.6.5 "Educational plant" comprises the educational facilities, site, and site improvements necessary to accommodate students, faculty, administrators, staff, and the activities of the educational program.
453.5.6.6 "Existing facility" is a facility owned, rented or leased.
453.5.6.7 "Leased facility" is a facility not owned, but contracted for use.
453.5.6.8 "Permanent facility" is a facility designed for a fixed location.
453.5.6.9 "Relocatable/portable facility" is a building which is designed with the capability of being moved to a new location.
453.5.6.10 "Modular facility" is a structure which, when combined with other modules and/or demountable roof and/or wall sections, forms a complete building. This facility may be relocatable.
453.5.7 "Maintenance and repair" is the upkeep of educational and ancillary plants including, but not limited to, roof or roofing replacement, short of complete replacement of membrane or structure; repainting of interior or exterior surfaces; resurfacing of floors; repair or replacement of glass and hardware; repair or replacement of electrical and plumbing fixtures; repair of furniture and equipment; replacement of system equipment with equivalent items meeting current code requirements providing that the equipment does not place a greater demand on utilities, structural requirements are not increased, and the equipment does not adversely affect the function of life safety systems; traffic control devices and signage; and repair or resurfacing of parking lots, roads, and walkways. Does not include new construction, remodeling, or renovation, except as noted above.
453.5.8 "New construction" is any construction of a building or unit of a building in which the entire work is new. An addition connected to an existing building is considered new construction.
453.5.9 "Open plan building" is any building which does not have corridors defined by permanent walls and is entirely open or divided by partitions which may be easily rearranged.
453.5.10 "Open plan instructional space" is an arrangement of two or more class areas with no permanent partitions or wall separations.
453.5.11 "Owner" of facilities within a respective jurisdiction consists of each school board and Florida college board of trustees is deemed to be the owner of facilities within its respective jurisdiction. [3641]
453.5.12 "Permit" for construction is documentation issued by an authority having jurisdiction which indicates approval of construction plans prepared pursuant to the requirements of Florida law.
453.5.13 "Remodeling" is the changing of existing facilities by rearrangement of space and/or change of use. Only that portion of the building being remodeled must be brought into compliance with the Florida Building Code and Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal unless the remodeling adversely impacts the existing life safety systems of the building.
453.5.14 "Renovation" is the rejuvenating or upgrading of existing facilities by installation or replacement of materials and equipment. The use and occupancy of the spaces remain the same. Only that portion of the building being renovated must be brought into compliance with the Florida Building Code and Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal unless the renovation adversely impacts the existing life safety systems of the building.
453.5.15 "Separate atmosphere" is the individual volumes of air in a building which are divided by smoke proof barriers to limit contamination of the air by smoke and fumes during a fire.
453.5.16 "Separate building" for the purpose of separate fire alarm systems or sprinkler systems is a structure separated from other buildings by 60 feet (18 288 mm) or more, or as required by other sections of this code.
453.5.17 Florida college is a public community college, public college, state college, or public junior college.
453.5.18 "Student-occupied space" is any area planned primarily for use by six or more students. [3641]
453.6 Administration
of public education projects.
453.6.1 Occupancy during construction. School board and Florida college board facilities, or portions of facilities, shall not be occupied during construction unless exits, fire detection and early warning systems, fire protection, and safety barriers are continuously maintained and clearly marked at all times. Construction on an occupied school board site shall be separated from students and staff by secure barriers. Prior to issuance of the notice to proceed, a safety plan shall be provided by the contractor which clearly delineates areas for construction, safety barriers, exits, construction traffic during the various phases of the project and when conditions change. Where heavy machinery, as is used for earth moving or scraping, is required to work on a school board's occupied site, the work shall be separated from occupants by secure double barriers with a distance of 10 feet (3048 mm) in between. New construction, remodeling or renovations in existing facilities shall not reduce the means of egress below the requirements for new buildings; safe means of egress from a student-occupied space may be accomplished as authorized by NFPA 101, Florida edition as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code. New construction (additions) shall not block or reduce safe means of egress. [3641]
453.6.2 Contractor toxic substance safety precautions. When hazardous chemicals as defined by 29 CFR 1910.1200, OSHA Hazard Communication Standard are to be used during the maintenance, renovation, remodeling, or addition to an existing facility, the contractor shall notify the administrator in writing at least three working days before any hazardous chemical is used. The notice shall indicate the name of each of the hazardous chemicals to be used, where and when they will be used, and a copy of a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for each hazardous chemical. The contractor shall comply with the safety precautions and handling instructions set forth in the MSDS. Copies of hazardous waste manifests documenting disposal shall be provided to the facility's administrator who will notify occupants of the anticipated presence of toxic substances during the maintenance, renovation, remodeling, or addition to an existing facility.
453.6.3 Flammable or explosive substances. No flammable or explosive substances or equipment shall be introduced during a remodeling or renovation project in a facility of normally low or ordinary hazard classification while the building is occupied.
453.7 Life safety.
453.7.1 Separate exits. In assembly occupancies, each required exit must exit into a separate atmosphere or to the exterior, to be considered as a separate exit.
453.7.2 Exit access. Exit access shall not be through a toilet room, storage room, or similar space, or any space subject to being locked.
453.7.3 Location of fire extinguishers and blankets. Fire extinguishers may be located inside student-occupied spaces provided they are placed adjacent to the primary exit door, and the room door remains unlocked when the facility is occupied, and a permanently affixed sign, with a red background and white letters, reading "FIRE EXTINGUISHER INSIDE" is placed on the outside adjacent to the door. Fire extinguisher cabinets shall not be locked. Fire blankets shall be located in each laboratory and each shop where a fire hazard may exist. Fire extinguishers and fire blankets shall be readily accessible and suitable for the hazard present and shall not be obstructed or obscured from view. Extinguishers and blankets shall be on hangers or brackets, shelves, or cabinets so that the top of the extinguisher or blanket is not more than 54 inches (1318 mm) above finish floor (AFF) and complies with state and federal accessibility requirements. All extinguishers shall be installed and maintained in accordance with NFPA. Extinguishers shall remain fully charged and operable at all times and have a current tag to indicate compliance.
453.7.4 Common fire alarm. Buildings within 60 feet (18 288 mm) of each other shall have a common fire alarm system. Emergency shelters shall have the fire alarm panel located in the space identified as the shelter manager's office.
453.7.5 Fire alarm sending stations. Sending stations may be located inside student-occupied spaces, adjacent to the primary exit door only if the door to the occupied space is unlocked at all times while the facility is occupied. When located inside a student occupied space, a permanently affixed sign reading "FIRE ALARM PULL STATION INSIDE" shall be placed outside that space adjacent to the door. This sign shall have a red background with white letters. Sending stations shall be mounted to meet accessibility requirements.
453.7.6 Automatic shut off. The fire alarm system shall shut off gas and fuel oil supplies which serve student-occupied spaces or pass through such spaces. The shutoff valve shall be located on the exterior at the service entrance to the building. The shutoff valve shall be of the manual reset type.
453.7.6.1 Kitchen gas supplies. Kitchen gas supplies shall be shut-off by activation of the kitchen hood fire suppression system. The shut-off valve shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations.
453.7.6.2. Emergency power. The fire alarm system shall not shut off gas supplies which serve emergency power sources.
453.7.7 Unoccupied rooms and concealed spaces. Rooms or spaces for storage, custodial closets, mechanical rooms, spaces under stages with wood structures and other unoccupied or unsupervised spaces in a building shall have automatic fire alarm system detector devices installed. Any concealed space with exposed materials having a flame spread rating greater than Class A, including crawl spaces under floors, interstitial spaces between ceiling and floor or roof above and attic spaces, shall be equipped with heat detector devices. Smoke and heat detector devices shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 72.
453.7.7.1 Fully sprinklered buildings. In fully sprinklered buildings, fire alarm detection devices are not required except where specified in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
453.7.8 Boiler rooms. Each boiler room shall be separated from the remainder of the building by one hour fire rated construction or shall be separate from other buildings by 60 feet (18 288 mm), and shall have an out-swinging door opening directly to the exterior. A fire door swinging into the boiler room shall also be provided for any opening into the interior of the building. There shall be no opening into any corridor or area designed for use by students.
453.8 General
requirements for new construction, additions, renovation, and remodeling.
453.8.1 Codes and standards. Educational facilities owned by school boards and Florida college boards shall meet the construction requirements of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal, state and federal laws and rules, and this section for Florida's public educational facilities for new construction, remodeling and renovation of existing facilities. This is a minimum standard; boards may impose more restrictive safety and level of quality standards for educational, auxiliary, and ancillary facilities under their jurisdiction, provided they meet or exceed these minimum requirements. [3641]
453.8.1.1 Educational occupancy. School board educational facility projects whether owned, lease-purchased or leased shall comply with the educational occupancy and assembly occupancy portions of the above referenced codes as applicable, except where in conflict with this section. The support spaces such as media centers, administrative offices and cafeterias and kitchens located within educational facilities are not separate occupancies.
453.8.1.2 Business occupancy. Florida college board educational facility projects whether owned, lease-purchased or leased shall comply with the business occupancy and the assembly occupancy of the above referenced codes as applicable, except where in conflict with this section. [3641]
453.8.1.3 Ancillary facility. School board and Florida college board ancillary facilities such as warehouses or maintenance buildings, shall use the applicable occupancy section of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. Ancillary facilities on educational plant sites shall be separated from the educational facility as required by code. [3641]
453.8.2 Space standards. School board and Florida college board facility sizes shall use standards in the "Size of Space and Occupant Design Criteria Table" found in the Department of Education document, "State Requirements for Educational Facilities (SREF)." Exiting from occupied spaces shall comply with Table 1004.1.2 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
453.8.3 Construction type. School board and Florida college buildings including auxiliary, ancillary and vocational facilities shall comply with the following: [3641]
453.8.3.1 Noncombustible Type I, II or IV. The minimum construction type for one- and two-story public educational facilities shall be noncombustible Type I, II or IV construction or better.
453.8.3.1.1 Interior nonload-bearing wood studs or partitions shall not be used in permanent educational and auxiliary facilities or relocatable buildings.
Exception: Historic buildings to maintain the fabric of the historic character of the building.
453.8.3.2 Type I. Facilities three stories or more shall be Type I construction.
453.8.3.3 Type IV. When Type IV construction is used, wood shall be exposed and not covered by ceilings or other construction.
453.8.3.4 Exceptions to types of construction:
1. Covered walkways open on all sides may be Type V construction.
2. Single story dugouts, press boxes, concession stands, related public toilet rooms, detached covered play areas, and nonflammable storage buildings that are detached from the main educational facility by at least 60 feet (1829 mm), may be Type V construction.
453.8.4 Standards for remodeling and/or renovation projects. Portions of buildings being remodeled and/or renovated shall be brought into compliance with current required Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal as required by the plan review authority in its best judgment.
453.8.4.1 An automatic fire sprinkler system is not required in
existing educational buildings unless 50 percent of the aggregate area of the
building is being remodeled.[3690]
453.8.5 Leased facilities.
Leased facilities shall be brought into compliance with applicable occupancy
requirements of the Florida Building Code
and the Florida Fire Prevention Code
Uniform Fire Safety Standards as adopted by the State Fire Marshal
prior to occupancy.
453.8.6 Asbestos prohibited. The federal Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act, (AHERA) 40 CFR, Part 763, as revised July 1, 1995, prohibits the use of any asbestos containing materials in any public education construction project and requires certification of same by the architect of record.
453.8.7 Life cycle cost guidelines for materials and building systems. An analysis shall be included, as required by Section 1013.37(1), Florida Statutes, which evaluates building materials and systems, life cycle costs for maintenance, custodial, operating, and life expectancy against initial costs, as described in Section 1013(1)(e)4, Florida Statutes. Standards for evaluation of materials are available from the department in a publication entitled Life Cycle Cost Guidelines for materials and Building Systems for Florida's Public Educational Facilities.
453.8.8 Safe school design. School boards should design educational facilities and sites including pre-K through 12, vocational and Florida colleges to enhance security and reduce vandalism through the use of "safe school design" principles. Safe school design strategies are available from DOE/educational facilities and include but are not limited to the following: [3641]
453.8.8.1 Natural access and control of schools and campuses.
453.8.8.2 Natural surveillance of schools and campuses both from within the facility and from adjacent streets by removing obstructions or trimming shrubbery.
453.8.8.3 School and campus territorial integrity; securing courtyards, site lighting, building lighting.
453.8.8.4 Audio and motion detection systems covering ground floor doors, stairwells, offices and areas where expensive equipment is stored.
453.8.8.5 Designs which will promote the prevention of school crime and violence. Exterior architectural features which do not allow footholds or handholds on exterior walls, tamperproof doors and locks, nonbreakable glass or shelter window protection system; also landscaping and tree placement should be designed so they do not provide access to roofs by unauthorized persons. Sections of schools commonly used after hours should be separated by doors or other devices from adjacent areas to prevent unauthorized access. Install locks on roof hatches; apply slippery finishes to exterior pipes.
453.8.8.6 Exterior stairs, balconies, ramps, and upper level corridors around the perimeter of buildings should have open-type handrails or other architectural features to allow surveillance.
453.8.8.7 Open areas, such as plazas, the building's main entrance, parking lots, and bicycle compounds should be designed so they are visible by workers at workstations inside the buildings.
453.9 Structural
design.
453.9.1 Load importance factor. Structural design shall comply with code requirements and wind loads as stipulated by the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. Design shall be based on ASCE 7, with a wind speeds determined from Figure 26.5-1B.
453.10 Site
requirements.
453.10.1 Fencing. Fencing for school board educational plants shall be of a material which is nonflammable, safe, durable, and low maintenance, provides structural integrity, strength and aesthetics appropriate for the intended location. Fences shall have no jagged or sharp projections. Fence heights shall be in compliance with local zoning regulations. Access shall be provided for maintenance machinery. Prohibited materials for nonagricultural educational plants include razor wire, barbed wire and electrically charged systems.
453.10.1.1 Required locations. Fencing is required to separate students from potential harm, and shall be provided in the following locations:
453.10.1.1.1 Kindergarten through grade 12. Exposed mechanical, plumbing, gas, or electrical equipment located on ground level.
453.10.1.1.2 Kindergarten through grade 5. Special hazards as identified by the authority having jurisdiction including retention ponds whose permanent water depth or whose water depth over a 24-hour period exceeds 1 foot (305 mm), deep drainage ditches, canals, highways, and play fields adjacent to roadways.
453.10.1.1.3 Kindergarten through grade 12. All child care and kindergarten play areas.
453.10.2 Walks, roads, drives, and parking areas. Walks, roads, drives, and parking areas on educational and ancillary sites shall be paved. Roads, drives, and parking areas shall be in compliance with Department of Transportation (DOT) road specifications and striped in compliance with DOT paint specifications. All paved areas shall have positive drainage.
453.10.2.1 Covered walks. All buildings in K-12 educational facilities shall be connected by paved walks and accessible under continuous roof cover. New relocatable classroom buildings shall be connected to permanent buildings by paved covered walks where applicable. Roofs for covered walks shall extend 1 foot (305 mm) beyond each side of the designated walkway width. Gutters or other water funneling devices shall prevent storm water from pouring onto or draining across walks.
453.10.2.2 Accessible walks and bridges. Accessible walks shall connect building entrance(s) to accessible parking, public transportation stops, public streets, sidewalks, loading and drop-off zones, and other facilities within the site as required by the accessibility standards. School board sites where educational plants are separated by highways shall be connected by overhead pedestrian bridges.
453.10.2.3 Drainage. The location of all drains, grates, drop inlets, catch basins, other drainage elements and curb cuts shall be out of the main flow of pedestrian traffic.
453.10.2.4 Vertical drops. Walls, railings, or other physical barriers which are at least a minimum 12 inches (305 mm) in height, shall define and protect any vertical drop between joining or abutting surfaces of more than 6 inches (152 mm) but less than 18 inches (457 mm) in height. Any vertical drop of 18 inches (457 mm) or more shall be protected by a wall or guardrail a minimum of 42 inches (1067 mm) in height.
453.10.2.5 Roads and streets. Educational and ancillary site access shall consist of a primary road and another means of access to be used in the event the primary road is blocked. Stabilized wide shoulders of the primary road, unobstructed by landscaping, planters, light fixtures, poles, benches, etc., which allow a third lane of traffic, may satisfy the requirement for the other means of access. Driveways shall not completely encircle a school plant, to allow student access to play areas without crossing roads; vehicular and pedestrian traffic shall not cross each other on the site; bus driveways and parent pick-up areas shall be separated.
453.10.2.6 Bus drives. Bus drives on educational sites shall be designed so that buses do not have to back up. The minimum width shall be 24 feet (7315 mm) for two-lane traffic. The turning radius on educational and ancillary sites and for turning off public access streets shall be as follows: one-way traffic, 60 feet (18 288 mm) minimum measured to the outside curb or edge of the traffic lane; two-way traffic, 60 feet (18 288 mm) minimum measured to the centerline of the road.
453.10.2.7 Vehicle parking areas. Vehicle parking areas shall comply with minimum parking space requirements in this section. Except for parking space requirements to meet federal and state accessibility laws, where alternate transportation or parking arrangements are available the parking area requirements may be reduced from these standards if sufficient justification documentation is provided and if the review authority approves the reduction based on the justification. Over- flow parking areas may utilize alternative parking surfaces which facilitate water absorption rather than runoff when approved for use by the review authority. This requirement usually applies to a percentage of the parking spaces, not all of them.
Exception: Accessible parking spaces shall be hard surface.
453.10.2.8 Minimum parking requirements.
453.10.2.8.1 Faculty and staff. One space for each member.
453.10.2.8.2 Visitors. One space for every 100 students.
453.10.2.8.3 Community clinics where provided. Ten spaces, including one accessible space.
453.10.2.8.4 High schools. One space for every 10 students in grades 11 and 12.
453.10.2.8.5 Vocational schools. One space for every two students.
453.10.2.8.6 Florida colleges. One space for every two students. [3641]
453.10.2.8.7 Accessible parking.
Parking spaces designated for persons with disabilities shall comply with
the ADA, Florida Building Code, Accessibility, and Section
316.1955, Florida Statutes. [SP4687]
453.10.3 Site lighting required. Design, construction, and installation of exterior security lighting for educational and ancillary facilities shall be provided for:
453.10.3.1 Auto, bus, and service drives and loading areas.
453.10.3.2 Parking areas.
453.10.3.3 Building perimeter.
453.10.3.4 Covered and connector walks between buildings and between buildings and parking.
453.10.3.5 Lighting for parking areas. Parking area lighting standards shall be designed to withstand appropriate wind loads. Parking areas shall be illuminated to an average maintained horizontal footcandle, measured at the surface as follows:
453.10.3.5.1 Parking areas-1 footcandle (10 lux).
453.10.3.5.2 Covered and connector walks-1 footcandle (10 lux).
453.10.3.5.3 Entrances/exits -2 footcandles (20 lux).
453.10.3.6 Building exteriors. Building exteriors, perimeters, and entrances may be illuminated to the minimum number of footcandles, measured at the surface with a suggested uniformity ratio of 2:1 as follows:
453.10.3.6.1 Entrances-5 footcandles (50 lux).
453.10.3.6.2 Building surrounds-1 footcandle (10 lux).
453.10.3.7 Shielding. Exterior lighting shall be shielded from adjacent properties.
453.10.4 Building setbacks. Building setbacks from the property line, including relocatables, shall, at a minimum, be 25 feet (7620 mm) or shall comply with local setback requirements if less than 25 feet (7620 mm).
453.10.5 School board playgrounds, equipment, and athletic fields. Playgrounds, equipment, and athletic fields shall be accessible, compatible with the educational facility served and shall comply with the following:
453.10.5.1 Kindergarten play areas shall be separated from other play areas, fenced, and shall be directly accessed from the kindergarten classrooms.
453.10.5.2 Playgrounds and equipment shall be designed and installed using the Handbook for Public Playground Safety by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, and the ASTM/CPSC Playground Audit Guide as applicable, resulting in facilities which are safe, structurally sound, verminproof, and do not have jagged or sharp projections.
453.10.5.3 Direct access from the school buildings shall be provided to play areas and athletic fields without crossing public roads, on-site traffic lanes, and parking lots.
453.10.5.4 Related facilities such as toilets, concessions, storage, shower and locker rooms, bleachers, press boxes, observation platforms, scoreboards, and dugouts shall be designed to meet code requirements and the occupant capacity anticipated for the program.
453.10.5.5 Playgrounds shall be evenly graded and sloped to provide surface drainage.
453.10.6 Exterior signage. All permanent and free-standing exterior signs shall be designed to withstand appropriate wind loads. Illuminated signs shall comply with the electrical and installation requirements of the Florida Building Code and Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal.
453.10.6.1 Site signage shall not create visual barriers at entrances, sidewalks, roads or road intersections.
453.10.6.2 Accessible routes, including parking, building directories, building identification, and accessible entrances shall be marked by exterior signage in conformance with federal and state accessibility laws.
453.10.7 Landscaping. Refer to Section 1013.64(5), Florida Statutes, for school board and Florida college requirements. Xeriscape is defined in Section 373.185, Florida Statutes. [3641]
453.10.8 Water irrigation systems. Water irrigation systems shall be equipped with soil moisture sensors that will override the irrigation systems cycle when soil contains sufficient moisture.
453.10.9 Transmission line right-of-way. Buildings, play areas, and common use areas shall not be located within a high-voltage power transmission line right-of-way.
453.10.10 School site
master plan. New
schools planned after the effective date of these standards shall include, as
applicable: facility design capacity; floodplain locations; covered accessible
walks; infrastructure locations for, and extensions of, technology, telephone,
electricity, fire alarm; and, where applicable, water and sewer utilities, and relocatables. [3635]
453.11 Wood: fire-retardant treated wood (FRTW). FRTW shall not be used in permanent educational facilities.
Exception: Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides, may be used in roof structures of noncombustible Type II ancillary facilities as allowed by the Florida Building Code, but only under the following conditions:
453.11.1 Fire-retardant treated wood. All FRTW must meet the requirements of Section 2303.2.
453.11.2 Inspection access panels shall be provided for annual inspection of the condition of the structure and the connectors.
453.11.3 Evidence of compliance shall be provided.
453.12 Roofing.
453.12.1 Class A materials. All roofing materials shall be labeled Class A per ASTM E108 and shall be certified by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory. All roofing systems shall be installed within the limitations of the test procedure for surfacing, deck cross slope, and combustibility.
453.12.2 Insulation and moisture protection. Insulation, moisture protection, roofing, thermal requirements, fire-proofing and firestopping shall be designed and constructed in compliance with the Florida Building Code and Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. Cellulose insulation may only be used if it is treated with fire-retardant borate based chemicals; the contractor shall retain bag labels on site for review by building inspector.
453.12.3 Phased installation prohibited. All new installed materials shall be sealed from moisture penetration at the end of each day. The contractor shall provide the architect/engineer (A/E) of record a "final statement of compliance" for the board.
453.12.4 Manufacturer's one-year inspection. The roof shall be inspected by the manufacturer's representative within one year of acceptance by the board.
423.13 Doors and
windows.
423.13.1 Doors. All spaces with an occupant load of six or more students, regardless of use, shall have a door opening directly to the exterior, or as required in the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal, in buildings of three stories or less shall have a rescue window opening directly to the exterior, or shall be fully sprinklered. All doors and gates from spaces with an occupant load of six or more students, regardless of use or location, shall swing in the direction of exit travel, shall be of the side hinged type, and shall always be operable from the inside by a single operation and without a key.
453.13.1.1 Doors for steam rooms, locker rooms, shower rooms and group toilet rooms shall swing in the direction of exit travel, and shall always be operable for exiting from the inside.
453.13.1.2 No mirrors, draperies, curtains, equipment, furnishings, decorations, or other objects which may confuse, obstruct, or conceal the exit or the direction of exit shall be placed to obstruct a means of egress.
453.13.2 Recessed. Doors when fully opened shall not extend into the required exit width of corridors, except for door thickness and required hardware. Doors may either be recessed and hinged to swing 90 degrees, or if flush with corridor wall shall contain a view panel and be hinged to swing 180 degrees.
453.13.3 Special function doors. Special function doors, including balanced doors and overhead doors, shall not be used in a means of egress.
453.13.4 Overhead and sliding security grilles. Security grilles shall have an adjacent side-hinged door swinging in the direction of exit and readily opened from the inside.
453.13.5 Gates. Gates used to secure buildings or used for egress shall be side-hinged and readily opened from the side from which egress is to be made without the use of a key or special tool, or shall have a adjacent side hinged door, or doors as required for occupant load, swinging in the direction of exit and readily opened from the inside without a key.
453.13.6 Hardware. Doors and gates shall be equipped with hardware which will allow egress at all times without assistance. No padlock, chain, hasp, lock, deadbolt, or other device shall be installed at any time on any door used for exiting. Doors which by code require closers and other doors subject to wind exposure shall be equipped with closers to prevent slamming and uncontrolled opening. All doors opening into smoke-tight exit access corridors shall be self-closing or automatic closing. Smoke doors in walls used to divide corridors into separate atmospheres shall be provided with push-pull plates and are not required to have positive latching. As an exception to Section 1008.1.8.6, delayed egress locks may be used in media centers, alternative education centers, and exceptional student education centers. Delayed egress locks are prohibited at time-out rooms at all locations.
453.13.7 Safety glazing: Panels and storefronts. In addition to the requirements of Section 2406.4, the following is considered a hazardous location and requires safety glazing: Glazed panels within 48 inches (1219 mm) of a door, excluding transoms or vertical panels above 6 feet 8 inches (2031 mm).
453.13.7.1 All glazing in hazardous locations shall be safety glazing meeting the requirements of the Florida Building Code, Building, Section 2406.
453.13.7.2 Large glass panels shall be subdivided by a built-in horizontal member or a permanent chair rail not less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) in width, located between 24 and 36 inches (610 and 914 mm) above the floor.
453.13.8 Windows.
453.13.8.1 Natural light and ventilation. Natural light and ventilation requirements for new construction shall be satisfied by windows with operable glazing, providing a net free open area equivalent to 5 percent of the floor area, in all classrooms on the perimeter of buildings, where required by Chapter 1013, Florida Statutes. Auxiliary spaces, music rooms, gyms, locker and shower facilities, laboratories requiring special climate control, and large group instructional spaces having a capacity of more than 100 persons need not have operable windows for the purpose of providing natural light and ventilation. Emergency access, emergency rescue, and secondary means of egress windows maybe included in the calculation to comply with this requirement.
453.13.8.2 Projecting and awning windows. Projecting and awning windows shall not be located below door head height if in, or adjacent to, a corridor or walkway.
453.13.8.3 Security/storm screens or grills. If a security/storm screen or grille is installed on the outside of an emergency access, rescue or egress window assembly then that security/storm screen or grille together with the emergency rescue window assembly shall be operable from the inside by a single operation without the use of tools to allow for exit under emergency conditions. The emergency rescue window shall be identified by signage, and the release device shall be readily identifiable.
453.14 Special safety
requirements.
453.14.1 Master control switch. In addition to the regular main supply cut-off, each laboratory type space (such as biology, industrial, chemistry, physics, home economics, and electronics labs) equipped with unprotected gas cocks, compressed air valves, water or electric services which are easily accessible to students, shall have master control valves or switches with permanently attached handles, located and accessible within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the instructor's station or adjacent to the door within that space to allow for emergency cut-off of services. The cut-offs shall be in a nonlockable place and the location and operation shall be clearly labeled. Valves shall completely shut off with a one-quarter turn. Computer labs are exempted from this requirement. (Also, see "Emergency shut off switches," and "Emergency disconnects" requirements under "Electrical.")
453.14.2 Interior signage. Signage is required in educational and ancillary facilities. Design, construction, installation, and location of interior signage and graphics shall comply with the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal and the following:
453.14.2.1 Emergency rescue windows: Windows for emergency rescue shall comply with NFPA 101, Florida Edition, as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code, shall be operable from the inside by a single operation, and shall be labeled "EMERGENCY RESCUE-KEEP AREA CLEAR." Hinged emergency rescue windows shall swing in the direction of egress.
453.14.2.2 Maximum capacity signs in each space with a capacity of 50 or more occupants. The signs shall be mounted adjacent to the main entrance door.
453.14.2.3 Room name, room number and, if different, FISH inventory numbers shall be provided for each space.
453.14.2.4 A graphic diagram of primary and emergency evacuation routes shall be posted adjacent to the primary exit door from each space occupied by six or more students. The diagram shall clearly indicate, by contrasting color and number, each route of evacuation.
453.14.2.5 Signs necessary to meet accessibility requirements shall be provided.
453.14.2.6 Hazardous work and storage areas shall be identified by appropriate caution signs.
453.14.3 Other potential hazards. Pipes, ductwork, fans, light fixtures, window projections, protruding sharp corners, or other potential hazards shall not be installed below 6 feet 8 inches (2031 mm) AFF. Audio/visual aids in classrooms may be mounted below 6 feet 8 inches (2031 mm) provided they are marked and padded in accordance with accepted safety standards or have permanent cabinets installed below them.
453.14.4 Storage shelving. Shelving shall not have sharp corners, splinters, or any construction feature that would be hazardous to the occupants. Shelving shall be constructed to carry the loads imposed. Shelving in science, labs, and shop storage rooms, and other places which may contain hazardous materials shall have a 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) lip on the front edge of each shelf and shall be constructed of noncorrosive material.
453.14.5 Vertical platform lifts and inclined wheelchair lifts. The following standards are in addition to the other requirements of the Florida Building Code, Florida law, and federal requirements:
453.14.5.1 Lifts shall not reduce the width of required means of egress.
453.14.5.2 Lifts shall have shielding devices to protect users from the machinery or other hazards and obstructions.
453.14.5.3 Lifts shall be key operated for attendant operation in all facilities housing kindergarten to grade 8.
453.14.5.4 Inclined wheelchair lifts may be installed in facilities provided:
453.14.5.4.1 The platform is equipped with bidirectional ramp sensing to stop travel if obstructions are encountered.
453.14.5.4.2 Guide rails are smooth and continuous with no sharp edges or obstructions, all drive system components contain safety features for protection of users, and cables and pulling devices are shielded.
453.14.6 Color code machinery. Working machinery with component parts shall be color-coded per ANSI Z53.1, American National Standard Safety Color Code for marking Physical Hazards. Safety zone lines shall be marked on the floor areas surrounding working machinery.
453.14.7 Anchor equipment. All equipment designed to be permanently mounted shall be securely anchored to its supporting surface.
453.14.8 Interior finishes.
453.14.8.1 Floors. Floors in instructional spaces shall be covered with resilient material or carpet. Floors in gymnasium locker rooms, showers, drying areas, toilet rooms, kitchens, scullerys, food storage areas and can wash areas shall be impervious.
453.14.8.2 Walls. Walls in kitchens, scullerys, can wash areas, shower rooms shall be impervious to a height of at least 6 feet (1829 mm) above the floor. Toilet and shower partitions shall be impervious.
453.14.8.3 Ceilings. Ceilings in group toilet rooms, kitchens, scullerys, can wash areas, showers and locker rooms shall be impervious.
453.15 Mechanical.
453.15.1 Gas and fluid piping.
453.15.1.1 Flammable liquids/gases. Piping systems for flammable liquids or gases shall not be installed in interior corridors or stairwells.
Exception: Piping may be located within corridors provided that they are enclosed in a minimum 1-hour fire-rated enclosure.
453.15.1.2 Piping systems. Piping (fluid system) shall not be run where students can access the pipes, or in areas such as on roofs where they can be damaged by routine or periodic maintenance activities.
453.15.1.3 Main supply valve. The main supply cut-offs for flammable liquids or gases shall shut down upon activation of the fire alarm system. Refer to the automatic shutoff requirements of Section 453.7.6.
453.15.2 Air plenums. Corridors shall not be used as a supply, return, exhaust, relief, or ventilation air plenum. The space between the corridor ceiling and the floor or roof structure above, if used as a plenum, shall be constructed with the ceiling, floor and walls as a minimum 1-hour fire-rated assembly or as a 1-hour fire-rated horizontal wall supported by the corridor walls.
Exception: A smoke-tight corridor with a solid ceiling may be used in a fully sprinklered building.
453.15.3 Residential equipment. In home economics instructional spaces, faculty lounges, and similar areas where small residential-type ranges are installed for staff use or student education, residential-type hoods mechanically exhausted to the outside shall be used. Hood fire suppression systems are not required to be installed.
453.15.4 Toilet room ventilation. Toilet rooms shall be continuously ventilated during building occupancy.
Exception: Individual toilet rooms shall be ventilated continuously during building occupancy or ventilation shall turn off with the light switch and run for at least 10 minutes after the light has been turned off.
453.15.5 Ventilation air make-up for HVAC systems. Where peak occupancies of less than 3 hours duration occur, the outdoor air flow may be determined on the basis of average occupancy for school buildings for the duration of operation of the air-conditioning system, provided the average occupancy used is not less than one-half the maximum.
453.16 Plumbing.
453.16.1 Standards. Educational and ancillary facilities shall be provided with toilets, hand washing facilities, and drinking fountains for all occupants, in ratios and accessible as required by the Florida Building Code, Florida law, and federal requirements.
Exception: Unisex toilets shall not be provided in addition to group toilets in assembly occupancies.
453.16.1.1 Assembly occupancies. Toilet facilities for assembly occupancies (i.e. media centers, gymnasums, cafetoriums, and auditoriums) are not required to be in addition to the overall required plumbing fixture count.
453.16.1.2 Location. Student toilets shall be distributed throughout the facility and located on each floor for convenient access and continuous supervision. The path of travel to the nearest toilet facility shall not exceed a distance of 200 feet.
453.16.2 Teacher toilets. In school board facilities, faculty and staff toilets shall be separate from student toilets.
Exception: Separation of faculty/staff and student toilet facilities is not required for Florida colleges. [3641]
453.16.3 Public shelter. Refer to the public shelter design criteria of Section 453.25.
453.16.4 Urinals. Trough urinals shall not be installed in any location.
453.16.5 Floor drains and hose bibbs. All group toilet rooms shall be provided with at least one floor drain and one easily accessible hose bibb. The floor shall be sloped down to the drain. Stall urinals shall not serve as the required floor drains.
453.16.6 Exterior Entries. Exterior entries to toilet rooms shall have outward swinging doors.
453.16.7 Hot water. When hot water is supplied to showers, handwash sinks, lavatories in toilet rooms, a mixing valve shall be installed to control the temperature which shall not exceed 110°F (43°C).
453.16.8 Delayed closing valves. Water supply at toilet room lavatories shall be controlled by delayed-closing valves.
453.16.9 Shower facilities. Showers shall be provided only where required by the district's educational program and, where provided, shall utilize energy saving concepts for hot water as required by Section 1013.44(2), Florida Statutes. When provided, shower areas shall comply with the following:
453.16.9.1 Floor finish shall be slip resistant.
453.16.9.2 A master control valve shall be provided to control the shower heads. Showers shall be equipped with flow control devices to limit total flow to a maximum of 3 gpm (-19 L/s) per shower head.
453.16.10 Kitchens. Kitchens and food service areas shall be provided with toilet and hand washing facilities for employees as required by code, state rule and statute.
453.16.10.1 Toilet rooms shall be completely enclosed, have self-closing doors, and shall open into vestibules with self-closing doors. Toilet rooms shall not open directly into food preparation areas, serving areas, or dining areas. A minimum of one water closet and one lavatory, with hot and cold water, shall be provided in each staff toilet.
423.16.10.2 Floor drains. Floor drains shall be provided in the food serving area, kitchen area, scullery, garbage and rubbish rooms, and can wash area.
453.16.11 Dousing shower and eye wash. Every science room, lab, or shop where instructors and students handle materials or chemicals potentially dangerous to human tissue shall be provided with a dousing shower and eye wash for emergency use, including a floor drain.
453.16.12 Floor drains and plumbing fixtures in equipment rooms. No floor drain or other plumbing fixture shall be installed in a room containing air handling machinery when such room is used as a plenum. When rooms are used as a plenum, equipment drains shall be conveyed through an indirect waste receptor located outside such rooms or other approved point of disposal.
453.17 Electrical.
453.17.1 Emergency lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided at internal and external means of egress, in student-occupied areas, in group toilets, and main electrical rooms.
453.17.2 Electrical rooms and closets. Main service panels and switches, electrical distribution panels, cabinets, and rooms shall be lockable and not readily accessible to teachers or students.
453.17.3 Spare capacity. Lighting and power panels shall be provided with a minimum of 20-percent spare breakers and a minimum of 10-percent spare capacity in all main panels and switchboards.
453.17.4 Emergency shutoff switches. Every laboratory space which has electrical receptacles at student workstations shall have an emergency shutoff switch within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the instructor's workstation. The emergency shut off switch shall be operable by a single motion and shall interrupt power to all receptacles in the room.
Exception: Emergency shutoff switches are not required in computer laboratories.
453.17.5 Emergency disconnect. Each space equipped with electrically powered machinery accessible to students shall have a minimum of two master emergency disconnect switches at convenient locations within the space to shutoff all power tool outlets, power to student accessible machines and receptacles in the shop. One emergency shutoff or disconnect switch shall be located near the machinery and one emergency shutoff or disconnect switch shall be located in the instructor's office if there is a clear view of the entire shop area, others may be required and located as determined by the authority having jurisdiction. The emergency disconnect or shutoff switch shall be operable by a single motion.
Exception: Ordinary office machines, computers, sewing machines, potter's wheels, residential cooking equipment in home economics labs and other nonhazardous machines do not require emergency disconnect devices.
453.17.6 Sauna and steam rooms. A "panic" switch to deactivate power to heating equipment shall be provided inside sauna and steam rooms. The panic switch shall also be tied into an alarm or other approved warning device in a supervised space in the area of the sauna and/or steam room. The operation of the switch shall be labeled to indicate the intended function.
423.17.7 Lightning. All facilities in high lightning risk areas shall be evaluated using the Risk Assessment Guide in NFPA 780 and other standards which address lightning protection, and shall be protected accordingly.
423.17.8 Ground fault interrupter (GFI) receptacles. GFI receptacles shall be installed as required by NFPA 70 of Chapter 27 and in the following locations:
1. All elementary special needs classroom receptacles.
2. All building entry vestibule receptacles.
3. All mechanical, boiler and electrical rooms receptacles.
423.18 Assembly occupancies in public educational facilities.
453.18.1 Occupant capacity for egress shall be in accordance with Table 1004.1.1 except as follows::
453.18.1.1 Dressing Rooms. Dressing rooms at 20 net square feet (2 m2) per person.
453.18.1.2 Gymnasium. The number of fixed
and telescopic bench-type bleacher seats plus
the main court area at 15 gross square feet (1.4 m2) per person,
plus locker rooms at 5 net square feet (.5 m2) per person.
453.18.1.3 Classrooms and labs. If spaces are combined through the use of folding partitions, the capacity and exiting shall be based on the capacity of all the spaces joined.
453.18.1.4 Small Group Areas in Media Centers. Small group room or area (view and preview) in Media Centers at 5 net square feet (.5 m2) per person.
453.18.1.5 Closed circuit television production, distribution, and control. The main floor area at 15 net square feet (1.4 m2) per person.
453.18.1.6 Interior courtyards. The interior courtyard area at 15 gross square feet (1.4 m2) per person. Raised, dedicated landscape areas may be deducted. [3636]
453.19 Shade and
green houses.
453.19.1 General. Shade/green houses shall be of Type I or II construction (metal frame) capable of withstanding the appropriate wind load.
453.19.2 Unrestricted exiting. The location of the shade/green house shall not hinder exiting from new and/or existing structures.
453.19.3 Required doors. A minimum of two doors remotely located shall be provided. Doors shall be side hinged and shall swing in the direction of egress.
453.19.4 Accessibility. Green houses shall meet accessibility requirements. The accessible walkway shall be connected to doors leading to an accessible route to the permanent structure.
453.19.5 Shade cloth. Shade cloth shall be tear-away fabric securely fastened to the structural frame.
453.19.6 Fire extinguisher. A minimum of one Type 2A-10B:C fire extinguisher shall be provided per shade/green house.
453.19.7 Fire alarm. Fire alarm pull stations shall be located within 200 feet (60 960 mm) of any shade or green house. Fire alarm horns mounted on a permanent building must be audible inside the shade/green house.
453.19.8 Space heaters. Space heaters, when provided, shall be mounted at least 6 feet 8 inches (2031 mm) AFF.
453.20 Storage.
453.20.1 General storage. Storage rooms and closets shall not be located over or under exit stairs and ramps whether interior or exterior. General storage space(s) shall be included in every educational facility for the bulk storage of materials, supplies, equipment, and books. Storage rooms shall be separated from mechanical and electrical spaces. Storage spaces shall be mechanically ventilated and conditioned as appropriate for the type of materials to be stored. Sinks located in general storage rooms shall not be used for custodial services.
453.20.2 Custodial work areas and storage. Provide custodial work areas with well supported shelving for supplies, cleaning, and sanitation materials and an office area including male/female lockers and toilet facilities.
453.20.3 Custodial closets and storage. Custodial closets shall be provided with storage shelving and a service sink supplied with both hot and cold water. They shall be located to serve each instructional floor and wing regardless of floor area, and other areas such as stage, kitchen, gym, auditorium, clinic, offices and shops. The travel distance to the nearest custodial closet shall not exceed 150 feet.
453.20.4 Chemical and hazardous materials storage. In addition to the requirements of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal for separation and protection, chemical and hazardous storage facilities shall also include:
453.20.4.1 Chemical storage. Doors shall be lockable from the outside and operable at all times from the inside. Rooms shall be well illuminated. Cabinets shall have shelves with a 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) lip on the front and shall be constructed of noncorrosive material. [3641]
453.20.4.2 Hazardous materials storage. Buildings and/or rooms used for the storage, handling and disposal of flammable, poisonous, or hazardous materials or liquids, and equipment powered by internal combustion engines and their fuels shall be separated from adjacent spaces by 1-hour fire-rated assemblies. These requirements also apply to completely detached buildings within 60 feet (18 288 mm) of student-occupied facilities. Doors shall have a C Label and open directly to the exterior. Storage buildings and/or rooms shall be mechanically ventilated. Electrical fixtures, switches, heat detectors and outlets installed in flammable storage rooms shall be explosionproof.
453.21 Child care/day
care/prekindergarten facilities.
453.21.1 Child care/day care/prekindergarten facilities located on board-owned property shall comply with Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal and the specific criteria in this section. Child care/day care/pre-kindergarten facilities requiring a license from another agency may also be required to comply with additional construction requirements imposed by that agency.
453.21.2 Toilet facilities shall meet accessibility requirements and should open into the instructional space. The toilet may be used by both sexes and shall contain a water closet, lavatory and related accessories.
453.21.3 If child care facilities are provided with a bathing area, it shall be within or adjacent to the child care area and shall contain either a shower with hand-held sprayer or a tub. The water temperature shall be controlled by a mixing valve and shall not exceed 110°F (43°C).
453.21.4 Toilet facilities shall have a non-slip impervious floor and 6-foot (1829 mm) impervious wainscot.
453.21.5 Drinking fountain(s) shall be provided for the children and be within close proximity of the child care facility.
453.21.6 A towel and soap dispenser shall be provided at each sink. Hand wash areas for adults shall be provided with warm water; the water temperature shall be controlled by a mixing valve and shall not exceed 110°F (43°C). All electrical receptacles shall be placed out of reach of the children.
453.21.7 When provided, a residential-type kitchen shall include a nonslip floor, a refrigerator, a residential range, a residential-type range hood mechanically exhausted to the outside, and a fire extinguisher located within 15 feet (457 mm) of the range within the same room.
453.21.8 Areas designated for children's sleeping mats, cots or cribs shall include a clearly marked exit passageway.
453.21.9 The child care facility shall not contain any storage of cleaning agents, chemicals, or other hazardous materials in student accessible areas.
453.21.10 Outdoor play areas shall be provided and shall be protected from access to streets or other dangers. The play area shall be fenced or walled to a minimum height of 4 feet (1219 mm) and any latches on maintenance gates shall be secured or beyond the reach of the children.
453.21.11 Shade shall be provided in the play area (a covered play area may be provided).
453.21.12 Play equipment shall be firmly anchored, free of sharp corners or pointed surfaces, and shall have cushioning surfaces such as mats or sand beneath.
453.21.13 The grounds shall be free of undergrowth or harmful plant material.
453.22 Clinics.
453.22.1 Clinics in kindergarten through grade 12 (K-12), vocational-technical centers (VTC), and full service schools shall comply with the general criteria found in the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal, as well as the specific criteria found herein. Clinics shall be located and equipped to provide emergency aid to students. Closets and storage cabinets used for medications and bandages shall have locks, and shall be designed to be under constant supervision.
453.22.2 School clinics shall include locked storage, toilet room and shower, and bed space.
453.22.3 Sanitary facilities are required as follows:
453.22.3.1 Elementary school clinics, including kindergarten, shall include at a minimum one accessible toilet room, to serve male and female students, complete with a water closet, lavatory, accessible shower, changing table, and accessories.
453.22.3.2 Secondary and VTC school clinics shall include two accessible toilet rooms complete with water closet, lavatory, accessories and shower.
453.22.3.3 Toilet rooms in clinics shall include both hot and cold water at the showers and all lavatories. The water temperature shall be controlled by a mixing valve and shall not exceed 110°F (43°C).
453.22.3.4 Toilet rooms shall have exhaust fans vented to the exterior.
453.22.3.5 A working counter top with lavatory/sink and hot water shall be provided in each clinic.
453.22.4 The bed area shall be designed to maintain constant visual supervision from the office. Space for student beds shall be provided in each clinic at 50 square feet (5 m2) per bed. Space for beds in secondary and VTC schools shall be equally divided for male and female students. Beds shall be provided based on student capacity in the following ratios:
453.22.4.1 Up to 500 students–three beds.
453.22.4.2 501 to 1,000 students–four beds.
453.22.4.3 1,001 to 2,000 students–five beds.
453.22.4.4 Over 2,000–six beds.
453.22.5 Full-service school health clinics.
453.22.5.1 Location. Clinics shall be located to provide a direct accessible route from the exterior and from the interior or by a connecting covered walk.
453.22.5.2 Parking. Clinics shall be provided with 10 designated parking spaces immediately adjacent to the clinic, one of which shall be accessible to persons with disabilities.
453.22.5.3 Sanitary facilities. Sanitary facilities are required as follows:
453.22.5.3.1 Full-service school clinics shall include one accessible toilet room for males and one for females, complete with water closet, lavatory, accessories, and shower. Additional toilets may be required for a full-service school clinic depending on occupant load and program.
453.22.5.3.2 Hot and cold water shall be provided at the showers and lavatories. The water temperature shall be controlled by a mixing valve and shall not exceed 110°F (43°C).
453.22.5.3.3 Toilet rooms shall have exhaust fans vented to the exterior.
453.22.5.3.4 A nurses' station shall be provided with a working counter with lavatory/sink and be located so as to maintain visual supervision of the bed area.
453.22.5.4 Locked storage rooms shall be provided for a refrigerator, files, equipment, and supplies.
453.22.5.5 Data outlets shall be provided for computer hook-ups and computer networking and additional electric outlets shall be provided for hearing and vision testing machines.
453.23 Kilns. Kilns shall not be located near or adjacent to paths of egress or exit and shall be placed in separate rooms when serving students through grade 3. Kiln rooms shall be provided with appropriate smoke/heat detectors connected to the fire alarm system.
423.24 Open plan schools. An open plan building or portion of a building may be subdivided into smaller areas by use of low partitions [maximum 5 feet high (1524 mm)], movable partitions, or movable furnishing, which by location and type do not hinder or obstruct the ability of persons in one area of the plan to be immediately aware of an emergency condition in any other area of the plan. Corridors shall be identified with different color or type of flooring materials, by permanent low partitions or by other means to prevent blockage of the path of egress to exits by partitions or furniture. When open plan schools are partitioned, the work shall conform to the code requirements for new construction. Demountable or movable partitions in open plan classroom areas shall be a maximum of 5 feet (1524 mm) in height and shall terminate a minimum of 5 feet (1524 mm) from any permanent wall. All circulation openings in open plan areas shall be a minimum of 5 feet (1524 mm) wide. Movable furnishings shall not exceed 5 feet (1524 mm) in height and shall have a stable base.
453.25 Public shelter
design criteria.
453.25.1 New facilities.
New educational facilities for school boards and Florida college boards, unless
specifically exempted by the board with the written concurrence of the
applicable local emergency management agency or the Florida
Division of Emergency Management (DEM) Department
of Community Affairs (DCA), shall have appropriate areas designed as
enhanced hurricane protection areas (EHPAs) in compliance with this section. [3641]
Exception: Facilities located, or proposed to be located, in a Category 1, 2, or 3 evacuation zone shall not be subject to these requirements.
453.25.1.1 Enhanced hurricane protection areas (EHPA). The EHPA areas shall provide emergency shelter and protection for people for a period of up to 8 hours during a hurricane.
453.25.1.1.1 The EHPA criteria apply only to the specific portions
of (K-12) and Florida college educational facilities that are designated as
EHPAs. [3641]
453.25.1.2 The EHPAs and related spaces shall serve the primary educational or auxiliary use during non-shelter occupancy.
453.25.2 Site. Factors such as low evacuation demand, size, location,
accessibility and storm surge may be considered by the board, with written
concurrence of the local emergency management agency or the DEM DCA,
in exempting a particular facility.
453.25.2.1 Emergency access. EHPAs shall have at least one route for
emergency vehicle access. The emergency route shall be above the 100-year
floodplain. This requirement may be waived by the board, with concurrence of
the local emergency management agency or the DEM DCA.
453.25.2.2 Landscaping. Landscaping around the EHPAs shall be designed to preserve safety and emergency access. Trees shall not conflict with the functioning of overhead or underground utility lines, or cause laydown or impact hazard to the building envelope.
453.25.2.3 Parking. During an emergency condition, vehicle parking shall be prohibited within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of an EHPA. Designated EHPA parking areas may be unpaved.
453.25.2.4 Signage. Floor plans of the facility, indicating EHPAs, shall be mounted in the emergency manager's office/area.
453.25.3 Design. EHPAs may be above or below ground and may have
more than one story, provided the design satisfies the wind load and missile
impact criteria. Modular and open-plan buildings may serve as EHPAs
provided the design satisfies the wind load and missile impact criteria.
453.25.3.1 Excluded spaces. Spaces such as mechanical and electrical rooms, storage rooms, open corridors, kitchens, science rooms and labs, vocational shop areas and labs, computer rooms, attic and crawl spaces shall not be used as EHPAs.
453.25.3.2 Capacity. Fifty percent of the net square feet of a designated educational facility shall be constructed as EHPAs. The net square feet shall be determined by subtracting from the gross square feet those spaces, such as mechanical and electrical rooms, storage rooms, open corridors, kitchens, science rooms and labs, vocational shop areas and labs, computer rooms, attic and crawl spaces that shall not be used as EHPAs. The board, with concurrence of the applicable local emergency management agency or DCA, may adjust this requirement if it is determined to be in its best interest. The capacity of an EHPA shall be calculated at 20 square feet (2 m2) per occupant (adults and children five years or older).
453.25.3.3 Toilets. Toilet and hand washing facilities should be located within the EHPAs and provided at one toilet and one sink per 40 occupants. These required toilet and hand-washing facilities are not in addition to those required for normal school occupancy and shall be included in the overall facility fixture count.
453.25.3.3.1 Support systems for the toilets, e.g., bladders, portable toilets, water storage tanks, etc., shall be capable of supplying water and containing waste, for the designed capacity of the EHPAs.
453.25.3.3.2 Plumbing and valve systems of "normal" toilets within the EHPAs may be designed for conversion to emergency operation to meet the required demand.
453.25.3.4 Food service. Where feasible, include counter tops for food distribution functions in the EHPAs.
453.25.3.5 Manager's office. An administration office normally used by a school administrator shall be identified as the EHPA manager's office and shall be located within the EHPA. The office shall have provisions for standby power, lighting, communications, main fire alarm control panel and storage for the manager's equipment.
453.25.4 Structural standard for wind loads. At a minimum, EHPAs
shall be designed for wind loads in accordance with ASCE 7, Minimum Design
Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, Risk Category IV (Essential
Buildings) . Openings shall withstand the impact of wind-borne debris missiles
in accordance with the impact and cyclic loading criteria per ASTM E-1886, and,
ASTM E-1996 or SBC/SSTD 12. Based on a research document, Emergency
Shelter Design Criteria for Educational Facilities, by the University of
Florida for the DOE, it is highly recommended by the department that the
shelter be designed using the map wind speed plus 40 mph. [SP4665]
453.25.4.1 Missile impact criteria.
The building enclosure, including walls, roofs, glazed openings, louvers and
doors, shall not be perforated or penetrated by a flying object. For walls and
roofs, the missile criteria are is as provided in ASTM E-1886 and ASTM
E-1996 or SBC/SSTD 12. [4238 A3] [SP4664]
453.25.4.1.1 Materials used for walls, roofs, windows, louvers, and doors shall be certified for resistance to missile impact criteria.
453.25.4.1.2 The glazed openings or permanent protective systems over glazed openings shall be designed for cyclic loading.
453.25.4.2 Roofs. Roof decks shall be cast-in-place 4-inch (102 mm) or more, normal weight concrete. Concrete decks shall be waterproof. Systems other than cast-in-place concrete shall have adequate bearing, anchorage against wind uplift, diaphragm action, and resistance to rain that are equivalent to a cast-in-place system.
Exception: Structural precast concrete roofs, composite metal decks with normal weight concrete roofs, or other systems and materials that meet the wind load and missile impact criteria may be used.
423.25.4.2.1 Light weight concrete or insulating concrete may be used on roof decks of EHPAs provided the roof decks are at least 4-inch (102 mm) cast-in-place normal weight concrete or other structural systems of equivalent strength.
453.25.4.2.2 Roof openings (e.g., HVAC fans, ducts, skylights) shall be designed to meet the wind load and missile impact criteria.
453.25.4.2.3 Roof coverings shall be specified and designed according to the latest ASTM and Factory Mutual Standards for materials and wind uplift forces. Roofs shall be inspected by a licensed engineer/architect and a representative of the roofing manufacturer.
453.25.4.2.4 Roofs shall have adequate slope and drains sized for normal
use and shall have emergency overflow scuppers.
4253.25.4.2.5 Parapets shall satisfy the wind load and missile impact criteria; roof overhangs shall resist uplift forces.
453.25.4.3 Windows. All unprotected window assemblies and their anchoring systems shall be designed and installed to meet the wind load and missile impact criteria.
453.25.4.3.1 Windows may be provided with permanent protective systems, provided the protective system is designed and installed to meet the wind load and missile impact criteria and completely covers the window assembly and anchoring system.
453.25.4.3.2 EHPAs shall have mechanical ventilation systems. Ventilation shall be provided at a minimum rate of 2 cfm per square foot of EHPA floor area. The mechanical ventilation system shall be connected to the EHPA's emergency power.
453.25.4.4 Doors. All exterior and interior doors subject to possible wind exposure and/or missile impact shall have doors, frames, anchoring devices, and vision panels designed and installed to resist the wind load and missile impact criteria or such doors, frames, anchoring devices, and vision panels shall be covered with permanent protective systems designed and installed to resist the wind load and missile impact criteria.
453.25.4.5 Exterior envelope. The exterior envelope, louvers over air intakes and vents, and gooseneck type intakes and vents of EHPAs shall be designed and installed to meet the wind load and missile impact criteria.
453.25.4.5.1 HVAC equipment mounted on roofs and anchoring systems shall be designed and installed to meet the wind load criteria.
453.25.4.5.2 Roof mounted HVAC equipment shall have a 12-inch-high (305 mm) curb around the roof opening and be designed to prevent the entry of rain water.
453.25.4.6 Foundations and floor slabs. Foundations shall be designed to resist all appropriate loads and load combinations, including overturning moments due to wind. The floor elevation and necessary life safety and other emergency support systems of EHPAs shall be elevated above the maximum storm surge inundation elevation associated with a Category 4 hurricane event. Storm surge elevations shall be identified by the most current edition of the regional Sea Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) studies and atlases.
453.25.5 Electrical and standby emergency power system. The EHPA shall be provided with a standby emergency electrical power system, per Chapter 27, NFPA 70 Articles 700 and 701, which shall have the capability of being connected to a backup generator or other optional power source. Where economically feasible, an equivalent photovoltaic system may be provided. The EHPA's emergency systems includes, but are not limited to: (1) an emergency lighting system, (2) illuminated exit signs, (3) fire protection system(s), alarm (campus wide) and sprinkler, and (4) minimum ventilation for health/safety purposes. The fire alarm panel shall be located in the EHPA manager's office. A remote annunciator panel shall be located in or adjacent to the school administrator's office. When generators are installed, the facility housing the generator, permanent or portable, shall be an enclosed area designed to protect the generators from wind and missile impact. Air intakes and exhausts shall be designed and installed to meet the wind load and missile impact criteria. Generators hardened by the manufacturer to withstand the area's design wind and missile impact criteria shall be exempt from the enclosed area criteria requirement.
453.25.5.1 EHPA lighting. Emergency lighting shall be provided within the EHPA area, EHPA manager's office, toilet rooms, main electrical room and generator spaces and shall be at least 10 footcandles (100 lux) of general illumination, which can be reduced to ½ footcandle (5 lux) in the sleeping areas during the night.
453.25.5.2 Optional standby circuits. Additional nonlife safety systems, as defined by Chapter 27, NFPA 70 Article 702 (optional standby circuits), may be supplied power, if available, by the Standby Emergency Power System. These systems shall be connected to the Standby Emergency Power System via an electrical subpanel to the Standby Electrical Power System's main electrical panel. This will allow selective or total load shedding of power if required. The fire alarm, emergency lighting and illuminated exit signs throughout the entire campus shall receive first priority to power provided by the Standby Emergency Power System per Chapter 27, NFPA 70 Article 700. The systems listed are not all encompassing but are in order of priority. Local officials may request additional non-life safety systems they deem necessary for health, welfare and safety of the public during occupancy:
1. Remainder of the school's campus security lighting (building and site).
2. Additional ventilation systems within the EHPA, including heat.
3. Intercom system.
4. Food storage equipment.
5. Additional electric receptacles, other than those required by Section 453.25.5.3.
453.25.5.3 Receptacle outlets. A minimum of four electrical outlets, served with power from the standby circuits, shall be provided in the EHPA manager's office.
453.25.6 Inspections. EHPAs shall be considered "threshold buildings" in accordance with Section 553.71(7), Florida Statutes, and shall comply with Sections 553.79(5), 553.79(7), and 553.79(8), Florida Statutes.
453.25.6.1 Construction of EHPAs shall be inspected during the construction process by certified building code inspectors or the design architect/engineer(s) certified pursuant to Part XII Chapter 468, Florida Statutes and threshold inspectors for compliance with applicable rules and laws.
453.25.6.2 The emergency electrical systems shall be inspected during the construction process by certified electrical inspector or Florida-registered professional engineers certified pursuant to Part XII Chapter 468, Florida Statutes, skilled in electrical design.
453.25.6.3 EHPAs shall be inspected and recertified for compliance with the structural requirements of this section every five years by a Florida-registered professional engineer skilled in structural design. If any structural system, as specified in this section, is damaged or replaced, the recertification shall be obtained prior to the beginning of the next hurricane season.
453.25.6.4 All shutter systems, roofs, overflow scuppers, and structural systems of EHPAs shall be inspected and maintained annually prior to hurricane season and after a major event. All emergency generators shall be inspected under load conditions including activation of the fire alarms, emergency lights as per applicable equipment codes and NFPA standards, and including mechanical systems and receptacles connected to the emergency power.
453.26 Time-out
rooms.
453.26.1 Locking an individual inside a space without a means of opening the door from within that space is contrary to the exiting philosophy of the Florida Building Code and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal for educational facilities. The educational program which requires containment of the out-of-control student can be accommodated within this context only if the following are met:
453.26.2 Electromagnetic locking device. When a time-out room is to be locked, an electromagnetic locking device may be used and shall have the following features:
453.26.2.1 The lock shall remain engaged only when a push button mounted outside the time-out room adjacent to the door frame is continuously depressed by hand. Upon release of pressure, the door shall unlock. The locking device shall be designed so that it cannot be engaged by leverage of an inanimate object or in any other manner except by constant human contact.
453.26.2.2 The push button, or similar device, shall be recessed from the face of the unit housing, or in some other way designed to prevent taping or wedging the button in the engaged mode.
453.26.2.3 The device shall have an interface relay with the fire alarm system and shall automatically release upon activation of the fire alarm.
453.26.2.4 The locking device shall automatically disengage in the event of a power failure.
453.26.2.5 Timers shall not be used on the locking device.
453.26.3 Door requirements. The door shall have only a push plate exposed on the interior of the room.
453.26.3.1 The door shall swing out of the room and shall be equipped with a fully concealed track type closer.
453.26.3.2 A vision panel shall be provided in the door, and it shall be no larger than 144 square inches (.1 m2). The view panel shall consist of a clear 1/4-inch-thick (6 mm) unbreakable plastic panel flush with the inside face of the door on the inside of the room. The panel shall be positioned in the door so that a staff member may continuously keep the student under surveillance.
453.26.3.3 The door frame and jamb/head reveal on the inside shall be minimal. If provided, a flat metal threshold shall be used.
453.26.4 Finishes. The floor and walls shall be durable, vandal-resistant materials. The ceiling shall be of a solid and moisture-resistant material. There shall be no projections or protrusions from the walls, ceiling, or floor. All surfaces shall be smooth and no electrical outlets, switches, plumbing clean-outs or similar items shall be inside the room. The room shall not contain anything that can be set on fire, torn, shredded or otherwise used for self-harm.
453.26.5 Minimum size. The room shall be designed for a single occupant only and shall be a minimum of 6 feet by 6 feet (1828 mm by 1828 mm).
453.26.6 Lighting. The room shall have a recessed vandalproof light fixture in the ceiling capable of being dimmed. The light switch shall be located outside the room adjacent to the door jamb.
453.26.7 HVAC required. Time-out rooms shall be mechanically heated and cooled. Registers shall be ceiling mounted and vandalproof.
453.27 New relocatable buildings.
453.27.1 Relocatables. The terms "relocatable" and "portable" are
interchangeable and both terms are used to describe buildings which are
constructed to the same building codes as permanent public school buildings,
except they are designed to be moved. These buildings may be manufactured in a
plant, constructed on site, may be made of demountable components, and may be
combined. All new relocatable or portable classrooms
shall be designed and constructed in compliance with the Florida Building Code, the Florida
Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal and the Department
of Business and Professional Regulation Community Affairs rules
for factory-built school buildings (see Section 428). The requirements for new relocatables contained herein are in addition to the
minimum requirements of the Florida
Building Code and the Florida Fire
Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal. New relocatables which do not comply with the building codes,
fire codes and these standards shall not be used as classrooms or for any other
student occupancy. For code requirements and other standards applicable to relocatables constructed prior to this code, which may be
Type V (wood) relocatables, see Existing Relocatables, Volume 1, Section 5(2), State Requirements
for Educational Facilities as referenced in the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal.
453.27.1.1 Factory-built school shelter means any site-assembled or factory-built school building that is designed to be portable, relocatable, demountable or reconstructable and that complies with the provisions for enhanced hurricane protection areas, as required by the applicable code (see Section 453.25).
453.27.2 Design, plan approval, construction. Regardless of cost or fund source, whether used for classroom, auxiliary or ancillary space, whether leased, purchased, contracted, or constructed by the school board or Florida college board, plans and documents for relocatables, portables and modular schools shall be prepared by Florida registered design professionals and submitted to the authority having jurisdiction for review and approval for compliance with Florida laws, rules, building and life safety codes. The buildings shall be constructed and inspected by personnel licensed, certified or trained as required by Florida construction industry licensing laws. [3641]
453.27.2.1 District-wide foundation plans. District-wide foundation plans for tie down and wind resistance for each type of relocatable and each type of known soil condition in the district, shall be prepared and reviewed at the time of the design and shall be required as a part of the approval of any relocatable. These documents shall be kept on file in the district, with an additional copy in each relocatable filed together with current annual local fire inspection reports, as required by law. The foundation plans shall be reviewed and updated when necessary for compliance with current code for subsequent installations of the relocatable. Relocatables which do not meet the requirements of code for tie down and wind resistance shall not be occupied.
453.27.2.2 DOT Requirements. Relocatable units designed to be moved on state roads shall comply with the maximum unit height, length and width requirements of the DOT.
453.27.2.3 Inventory/construction date signage. A FISH inventory room number and the date of construction shall be noted on an inventory sign permanently affixed outside, beside or above the door, on all relocatables owned or leased by a district.
453.27.3 Construction type. All new relocatables constructed, purchased or otherwise acquired by a board shall be noncombustible Type I, II or IV construction.
453.27.4 Accessibility. All relocatables
constructed, purchased or otherwise acquired by a board after the effective
date of these standards shall comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act
as modified by Chapter 553, Florida
Statutes, Florida Building Code
Accessibility. Relocatables intended for use at
facilities housing up to grades 5 or 6, shall also conform to the federal
criteria Accessibility Standards for Children's Environments, which is
available from the U.S. Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance
Board. [SP4688]
453.27.5 Site standards/site plan. Relocatables placed on educational plant sites shall comply with federal and state laws and rules relating to the placement of structures on sites, as well as building code, fire code site requirements.
453.27.5.1 Floodplain. Compliance with floodplain standards is required for the initial and subsequent installation of public educational relocatable units. The finished floor shall be 12 inches (305 mm) above base flood elevation, the structure shall be designed to meet the Florida Building Code and anchored to resist buoyant forces.
453.27.5.2 Covered walks and technology. New relocatables and "modular schools" acquired by a board which are intended for long term use, shall be connected from exit door to the core facilities by accessible covered walkways, and shall contain wiring and computer technologies which connect to the facility's technology, communications and fire alarms infrastructure.
Exceptions:
1. Covered walks and public address systems are not required Florida college facilities. [3641]
2. Temporary relocatables constructed after the date of this standard shall meet all construction requirements of this code, except that covered walks may be installed. The term "temporary relocatable" means relocatables which are used for less than three years to provide temporary housing while permanent replacement classrooms and related facilities are under construction, renovation or remodeling. The term "temporary relocatable" does not apply to relocatables which have been located on a school site for more than two years and used for classrooms or for student occupancy, where there is no identifiable permanent facility which is under construction, being remodeled, or renovated to house the students.
453.27.5.3 Separation of units. Type I, II or IV, (noncombustible) relocatable units shall be separated as required by the Florida Building Code and the school site plan.
453.27.6 Structure. Relocatable structures shall be positively anchored and designed to comply with Florida Building Code requirements.
453.27.7 Fire-retardant-treated wood (FRTW). Only FRTW which does not contain ammonium phosphates, sulfates, or halides may be used in the roof structure of Type II construction, as authorized by other sections of the Florida Building Code. FRTW shall comply with the specific requirements found elsewhere in these public educational facilities requirements. Contractors shall provide evidence of compliance to inspectors. Inspection access panels shall be provided to facilitate initial and annual inspections for general condition assessment of FRTW and connectors.
453.27.8 Doors. Exit doors shall swing in the direction of exit travel.
453.27.8.1 Classroom locksets. Each door shall be equipped with a lockset, which is readily opened from the side from which egress is to be made at all times, a threshold, heavy duty hinges, and closer to control door closing. Each door shall have a view panel, with minimum dimensions of 8 inches by 42 inches (1067 mm) and a maximum of 1,296 square inches (.84 m2), of ¼ inch (6 mm) tempered or safety glass installed with the bottom edge of the panel at 30 inches (762 mm) AFF. Each exterior door shall be protected from the elements by a roof overhang.
453.27.8.2 Roofed platform. All exterior doors shall open onto a minimum 5 foot by 5 foot (1524 mm by 1524 mm) roofed platform with handrails, which is level with the interior floor.
453.27.9 Operable windows. Classrooms shall have operable windows equal to at least 5 percent of the floor area of the unit where required by Section 1013.44, Florida Statutes. Exterior doors may be included in computing the required 5 percent. Awning, casement, or projecting windows shall not be placed in walls with adjacent walks, ramps, steps or platforms.
453.27.9.1 Rescue. Windows for emergency rescue shall comply with NFPA 101, Florida edition as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code, shall be operable from the inside by a single operation and shall be labeled "EMERGENCY RESCUE–KEEP AREA CLEAR."
453.27.10 Finishes. Finishes in relocatable units shall comply with the following:
453.27.10.1 Interior walls and ceilings. Interior wall and ceiling finishes in classrooms and other student use spaces shall be Class A or B as defined in NFPA 101, Florida edition as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Corridor finishes shall be Class A. Formaldehyde levels shall not exceed the minimum HUD standards for manufactured housing.
453.27.10.2 Floors. Floors shall be covered with resilient material, carpet, or other finished product. Carpet in classrooms shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer as passing the Radiant Panel Test Class II. Carpet in corridors shall be tested and certified by the manufacturer as passing the Radiant Panel Test Class I.
453.27.10.3 Toilet rooms, showers and bathing facilities. Partitions and walls separating group toilet rooms shall be extended to the bottom of the roof deck.
453.27.10.3.1 Toilet room floors and base shall be finished with impervious nonslip materials. Toilet room walls shall be finished with impervious materials which shall be extended to a minimum height of 6 feet (1828 mm).
453.27.10.3.2 Ceilings shall be of solid-type moisture-resistant materials.
453.27.11 Fire extinguishers. At least one appropriate fire extinguisher shall be provided in each relocatable classroom unit and in each classroom of a multiclassroom building.
453.27.12 Document storage. Provision shall be made to secure foundation plans and to post the annual fire inspection report within each relocatable unit.
453.27.13 Time-out rooms. Time-out rooms are not recommended but, when provided, shall comply with the specific requirements for time-out rooms found elsewhere in these public educational facilities code requirements.
453.27.14 Child care/day care units. Standard classroom units intended to house birth to age 3 children, including Teenage Parent Programs (TAP), shall meet the additional criteria under the title of Child Care/Day Care/Prekindergarten Facilities for permanent buildings contained in these public educational facilities requirements, as well as the following:
453.27.14.1 All TAP spaces where residential kitchens are provided shall have two doors exiting directly to the outside and remotely located from each other. Areas designated for children's sleeping mats, cots or cribs, shall have a clearly marked exit passageway.
453.27.15 Illumination required. Illumination in classroom units shall be designed to provide an average maintained 50 footcandles (500 lux) at desk top.
453.27.15.1 Emergency lighting. Each classroom unit shall be equipped with emergency lighting.
453.27.15.2 Exterior lighting. Exterior lighting shall be provided as required elsewhere in these public educational facilities code requirements.
453.27.15.3 Exit lighting. Exit lights shall be provided as required by the Florida Fire Prevention Code adopted by the State Fire Marshal.
453.27.16 Air conditioning, heating and ventilation. Relocatable facilities shall meet Florida Building Code requirements.
453.27.17 Technology. Relocatables shall contain wiring and computer technology appropriate for the programs to be housed.
453.27.18 Fire safety requirements. New relocatables shall be provided with fire alarm devices meeting the code requirements for permanent educational facilities and shall be connected to the facility's main fire alarm system as required by code.
453.27.19 Inspection of units during construction. Boards shall provide for the inspection of relocatables during construction, as required by the Florida Building Code, as authorized by statute.
453.27.20 Inspection of units prior to occupancy. Prior to occupancy new relocatables shall be inspected and approved for compliance to the Florida Building Code. New units shall have foundation plans provided and secured, in the relocatable along with the local fire inspector report. Certification of such inspection shall remain on file with the district. Inventory/date of construction signage shall be affixed to the relocatable. Where FRTW is used inspection access panels shall be provided and within easy reach to facilitate inspection for general condition assessment of FRTW and connectors.
Section 454 Swimming Pools and Bathing Places (Public and Private). Add Florida specific requirements from Section 424 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 454
SWIMMING POOLS AND BATHING PLACES (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE)
454.1 Public swimming pools and bathing places. Public swimming pools and bathing places shall comply with the design and construction standards of this section.
454.1.1 Flood hazard areas. Public swimming pools installed in flood hazard areas established in Section 1612.3 shall comply with Section 1612. [3880]
NOTE: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Health (DOH) Rule 64E-9, Florida Administrative Code and Chapter 514, Florida Statutes.
"Bathing load" means the maximum number of persons allowed in the pool or bathing place at one time.
"Collector tank" means a reservoir, with a minimum of 2.25 square feet water (0.2 m2) surface area open to the atmosphere, from which the recirculation or feature pump takes suction, which receives the gravity flow from the main drain line and surface overflow system or feature water source line, and that is cleanable.
"Department" means Department of Health.
"Effective barrier" A barrier which consists of a building, or equivalent structure, plus a 48-inch (1219 mm) minimum height fence on the remaining sides or a continuous 48-inch (1219 mm) minimum height fence. All access through the barrier must have one or more of the following safety features: alarm, key lock or self-locking doors and gates. Safety covers that comply with the American Society for Test Materials standard F1346-91 (2003) may also be considered as an effective barrier.
"D.E." is the Diatomaceous Earth that is used as a filter aid in D.E.-type filters. For the purpose of this rule, it also includes alternative filter aids that have been approved under NSF/ANSI Standard 50-2007, and accepted by the filter manufacturer.
"Interactive water features" means a structure designed to allow for recreational activities with recirculated, filtered, and treated water; but having minimal standing water. Water from the interactive fountain type features is collected by gravity below grade in a collector tank or sump. The water is filtered, disinfected and then pumped to the feature spray discharge heads.
"Modification" means any act which changes or alters the original characteristics of the pool as approved. For example, changes in the recirculation systems, decking, treatment systems, disinfection system and pool shape are modifications.
"Marking" or "Markings" refers to the placement and installation of visual marking cues to help patrons identify step, bench and swimout outlines, slope break location, depth designations and NO ENTRY and NO DIVING warnings. When markings are specified by code to be dark the term "dark" shall mean a Munsell Color Value from zero to four.
"Perimeter overflow gutter" means a level trough or ledge around the inside perimeter of the pool containing drains to clean the pool water surface.
"Plunge pool" means the receiving body of water located at the terminus of a recreational water slide.
"Pool floor" means the interior pool bottom surface which consists of that area from a horizontal plane up to a maximum of a 45-degree slope.
"Pool wall" means the interior pool side surfaces which consist of that area from a vertical plane to a 45-degree slope.
"Pool turnover" means the circulation of the entire pool volume through the filter system. Pool volume shall be determined from the design water level which is the normal operating water level; for gutter-type pools it is the horizontal plane of the upper lip of the gutter and for skimmer pools it is the centerline of the skimmer opening.
"Precoat pot" means a container with a valved connection to the suction side of the recirculation pump of a pressure diatomaceous earth (D.E.) type filter system used for coating the filter with D. E. powder or NSF/ANSI Standard 50-2007 and manufacturer approved substitute filter aid.
A "public swimming pool" or "public pool" means a watertight structure of concrete, masonry, or other approved materials which is located either indoors or outdoors, used for bathing or swimming by humans, and filled with a filtered and disinfected water supply, together with buildings, appurtenances, and equipment used in connection therewith. A public swimming pool or public pool shall mean a conventional pool, spa-type pool, wading pool, special purpose pool, or water recreation attraction, to which admission may be gained with or without payment of a fee and includes, but is not limited to, pools operated by or serving camps, churches, cities, counties, day care centers, group home facilities for eight or more clients, health spas, institutions, parks, state agencies, schools, subdivisions, or the cooperative living-type projects of five or more living units, such as apartments, boardinghouses, hotels, mobile home parks, motels, recreational vehicle parks, and townhouses. The term does not include a swimming pool located on the grounds of a private residence.
"Recirculation system" means the system of piping and mechanics designed to remove the water from the pool then filter, disinfect and return it to the pool.
"Slip resistant" means having a textured surface which is not conducive to slipping under contact of bare feet unlike glazed tile or masonry terrazzo and nontextured plastic materials. manufactured surface products shall be designated by the manufacturer as suitable for walking surfaces in wet areas.
"Spa pool" means a pool used in conjunction with high-velocity air or water.
"Special purpose pool" means a public pool used exclusively for a specific, supervised purpose, including springboard or platform diving training, SCUBA diving instruction, and aquatic programs for persons with disabilities, preschool or kindergarten children.
"Swimming pool slide" is a slide designed by its manufacturer to discharge over the sidewall of a swimming pool.
"Swim spa" is a pool used in conjunction with a directional flow of water against which one swims.
"Wading pool" means a shallow pool designed to be used by children.
"Water recreation attraction" means a facility with design and operational features that provide patron recreational activity and purposefully involves immersion of the body partially or totally in the water. Water recreation attractions include water slides, river rides, water course rides, water activity pools, interactive water features, wave pools and any additional pool within the boundaries of the attraction.
"Water activity pool" means a water recreation attraction which has water-related activities such as rope ladders, rope swings, cargo nets and other similar activities.
"Water slides" means a water recreation attraction ride which is characterized by having trough-like or tubular flumes or chutes.
"Water Theme Park" means a complex with controlled access, a fenced and gated attraction where guests enter through a limited number of entrances upon purchase of a ticket. These facilities are permanent and consist of multiple water recreation attractions. Lifeguards are present during all operating hours.
"Water therapy facilities," as that term is used in Section 514.0115, Item 1, Florida Statutes, are pools used exclusively for water therapy to treat a diagnosed injury, illness or medical condition, wherin the therapy is provided under the direct supervision of a Florida licensed physical therapist, occupational therapist or athletic trainer; pursuant to prescription by a physician or a physician's assistant (PA) licensed pursuant to Chapters 458 or 459, Florida Statutes, a podiatrist licensed pursuant to Chapter 461, Florida Statutes., or an advanced registered nurse practitioner (ARNP) licensed pursuant to Chapter 464, Florida Statutes; and the prescribing physician, PA, podiatrist or ARNP authorizes a plan of treatment justifying use of the pool for health care purposes.
"Wade pool" means a water recreation attraction ride which is characterized by having trough-like or tubular flumes or chutes.
"Wave pool" means a water recreation attraction that is characterized by wave action.
"Wet deck area" means the 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) unobstructed pool deck area around the outside of the pool water perimeter, curb, ladders, handrails, diving boards, diving towers, or pool slides, waterfalls, water features, starting blocks, planters or lifeguard chairs.
"Zero depth entry pool" means a pool where the pool floor continues to slope upward to a point where it meets the surface of the water and the pool deck.
454.1.1 Sizing. The bathing load for conventional swimming pools, wading pools, interactive water features, water activity pools less than 24 inches (610 mm) deep and special purpose pools shall be computed on the basis of one person per 5 gpm (.32 L/s) of recirculation flow. The bathing load for spa type pools shall be based on one person per each 10 square feet (.9 m2) of surface area. The filtration system for swimming pools shall be capable of meeting all other requirements of these rules while providing a flowrate of at least 1 gpm (.06 L/s) for each living unit at transient facilities and 3/4 gpm (.04 L/s) at nontransient facilities. Recreational vehicle sites, campsites and boat slips designated for live-aboards shall be considered a transient living unit. For properties with multiple pools, this requirement includes the cumulative total gpm of all swimming pools, excluding spas, wading pools and interactive water features. All other types of projects shall be sized according to the anticipated bathing load and proposed uses. For the purpose of determining minimum pool size only, the pool turnover period used cannot be less than 3 hours.
454.1.2 Swimming pool construction standards.
454.1.2.1 Pool structure. Pools shall be constructed of concrete or other impervious and structurally rigid material. All pools shall be watertight, free from structural cracks and shall have a nontoxic smooth and slip-resistant finish. All materials shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications unless such specifications violate Chapter 64E-9, Florida Administrative Code, rule requirements or the approval criteria of NSF/ANSI Standard 50 or NSF/ANSI Standard 60.
(a) Floors and walls shall be white or pastel in color and shall have the characteristics of reflecting rather than absorbing light. Tile used in less than 5 feet (1524 mm) of water must be slip resistant. A minimum 4-inch (102 mm) tile line, each tile a minimum size of 1 inch (25 mm) on all sides, shall be installed at the water line, but shall not exceed 12 inches (305 mm) in height if a dark color is used. Gutter type pools may substitute 2-inch (51 mm) tile, each a minimum size of 1 inch (25 mm) on all sides, along the pool wall edge of the gutter lip.
(b) One-inch (25 mm) square tile may be used if the licensed contractor provides a signed written certification to the approving department engineer that the adhesive used on the one-inch (25 mm) square tile has a manufacturer's tested shear strength of at least 250 psi (1724 kPa) and the manufacturer has specified the adhesive for use underwater to adhere the type of tile used [vitreous (glass) or ceramic]. Tiles shall not have sharp edges exposed that could cause bather injury.
454.1.2.2 Dimensions.
454.1.2.2.1 Dimensional standards. Dimensional standards for competition type pools shall be those published by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, 1990; Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur (FINA), 1998-2000 Handbook; 1998-1999 Official Rules of Diving & Code Regulation of United States Diving Inc.; 1998 United States Swimming Rules and Regulations, and National Federation of State High School Associations, 1997-1998, which are incorporated by reference in this code.
454.1.2.2.2 Walls and corners. All pool walls shall have a clearance of 15 feet (4572 mm) perpendicular to the wall (as measured at design water level from gutter lip to gutter lip, or on skimmer pools, from vertical wall to vertical wall). Offset steps spa coves, spa pools and wading pools are exempt from this clearance requirement. Where interior steps protrude into the pool resulting in less than 15 feet (4572 mm) of clearance from any wall, such protrusion shall not exceed 6 feet (1828 mm) on any perpendicular line from a tangent to any pool wall from which the steps emanate. The upper part of pool walls in areas 5 feet deep or less shall be within 5 degrees (4572 mm) vertical for a minimum depth of 21/2feet (762 mm) from which point the wall may join the floor with a maximum radius equal to the difference between the pool depth and 21/2feet. The upper part of pool walls in areas over 5 feet deep shall be within 5 degrees vertical for a minimum depth equal to the pool water depth minus 21/2 feet (762 mm) from which point the wall may join the floor with a maximum radius of 21/2feet (762 mm). Corners shall be a minimum 90-degree angle. The corner intersections of walls which protrude or angle into the pool water area shall be rounded with a minimum radius of 2 inches (51 mm). This radius shall be continued through the top of the gutter edge; chamfering is allowed, pool coping shall not overhang into the pool more than 1 ½ inches (38 mm).
454.1.2.2.3 Pool floor slope and slope transition. The radius of curvature between the floor and walls is excluded from these requirements. multiple floor levels in pools are prohibited.
454.1.2.2.3.1 Floor slope shall be uniform. The floor slope shall be a maximum 1 unit vertical in 10 units horizontal and a minimum of 1 unit vertical in 40 units horizontal in areas 5 feet (1524 mm) deep or less. The floor slope shall be a maximum 1 unit vertical in 3 units horizontal in areas more than 5 feet (1524 mm) deep.
454.1.2.2.3.2 Any transition in floor slope shall occur at a minimum of 5 feet (1524 mm) of water depth. A slope transition must have a 2 to 6 inch (51 to 152 mm) wide dark contrasting tile marking across the bottom and must extend up both sides of the pool at the transition point. The marking shall be continuous except for recessing grouting. A slope transition must have a safety line mounted by use of recessed cup anchors, 2 feet (610 mm) before the contrasting marking, towards the shallow end. The safety line shall have visible floats at maximum 7-foot (2134 mm) intervals.
454.1.2.2.4 Pool depths. The minimum water depth shall be 3 feet (914 mm) in shallow areas and 4 feet (1219 mm) in deep areas.
454.1.2.3 Markings.
454.1.2.3.1 Depth and markings. Depth and markings shall meet the following criteria:
1. The minimum water depth shall be 3 feet (914 mm) in shallow areas and 4 feet (1219 mm) in deep areas.
2. Permanent depth markings followed by the appropriate full or abbreviated words "FEET," "FT," or "INCHES," "IN," shall be installed in minimum 4-inch-high (102 mm) numbers and letters on a contrasting background. Depth markers shall indicate the actual pool depth, within 3 inches (76 mm), at normal operating water level when measured 3 feet (914 m3) from the pool wall. Symmetrical pool designs with the deep point at the center may be allowed provided a dual marking system is used which indicates the depth at the wall and at the deep point.
3. At a minimum, the markings shall be located on both sides of the pool at the shallow end, slope break, deep end wall and deep point (if located more than five feet from the deep end wall). Depth markings shall be legible from inside the pool and also from the pool deck. The maximum perimeter distance between depth markings is 25 feet (7620 mm). Pool size and geometry may necessitate additional depth marking placements about all sides of the pool to meet this requirement.
4. When a curb is provided, the depth markings shall be installed on the inside and outside or top of the pool curb. When a pool curb is not provided, the depth markings shall be located on the inside vertical wall at or above the water level and on the edge of the deck within 2 feet (610 mm) of the pool water. When open type gutter designs are utilized, depth markers shall be located on the back of the gutter wall.
5. When deck level perimeter overflow systems are utilized, additional depth marking signs shall be posted nearby or placed on adjacent fencing or walls and the size shall be increased so they are recognizable from inside the swimming pool. Alternatively, tile depth markers may be placed at the top of the pool wall just under the water level. Depth markers placed on the pool deck shall be within 3 feet (914 mm) of the water.
6. Those areas of the pool that are not part of an approved diving bowl shall have dark contrasting tile, 4-inch-high (102 mm) "NO DIVING" markings installed along the perimeter of the pool on the top of the pool curb or deck within 2 feet (610 mm) of the pool water with a maximum perimeter distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) between markings. A 6-inch (152 mm) tile with a 4-inch (102 mm) or larger red, international "NO DIVING" symbol may be substituted for the "NO DIVING" markings.
7. All markings shall be tile, except that pools constructed of fiberglass, thermoplastic or stainless steel may substitute other type markings when it can be shown that said markings are permanent and will not fade over time. This exemption does not extend to concrete pools that are coated with fiberglass. Tile alternative examples include stone or manufactured plaques with engraved or sandblasted numbers and characters with permanent paint. Permanent appliqués may be used for fiberglass, thermoplastics or stainless steel pools. All markings installed on horizontal surfaces shall have a slip-resistant finish. Markings shall be flush with the surrounding area where placed and recessed if necessary to provide a smooth finish that will avoid creation of an injury hazard to bathers. Pools that are not conducive to tile can employ other equivalent markings as stated above.
454.1.2.4 Color. Pool floors and walls shall be white or light pastel in color and shall have the characteristic of reflecting rather than absorbing light.
Exception: A dark color may be used if (1) a tile line [minimum 4 inches (102 mm), maximum 12 inches (305 mm)] is installed at the water line or (2) if 2-inch (51 mm) tile is installed along the pool wall edge of the gutter lip for gutter type pools.
454.1.2.5 Access. All pools shall have a means of access every 75 feet (22 860 mm) of pool perimeter with a minimum of two, located so as to serve both ends of the pool. In addition, an access point shall be provided at the deep portion, if the deep portion is not at one end of the pool. When the deep portion of the pool is over 30 feet (9144 mm) wide both sides of this area shall have a means of access. Access shall consist of ladders, stairs, recessed treads or swimouts and may be used in combination. All treads shall have a slip-resistant surface.
454.1.2.5.1 Ladders. Ladders shall be of the cross-braced type and shall be constructed of corrosion-resistant materials and be securely anchored into the pool deck. Clearance between the ladder and pool wall shall be between 3 to 6 inches (76 mm to 152 mm). Ladders shall extend at least 28 inches (711 mm) and no more than 40 inches (1016 mm) above the pool deck. Ladder bottom braces shall have intact end caps or bumpers that rest firmly against the pool wall. The top rung of the ladder shall be at or below the water level on open gutter pools and not more than 12 inches (305 mm) below the deck or curb top on all other type pools.
454.1.2.5.2 Recessed treads. Recessed treads shall be installed flush with the wall and shall be a minimum five inches wide, 10 inches (254 mm) long, with a maximum vertical distance of 12 inches (305 mm) between treads.
454.1.2.5.3 Stairs. Stairs shall have a minimum tread width of 10 inches (254 mm) and a maximum width of 48 inches (1219 mm) for a minimum tread length of 24 inches (610 mm) and a maximum riser height of 10 inches (254 mm). Treads and risers between the top and bottom treads shall be uniform to within 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in width and height. The riser heights shall be measured at the marked step edges and the differences in elevation shall be considered the riser heights. The front 3/4 to 2 inches (19.1 to 51 mm) of the tread and the top 2 inches (51 mm) of the riser shall be tile, dark in color, contrasting with the interior of the pool. Tile shall be slip resistant. Bullnose tile that is slip resistant may be used when the 3/4 inch (19 mm) segment is placed on the tread or horizontal surface and the 2-inch (51 mm) segment is placed on the riser or vertical surface. Where the gutter is used as the top step, the tile on the gutter for the width of the steps shall be slip resistant. Vinyl liner and fiberglass pools may use other material for the step edge marking, provided the material is permanent, permanently secured, dark in color, nonfading and slip resistant.
454.1.2.5.4 Swimouts. Swimouts shall extend 18 to 24 inches (610 mm) back from the pool wall, shall be 4 to 5 feet (1219 mm to 1524 mm) wide, shall be a maximum of 12 inches (305 mm) below the deck, unless stairs are provided in the swimout, and shall be located only in areas of the pool greater than 5 feet (1524 mm) deep. Pools that do not utilize a continuous perimeter overflow system must provide a wall return inlet in the swimout for circulation. A permanent dark contrasting colored band of tile shall be installed at the intersection of the pool wall and the swimout and must extend 2 inches (51 mm) on the horizontal and vertical surfaces. Tile must be slip resistant. Bullnose tile may be substituted and installed in accordance with Section 454.1.2.5.3 above.
454.1.2.5.5 Handrails and grabrails. Handrails shall be provided for all stairs, shall be anchored in the bottom step and the deck. Where "figure 4" deck-mounted type handrails are used, they shall be anchored in the deck and extend laterally to any point vertically above the bottom step. Grabrails must be mounted in the pool deck at each side of recessed steps. Handrails and grabrails shall extend between 28 and 40 inches (711 mm and 1016 mm) above the step edge and deck.
454.1.2.5.6 Disabled access. Permanent or portable steps, ramps, handrails, lifts or other devices designed to accommodate handicapped individuals in swimming pools may be provided. Lifts mounted into the pool deck shall have a minimum four-foot-wide (1219 mm) deck behind the lift mount.
454.1.2.6 Obstructions. The pool water area shall be unobstructed by any type structure unless justified by engineering design as a part of the recirculation system. Engineering design and material specifications shall show that such structures will not endanger the pool patron, can be maintained in a sanitary condition and will not create a problem for sanitary maintenance of any part of the pool, pool water, or pool facilities. Structures in accord with the above shall not be located in a diving bowl area or within 15 feet (4572 mm) of any pool wall.
Exceptions:
1. Stairs, ladders and ramps, necessary for entrance/exit from the pool are not considered obstructions.
2. Underwater seat benches may be installed in areas less than five feet (1524 mm) deep. Bench seats must be 14 to 18 inches (356 to 457 mm) wide and must have a dark contrasting tile marking on the seat edge extending two inches (51 mm) on the horizontal and vertical surface. Tile shall be slip resistant. Bullnose tile may be substituted and installed in accordance with Section 454.1.2.5.3. Vinyl liner, stainless steel and fiberglass pools may use other material for the bench edge marking as detailed in Section 454.1.2.3.1, Item 7, above, provided the material is permanently secured, dark in color, nonfading and slip resistant. Benches shall not protrude into the 15-foot (4572 mm) clearance requirement of Section 454.1.2.6.
454.1.2.7 Diving areas. Diving facilities shall meet the minimum requirements of the FINA dimensions for diving facilities in accordance with the 2005-2009 FINA Handbook and include the following
1. Diving boards or platforms with heights of less than the established standard shall meet the dimensional requirements of the next greater height.
2. Diving boards, platforms and ladders shall have a nonabsorbent, slip-resistant finish and be of sufficient strength to safely carry the anticipated loads. Diving equipment one meter and greater shall have guard rails which extend to the edge of the pool wall. All diving boards over 21 inches (533 mm) from the deck shall be provided with a ladder. Diving boards or platforms shall not be installed on curved walls where the wall enters into the defined rectangular diving area specified in this section. Adjacent platform and diving boards shall be parallel.
3. The location of pool ladders shall be such that the distance from the ladder to any point on a diving board or platform centerline is not less than the plummet to side wall dimension (b) indicated in the FINA standards. Trampoline-type diving facilities are prohibited.
4. Diving targets may be installed in accordance with FINA standards.
454.1.3 Pool appurtenances.
454.1.3.1 Decks and walkways.
454.1.3.1.1 Pool wet decks shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent material having a smooth slip-resistant finish. Wet deck area finishes shall be designed for such use and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Wooden decks and walkways are prohibited.
454.1.3.1.2 Pool wet decks shall be uniformly sloped at a minimum of 2 percent to a maximum of 4 percent away from the pool or to deck drains to prevent standing water. Textured deck finishes that provide pitting and crevices of more than 3/16 inch (4.8 mm) deep that accumulate soil are prohibited. If settling or weathering occurs that would cause standing water, the original slopes shall be restored or corrective drains installed. When a curb is provided, the deck shall not be more than 10 inches (254 mm) below the top of the curb.
454.1.3.1.3 Pool wet decks shall have a minimum unobstructed width of four feet (1219 mm) around the perimeter of the pool, pool curb, ladders, handrails, diving boards, diving towers and slides.
454.1.3.1.4 Traffic barriers shall be provided as needed so that parked vehicles do not extend over the deck area.
454.1.3.1.5 Walkways shall be provided between the pool and the sanitary facilities, and shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent material having a smooth slip-resistant finish for the first 15 feet (4572 mm) of the walkway measured from the nearest pool water's edge. A hose bibb with a vacuum breaker shall be provided to allow the deck to be washed down with potable water.
454.1.3.1.6 Ten percent of the deck along the pool perimeter may be obstructed. Obstructions shall have a wet deck area behind or through them, with the near edge of the walk within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the water except approved slide obstructions shall have the near edge of the walk within 35 feet (10 668 mm) of the water. These obstructions must be protected by a barrier or must be designed to discourage patron access. When an obstruction exists in multiple areas around the pool the minimum distance between obstructions shall be 4 feet (1219 mm).
454.1.3.1.7 Food or drink service facilities shall not be located within 12 feet (3658 mm) of the water's edge.
454.1.3.1.8 The vertical clearance above the pool deck shall be at least 7 feet (2137 mm).
424.1.3.1.9 All public pools shall be surrounded by a minimum 48 inch (1219 mm) high fence or other approved substantial barrier. The fence shall be continuous around the perimeter of the pool area that is not otherwise blocked or obstructed by adjacent buildings or structures and shall adjoin with itself or abut to the adjacent members. Access through the barrier or fence from dwelling units, such as homes, apartments, motel rooms and hotel rooms, shall be through self-closing, self-latching lockable gates of 48 inch (1219 mm) minimal height from the floor or ground with the latch located a minimum of 54 inches (1372 mm) from the bottom of the gate or at least 3 inches (76 mm) below the top of the gate on the pool side. If the self-closing, self-latching gate is also self-locking and is operated by a key lock, electronic opener or integral combination lock, then the operable parts of such locks or openers shall be 34 inches minimum (864 mm) and 48 inches maximum (1219 mm) above the finished floor or ground. Gates shall open outward away from the pool area. A latched, lockable gate shall be placed in the fence within ten feet (3048 mm) of the closest point between the pool and the equipment area for service access.
Instead of a fence, permanent natural or man-made features such as bulkheads, canals, lakes, navigable waterways, etc., adjacent to a pool may be permitted as a barrier when approved. When evaluating such barrier features, the applicable governing body may perform onsite inspections, and review evidence, such as surveys, aerial photographs, water management agency standards and specifications, and any other similar documentation to verify at minimum, the following: the barrier feature is not subject to natural changes, deviations or alterations and is capable of providing an equivalent level of protection as that provided by a structure, and the barrier feature clearly impedes, prohibits or restricts access to the pool.
Screened pool enclosures must be hardened on the bottom three feet (914 mm). Fencing consideration shall be given to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Publication, No. 362, March 2005, guidelines available from CPSC.gov; or Sections 454.2.17.1.1 through 454.2.17.1.8. Safety covers that comply with ASTM F 1346-91 (Reapproved 2003), titled Safety Covers and Labeling Requirements for All Covers for Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs, and available from ASTM.org, do not satisfy this requirement.
454.1.3.2 Bridges and overhead obstructions. Bridges and overhead obstructions over the pool shall be designed so they will not introduce any contamination to the pool water. The minimum height of the bridge or obstruction shall be at least 8 feet (2438 mm) from the bottom of the pool and at least 4 feet (1219 mm) above the surface of the pool. Minimum 42-inch-high (1067 mm) handrails shall be provided along each side of the bridge. The walking surfaces shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent material having a smooth slip-resistant finish. Pool coping shall not overhang into the pool more than 1 ½ inches (38 mm).
454.1.4 Electrical systems.
454.1.4.1 Electrical equipment and wiring. Electrical equipment wiring and installation, including the grounding of pool components shall conform with Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
454.1.4.2 Lighting. Artificial lighting shall be provided at all swimming pools which are to be used at night or which do not have adequate natural lighting so that all portions of the pool, including the bottom, may be readily seen without glare.
454.1.4.2.1 Outdoor pool lighting. Lighting shall provide a minimum of 3 footcandles (30 lux) of illumination at the pool water surface and the pool wet deck surface. Underwater lighting shall be a minimum of 1/2 watt per square foot of pool water surface area.
454.1.4.2.2 Indoor pool lighting. Lighting shall provide a minimum of 10 foot candles of illumination at the pool water surface and the pool wet deck surface. Underwater lighting shall be a minimum of 8/10 watt per square foot of pool surface area.
454.1.4.2.3 Underwater lighting. Underwater lighting shall utilize transformers and low-voltage circuits with each underwater light being grounded. The maximum voltage for each light shall be 15 volts and the maximum incandescent lamp size shall be 300 watts. The location of the underwater lights shall be such that the underwater illumination is as uniform as possible and shall not be less than 18 inches (457 mm) below the normal operating water level determined by the center-line of the skimmer or top lip of the gutter. All underwater lights which depend upon submersion for safe operation shall have protection from overheating when not submerged. Underwater lighting requirements can be waived when the overhead lighting provides at least 15 footcandles (150 lux) of illumination at the pool water surface and pool wet deck surface. Alternative lighting systems which use 15 volts or less, or use no electricity in the pool or on the pool deck, such as LED (light emitting diode) fiber-optic systems, may be utilized if the applicant demonstrates to reasonable certainty that the system development has advanced to the point where the department is convinced that the pool illumination is equal to the requirements in Sections 454.1.4.2.1 and 454.1.4.2.2 above.
454.1.4.2.4 Overhead wiring. Overhead service wiring shall not pass within an area extending a distance of 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally away from the inside edge of the pool walls, diving structures, observation stands, towers or platforms. Allowances for overhead conductor clearances to pools that meet the safety standards in the National Electrical Code may be used instead. Electrical equipment wiring and installation including the grounding of pool components shall comply with Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
454.1.5 Equipment area or rooms.
454.1.5.1 Equipment. Equipment designated by the manufacturer for outdoor use may be located in an equipment area, all other equipment must be located in an equipment room or enclosure. Plastic pipe subject to a period of prolonged sunlight exposure must be coated to protect it from ultraviolet light degradation. An equipment area shall be surrounded with a fence at least 4 feet (1219 mm) high on all sides not confined by a building or equivalent structure. A self-closing and self-latching gate with a permanent locking device shall be provided if necessary for access. An equipment room shall be protected on at least three sides and overhead. Any fence or gate installed shall use members spacing that shall not allow passage of a 4-inch (102 mm) diameter sphere. The fourth side may be a gate, fence, or open if otherwise protected from unauthorized entrance. An equipment enclosure shall be lockable or otherwise protected from unauthorized access.
454.1.5.2 Indoor equipment. Equipment not designated by the manufacturer for outdoor use shall be located in an equipment room. An equipment room shall be protected on at least three sides and overhead. The fourth side may be a gate, fence or open if otherwise protected from unauthorized entrance.
454.1.5.3 Materials. The equipment enclosure, area or room floor shall be of concrete or other nonabsorbent material having a smooth slip-resistant finish and shall have positive drainage, including a sump pump if necessary. Ancillary equipment, such as a heater, not contained in an equipment enclosure or room shall necessitate an equipment area as described above.
454.1.5.4 Ventilation. Equipment rooms shall have either forced draft or cross ventilation. All below-grade equipment rooms shall have a stairway access with forced draft ventilation or a fully louvered door and powered intake within 6 inches (152 mm) of the floor. Where stairway access is not necessary to carry heavy items into the below grade room or vault, a "ship's ladder" may be used if specified by the design engineer who must consider anticipated workload including equipment removal; and the ladder slope, tread height and width; and construction material of the ladder.
454.1.5.5 Access. The opening to an equipment room or area shall be a minimum 3 feet by 6 feet (914 mm by 1829 mm) and shall provide easy access to the equipment.
454.1.5.6 Size. The size of the equipment enclosure, room or area shall provide working space to perform routine operations. Clearance shall be provided for all equipment as prescribed by the manufacturer to allow normal maintenance operation and removal without disturbing other piping or equipment. In rooms with fixed ceilings, the minimum height shall be 7 feet (2137 mm).
454.1.5.7 Lighting. Equipment rooms or areas shall be lighted to provide 30 footcandles (300 lux) of illumination at floor level.
454.1.5.8 Storage. Equipment enclosures, rooms or areas shall not be used for storage of chemicals emitting corrosive fumes or for storage of other items to the extent that entrance to the room for inspection or operation of the equipment is impaired.
454.1.5.9 Hose bibbs. A hose bibb with vacuum breaker shall be located in the equipment room or area.
454.1.6 Plumbing systems.
454.1.6.1 Sanitary facilities. Swimming pools with a bathing load of 20 persons or less may utilize a unisex restroom. Pools with bathing loads of 40 persons or less may utilize two unisex restrooms or meet the requirements of Table 454.1.6.1. Unisex restrooms shall meet all the requirements for materials, drainage and signage as indicated in Sections 454.1.6.1.1 through 454.1.6.1.4. Each shall include a water closet, a diaper change table, a urinal and a lavatory. Pools with a bathing load larger than 40 persons shall provide separate sanitary facilities labeled for each sex. The entry doors of all restrooms shall be located within a 200-foot (60 960 mm) walking distance of the nearest water's edge of each pool served by the facilities.
Exception: Where a swimming pool serves only a designated group of residential dwelling units and not the general public, poolside sanitary facilities are not required if all living units are within a 200-foot (60 960 mm) horizontal radius of the nearest water's edge, are not over three stories in height unless serviced by an elevator, and are each equipped with private sanitary facilities.
454.1.6.1.1 Required fixtures. Fixtures shall be provided as indicated on Table 454.1.6.1. The fixture count on this chart is deemed to be adequate for the pool and pool deck area that is up to three times the area of the pool surface provided. When multiple fixture sets are required and separate facilities are provided for each sex, the fixtures used in ancillary family-style restrooms can be used to meet the requirements of this section.
One diaper changing table shall be provided at each restroom. Diaper changing tables are not required at restrooms where all pools served are restricted to adult use only. Swim diapers are recommended for use by children that are not toilet trained. Persons that are ill with diarrhea cannot enter the pool.
Exception: When a public swimming pool meets all of the following conditions the following shall apply:
1. the pool serves only a designated group of dwelling units,
2. the pool is not for the use of the general public, and
3. a building provides sanitary facilities;
The fixture requirement for the building shall be determined and if it exceeds the requirement in Table 454.1.6.1 then the building requirement shall regulate the fixture count, otherwise the fixture count shall be based on the requirement for the pool. Under no circumstances shall the fixture counts be cumulative. (4266 A1)
TABLE
454.1.6.1
PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL—REQUIRED FIXTURE COUNT
|
SIZE OF POOL |
MEN'S RESTROOM |
WOMEN'S RESTROOM |
||||
|
Urinals |
WC |
Lavatory |
WC |
Lavatory |
||
|
0 - 2,500 sq. ft. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
|
2,501 - 5,000 sq. ft. |
2 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
|
|
5,001 - 7,500 sq. ft. |
2 |
2 |
2 |
6 |
2 |
|
|
7,501 - 10,000 sq. ft. |
3 |
2 |
3 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2. |
|
||||||
An additional set of fixtures shall be provided in the men's restroom for every 7,500 square feet or major fraction thereof for pools greater than 10,000 square feet.
Women's restrooms shall have a ratio of three to two water closets provided for women as the combined total of water closets and urinals provided for men.
Lavatory counts shall be equal.
454.1.6.1.2 Outside access. Outside access to facilities shall be provided for bathers at outdoor pools. Where the restrooms are located within an adjacent building and the restroom doors do not open to the outside, the restroom doors shall be within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of the building's exterior door. If the restrooms are not visible from any portion of the pool deck, signs shall be posted showing directions to the facilities. Directions shall be legible from any portion of the pool deck; letters shall be a minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) high.
454.1.6.1.3 Sanitary facility floors. Floors of sanitary facilities shall be constructed of concrete or other nonabsorbent materials, shall have a smooth, slip-resistant finish, and shall slope to floor drains. Carpets, duckboards and footbaths are prohibited. The intersection between the floor and walls shall be covered where either floor or wall is not made of waterproof materials such as tile or vinyl.
454.1.6.1.4 Hose bibb. A hose bibb with vacuum breaker shall be provided in or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of each restroom to allow for ease of cleaning.
454.1.6.2 Rinse shower. A minimum of one rinse shower shall be provided on the pool deck of all outdoor pools within 20 feet (60 960 mm) of the nearest pool water's edge.
454.1.6.3 Cross-connection prevention. An atmospheric break or approved back flow prevention device shall be provided in each pool water supply line that is connected to a public water supply. Vacuum breakers shall be installed on all hose bibbs.
454.1.6.4 Plastic pipes. Plastic pipe subject to a period of prolonged sunlight exposure shall be coated to protect it from ultraviolet light degradation.
454.1.6.5 Recirculation and treatment systems.
454.1.6.5.1 Equipment testing. Recirculation and treatment equipment such as filters, recessed automatic surface skimmers, ionizers, ozone generators, disinfection feeders and chlorine generators shall be tested and approved using the NSF/ANSI Standard 50, Circulation System Components and Related Materials for Swimming Pool, Spas/Hot Tubs, dated April 2007, which is incorporated by reference.
454.1.6.5.2 Volume. The recirculation system shall be designed to provide a minimum of four turnovers of the pool volume per day. Pools that are less than 1,000 square feet (93 m3) at health clubs shall be required to provide eight turnovers per day.
454.1.6.5.3 System design. The design pattern of recirculation flow shall be 100 percent through the main drain piping and 100 percent through the perimeter overflow system or 60 percent through the skimmer system.
454.1.6.5.3.1 Perimeter overflow gutters. The lip of the gutter shall be uniformly level with a maximum tolerance of 1/4 inch (6 mm) between the high and low areas. The bottom of the gutter shall be level or slope to the drains. The spacing between drains shall not exceed 10 feet (3048 mm) for 2-inch (51 mm) drains or 15 feet (4572 mm) for 21/2-inch (64 mm) drains, unless hydraulically justified by the design engineer. Gutters may be eliminated along pool edges for no more than 15 feet (4572 mm) and this shall not exceed 10 percent of the perimeter (at least 90 percent of the perimeter shall be guttered). In areas where gutters are eliminated, handholds shall be provided within 9 inches (229 mm) of the water surface. Handhold design shall be approved by the department prior to construction.
454.1.6.5.3.1.1 Either recessed type or open type gutters shall be used. Special designs can be approved provided they are within limits of sound engineering practice. Recessed type gutters shall be at least 4 inches (102 mm) deep and 4 inches (102 mm) wide. No part of the recessed gutter shall be visible from a position directly above the gutter sighting vertically down the edge of the deck or curb. Open-type gutters shall be at least 6 inches (150 mm) deep and 12 inches (305 mm) wide. The gutter shall slope 2 inches (51 mm), +/-1/4 inch (+/-6 mm), from the lip to the drains. The gutter drains shall be located at the deepest part of the gutter.
454.1.6.5.3.1.2 All gutter systems shall discharge into a collector tank.
454.1.6.5.3.1.3 The gutter lip shall be tiled with a minimum of 2-inch (51 mm) tile on the pool wall, each a minimum size of 1 inch (25 mm) on all sides. The back vertical wall of the gutter shall be tiled with glazed tile.
Exception: Stainless steel gutter systems when it can be shown that the surfaces at the waterline and back of the gutter are easily cleanable.
454.1.6.5.3.2 Recessed automatic surface skimmers. Recessed automatic surface skimmers may be utilized when the pool water surface area is 1,000 square feet (93 m3) or less excluding offset stairs and swimouts and the width of the pool is not over 20 feet (6096 mm).
454.1.6.5.3.2.1 Volume. The recessed automatic surface skimmer piping system shall be designed to carry 60 percent of the pool total design flow rate with each skimmer carrying a minimum 30 gpm (2 L/s). One skimmer for every 400 square feet (37 m2) or fraction thereof of pool water surface area shall be provided.
454.1.6.5.3.2.2 Location. Prevailing wind direction and the pool outline shall be considered by the designer in the selection of skimmer locations. The location of skimmers shall be such that the interference of adjacent inlets and skimmers is minimized. Recessed automatic surface skimmers shall be installed so that there is no protrusion into the pool water area. The deck or curb shall provide for a handhold around the entire pool perimeter and shall not be located more than 9 inches (229 mm) above the mid point of the opening of the skimmer.
454.1.6.5.3.2.3 Equalizers. Recessed automatic surface skimmers shall be installed with an equalizer valve and an equalizer line when the skimmer piping system is connected directly to pump suction. If installed, the equalizer valve shall be a spring loaded vertical check valve which will not allow direct suction on the equalizer line. Float valves are prohibited. The equalizer line inlet shall be installed at least 1 foot (305 mm) below the normal pool water level and the equalizer line inlet shall be protected by an ASME/ANSI A112.19.8 compliant cover/grate. The equalizer line shall be sized to handle the expected flow with a 2-inch (51 mm) minimum line size.
454.1.6.5.3.2.4 Wall-inlet fitting. A wall-inlet fitting shall be provided directly across from each skimmer.
454.1.6.5.3.2.5 Waterline tile. A minimum 6-inch (152 mm) water line tile shall be provided on all pools with automatic skimmer systems, each a minimum size of 1 inch (25 mm) on all sides. Glazed tile that is smooth and easily cleanable shall be utilized.
454.1.6.5.4 Pumps. If the pump or suction piping is located above the water level of the pool, the pump shall be self-priming. Pumps that take suction prior to filtration shall be equipped with a hair and lint strainer. The recirculation pump shall be selected to provide the required recirculation flow against a minimum total dynamic head of 60 feet (18 288 mm) unless hydraulically justified by the design engineer. Vacuum D.E. filter system pumps shall provide at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) of total dynamic head. Should the total dynamic head required not be appropriate for a given project, the design engineer shall provide an alternative.
454.1.6.5.5 Filters. Filters sized to handle the required recirculation flow shall be provided.
454.1.6.5.5.1 Filter capacities. The maximum filtration rate in gallons per minute per square foot of filter area shall be: 15 [20 if so approved using the procedure stated in Section 454.1.6.5.1 for high rate sand filters, 3 for rapid sand filters, 0.075 for pleated cartridge filters and 2 for Diatomaceous Earth (D.E.) type filters].
454.1.6.5.5.2 Filter appurtenances.
454.1.6.5.5.2.1 Pressure filter systems. Pressure filter systems shall be equipped with an air relief valve, influent and effluent pressure gauges with minimum face size of 2 inches (51 mm) reading 0-60 psi (0-414 kPa), and a sight glass when a backwash line is required.
454.1.6.5.5.2.2 Vacuum filter systems. Vacuum filter systems shall be equipped with a vacuum gauge which has a 2-inch (51 mm) face and reads from 0-30 inches of mercury.
454.1.6.5.5.2.3 D.E. systems. A precoat pot or collector tank shall be provided for D.E.-type systems.
454.1.6.5.5.3 Filter tanks and elements. The filter area shall be determined on the basis of effective filtering surfaces with no allowance given for areas of impaired filtration, such as broad supports, folds, or portions which may bridge. D.E.-type filter elements shall have a minimum 1-inch (25 mm) clear spacing between elements up to a 4 square foot (0.4 m2) effective area. The spacing between filter elements shall increase 1/8 inch (3 mm) for each additional square foot of filter area or fraction thereof above an effective filter area of 4 square feet (0.4 m2). All cartridges used in public pool filters shall be permanently marked with the manufacturer's name, pore size and area in square feet of filter material. All cartridges with end caps shall have the permanent markings on one end cap. Vacuum filter tanks shall have coved intersections between the wall and the floor and the tank floor shall slope to the filter tank drain. The D.E.-type filter tank and elements shall be installed such that the recirculation flow draw down does not expose the elements to the atmosphere whenever only the main drain valve is open or only the surface overflow gutter system valve is open.
454.1.6.5.6 Piping. All plastic pipe used in the recirculation system shall be imprinted with the manufacturer's name and the NSF-pw logo for potable water applications. Size, schedule and type of pipe shall be included on the drawings. Plastic pipe subject to a period of prolonged sunlight exposure shall be coated to protect it from ultraviolet light degradation.
454.1.6.5.7 Valves. Return lines, main drain lines, and surface overflow system lines, shall each have proportioning valves.
454.1.6.5.8 Flow velocity. Pressure piping shall not exceed 10 feet per second (2038 mm/s), except that precoat lines with higher velocities may be used when necessary for agitation purposes. The flow velocity in suction piping shall not exceed 6 feet per second (1829 mm/s) except that flow velocities up to 10 feet per second (3048 mm/s) in filter assembly headers will be acceptable. Main drain systems and surface overflow systems which discharge to collector tanks shall be sized with a maximum flow velocity of 3 feet per second (914 mm/s). The filter and vacuuming system shall have the necessary valves and piping to allow filtering to pool, vacuuming to waste, vacuuming to filter, complete drainage of the filter tank, backwashing for sand and pressure D.E.-type filters and precoat recirculation for D.E.-type filters. [COMMENT AFTER GLITCH]
454.1.6.5.9 Inlets. All inlets shall be adjustable with wall type inlets being directionally adjustable and floor type inlets having a means of flow adjustment. Floor inlets shall be designed and installed such that they do not protrude above the pool floor and all inlets shall be designed and installed so as not to constitute sharp edges or protrusions hazardous to pool bathers. Floor inlets for vinyl liner and fiberglass pools, shall be smooth with no sharp edges, and shall not extend more than 3/8 inches (9.5 mm) above the pool floor. Wall inlets shall be installed a minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) below the normal operating water level unless precluded by the pool depth or intended for a specific acceptable purpose.
454.1.6.5.9.1 Pools 30 feet (9144 mm) in width or less, with wall inlets only shall have enough inlets such that the inlet spacing does not exceed 20 feet (6096 mm) based on the pool water perimeter.
454.1.6.5.9.2 Pools 30 feet (9144 mm) in width or less with floor inlets only shall have a number of inlets provided such that the spacing between adjacent inlets does not exceed 20 feet (6096 mm) and the spacing between inlets and adjacent walls does not exceed 10 feet (3048 mm).
454.1.6.5.9.3 A combination of wall and floor inlets may be used in pools 30 feet (9144 mm) in width or less only if requirements of Section 454.1.6.5.9.1 or Section 454.1.6.5.9.2 are fully met.
454.1.6.5.9.4 Pools greater than 30 feet (9144 mm) in width shall have either floor inlets only, or a combination of floor inlets and wall inlets. Pools with floor inlets only shall have a number of floor inlets provided such that the spacing between adjacent inlets does not exceed 20 feet (6096 mm) and the spacing between inlets and an adjacent wall does not exceed 10 feet (3048 mm).
454.1.6.5.9.5 Pools greater than 30 feet (9144 mm) in width with a combination of wall and floor inlets shall have the number of wall inlets such that the maximum spacing between the wall inlets is 20 feet (6096 mm) and floor inlets are provided for the pool water area beyond a 15 feet (4572 mm) perpendicular distance from all walls. The number of floor inlets shall be such that the spacing between adjacent inlets does not exceed 20 feet (6096 mm) and the distance from a floor inlet and an adjacent wall does not exceed 25 feet (7620 mm). Floor inlets shall be designed and installed such that they do not protrude more than 5/8 inch (16 mm) above the pool floor and all inlets shall be designed and installed so as not to constitute sharp edges or protrusions hazardous to pool bathers.
454.1.6.5.9.6 The flow rate through each inlet shall not exceed 20 gpm (1 L/s).
[COMMENT AFTER GLITCH]
454.1.6.5.10 Main drain outlets. All pools shall be provided with an outlet at the deepest point.
454.1.6.5.10.1 The depth at the outlet shall not deviate more than 3 inches (76 mm) from the side wall.
454.1.6.5.10.2 Outlets shall be covered by a secured grating which requires the use of a tool to remove and whose open area is such that the maximum velocity of water passing through the openings does not exceed 1½ feet per second (457 mm/s) at 100 percent of the design recirculation flow. Main drain covers/grates shall comply with the requirements of ASME/ANSI A112.19.8-2007 and the water velocity of this section.
454.1.6.5.10.3 Multiple outlets, equally spaced from the pool side walls and from each other, shall be installed in pools where the deep portion of the pool is greater than 30 feet (9144 mm) in width.
454.1.6.5.10.4 If the area is subject to high ground water, the pool shall be designed to withstand hydraulic uplift or shall be provided with hydrostatic relief devices.
454.1.6.5.10.5 The main drain outlet shall be connected to a collector tank. The capacity of the collector tank shall be at least 1 minute of the recirculated flow unless justified by the design engineer. Vacuum filter tanks are considered collector tanks.
454.1.6.5.11 Water makeup control. An automatic and manual water makeup control shall be provided to maintain the water level at the lip of the overflow gutter or at the mouth of the recessed automatic surface skimmers and shall discharge through an air gap into a fill pipe or collector tank. Over the rim fill spouts are prohibited.
454.1.6.5.12 Cleaning system. A portable or plumbed in vacuum cleaning system shall be provided. All vacuum pumps shall be equipped with hair and lint strainers. When the system is plumbed in, the vacuum fittings shall be located to allow cleaning the pool with a 50-foot (15 240 mm) maximum length of hose. Vacuum fittings shall be mounted approximately 12 inches (305 mm) below the water level, flush with the pool walls, and shall be provided with a spring loaded safety cover or flush plug cover which shall be in place at all times when the pool is not being vacuumed. Bag-type cleaners, which operate as ejectors on potable water supply pressure, shall be protected by a vacuum breaker. Cleaning devices shall not be used while the pool is open to bathers.
454.1.6.5.13 Rate of flow indicators. A rate of flow indicator, reading in gpm, shall be installed on the return line. The rate of flow indicator shall be properly sized for the design flow rate and shall be capable of measuring from one-half to at least one-and-one-half times the design flow rate. The clearances upstream and downstream from the rate of flow indicator shall comply with manufacturer's installation specifications.
454.1.6.5.14 Heaters. Pool heaters shall comply with nationally recognized standards acceptable to the department and to the design engineer. Pools equipped with heaters shall have a fixed thermometer mounted in the pool recirculation line downstream from the heater outlet. Thermometers mounted on heater outlets do not meet this requirement. A sketch of any proposed heater installation including valves, thermometer, pipe sizes, and material specifications shall be included in the application for permit prior to installation. Piping and influent, effluent and bypass valves which allow isolation or removal of the heater from the system shall be provided. materials used in solar and other heaters shall be nontoxic and acceptable for use with potable water. Heaters shall not prevent the attainment of the required turnover rate.
454.1.6.5.15 Pool waste water disposal. Pool waste water shall be discharged through an air gap; disposal shall be to sanitary sewers, storm sewers, drainfields, or by other means, in accordance with local requirements including obtaining all necessary permits. Disposal of water from pools using D.E. powder shall be accomplished through separation tanks which are equipped with air bleed valves, bottom drain lines, and isolation valves, or through a settling tank with final disposal being acceptable to local authorities. D.E. separator tanks shall have a capacity as rated by the manufacturer, equal to the square footage of the filter system. All lines shall be sized to handle the expected flow. There shall not be a direct physical connection between any drain from a pool or recirculation system and a sewer line.
454.1.6.5.16 Addition of chemicals. Disinfection and ph adjustment shall be added to the pool recirculation flow using automatic feeders meeting the requirement of ANSI/NSF 50-2007. All chemicals shall be fed into the return line after the pump, heater and filters unless the feeder was designed by the manufacturer and approved by the NSF to feed to the collector tank or to the suction side of the pump.
454.1.6.5.16.1 Gas chlorination. When gas chlorination is utilized, the chlorinator shall be capable of continuously feeding a chlorine dosage of 6 mg/L to the recirculated flow of the filtration system. The application point for chlorine shall be located in the return line downstream of the filter, recirculation pump, heater, and flow meter, and as far as possible from the pool.
454.1.6.5.16.1.1 Gas chlorinators shall be located in above-grade rooms and in areas which are inaccessible to unauthorized persons.
454.1.6.5.16.1.1.1 Chlorine rooms shall have: continuous forced draft ventilation capable of a minimum of one air change per minute with an exhaust at floor level to the outside, a minimum of 30 footcandles (300 lux) of illumination with the switch located outside and the door shall open out and shall not be located adjacent to the filter room entrance or the pool deck. A shatterproof gas-tight inspection window shall be provided.
454.1.6.5.16.1.1.2 Chlorine areas shall have a roof and shall be enclosed by a chain-link type fence at least 6 feet (1829 mm) high to allow ventilation and prevent vandalism.
454.1.6.5.16.1.2 When booster pumps are used with the chlorinator, the pump shall use recirculated pool water supplied via the recirculation filtration system. The booster pump shall be electrically interlocked with the recirculation pump to prevent the feeding of chlorine when the recirculation pump is not operating.
454.1.6.5.16.1.3 A means of weighing chlorine containers shall be provided. When 150-pound (68 kg) cylinders are used, platform type scales shall be provided and shall be capable of weighing a minimum of two full cylinders at one time. The elevation of the scale platform shall be within 2 inches (51 mm) of the adjacent floor level, and the facilities shall be constructed to allow easy placement of full cylinders on the scales.
454.1.6.5.16.2 Hypohalogenation and electrolytic chlorine generators. The hypohalogenation type feeder and electrolytic chlorine generators shall be adjustable from 0 to full range. A rate of flow indicator is required on erosion type feeders. The feeders shall be capable of continuously feeding a dosage of 6 mg/L to the minimum required turnover flow rate of the filtration systems. Solution feeders shall be capable of feeding the above dosage using a 10-percent sodium hypochlorite solution, or 5-percent calcium hypochlorite solution, whichever disinfectant is to be utilized at this facility. To prevent the disinfectant from siphoning or feeding directly into the pool or pool piping under any type failure of the recirculation equipment, an electrical interlock with the recirculation pump shall be incorporated into the system for electrically operated feeders. The minimum size of the solution reservoirs shall be at least 50 percent of the maximum daily capacity of the feeder. The solution reservoirs shall be marked to indicate contents.
454.1.6.5.16.3 Feeders for PH adjustment. Feeders for PH adjustment shall be provided on all pools, except spa pools of less than 100 square feet (9 m2) of pool water surface area and pools utilizing erosion type chlorinators feeding chlorinated isocyanurates. PH adjustment feeders shall be positive displacement type, shall be adjustable from 0 to full range, and shall have an electrical interlock with the circulation pump to prevent discharge when the recirculation pump is not operating. When soda ash is used for PH adjustment, the maximum concentration of soda ash solution to be fed shall not exceed 1/2-pound (.2 kg) soda ash per gallon of water. Feeders for soda ash shall be capable of feeding a minimum of 3 gallons (11 L) of the above soda ash solution per pound of gas chlorination capacity. The minimum size of the solution reservoirs shall not be less than 50 percent of the maximum daily capacity of the feeder. The solution reservoirs shall be marked to indicate the type of contents.
454.1.6.5.16.4 Ozone generating equipment. Ozone generating equipment may be used for supplemental water treatment on public swimming pools subject to the conditions of this section.
454.1.6.5.16.4.1 Ozone generating equipment electrical components and wiring shall comply with the requirements of the Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building and the manufacturer shall provide a certificate of conformance. The process equipment shall be provided with an effective means to alert the user when a component of this equipment is not operating.
454.1.6.5.16.4.2 Ozone generating equipment shall meet the NSF/ANSI Standard 50.
454.1.6.5.16.4.3 The concentration of ozone in the return line to the pool shall not exceed 0.1 mg/L.
454.1.6.5.16.4.4 The injection point for ozone generating equipment shall be located in the pool return line after the filtration and heating equipment, prior to the halogen injection point, and as far as possible from the nearest pool return inlet with a minimum distance of 4 feet (1219 mm). Injection methods shall include a mixer, contact chamber, or other means of efficiently mixing the ozone with the recirculated water. The injection and mixing equipment shall not prevent the attainment of the required turnover rate of the recirculation system. Ozone generating equipment shall be equipped with a check valve between the generator and the injection point. Ozone generating equipment shall be equipped with an air flow m and a means to control the flow.
454.1.6.5.16.4.5 Ventilation requirements. Ozone generating equipment shall be installed in equipment rooms with either forced draft or cross draft ventilation. Below-grade equipment rooms with ozone generators shall have forced draft ventilation and all equipment rooms with forced draft ventilation shall have the fan control switch located outside the equipment room door. The exhaust fan intake for forced draft ventilation and at least one vent grille for cross draft ventilation shall be located at floor level.
454.1.6.5.16.4.6 A self-contained breathing apparatus designed and rated by its manufacturer for use in ozone contaminated air shall be provided when ozone generator installations are capable of exceeding the maximum pool water ozone contact concentration of 0.1 milligram per liter. The self-contained breathing apparatus shall be available at all times and shall be used at times when the maintenance or service personnel have determined that the equipment room ozone concentration exceeds 10 mg/L. Ozone generator installations which require the self-contained breathing apparatus shall also be provided with Draeger-type detector tube equipment which is capable of detecting ozone levels of 10 mg/L and greater.
Exception: In lieu of the self-contained breathing apparatus an ozone detector capable of detecting 1 mg/L may be used. Said detector shall be capable of stopping the production of ozone, venting the room and sounding an alarm once ozone is detected.
454.1.6.5.16.5 Ionization units may be used as supplemental water treatment on public pools subject to the condition of this section.
454.1.6.5.16.5.1 Ionization equipment and electrical components and wiring shall comply with the requirements of Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building and the manufacturer shall provide a certification of conformance.
454.1.6.5.16.5.2 Ionization equipment shall meet the NSF/ANSI Standard 50, Circulation System Components and Related Materials for Swimming Pools, Spas/Hot Tubs, or equivalent, shall meet UL standards and shall be electrically interlocked with recirculation pump.
454.1.6.5.16.6 Ultraviolet (UV) light disinfectant equipment may be used as supplemental water treatment on public pools (and additional treatment on IWF's) subject to the conditions of this paragraph and manufacturer's specifications. UV is encouraged to be used to eliminate or reduce chlorine-resistant pathogens, especially the protozoan Cryptosporidium.
1. UV equipment and electrical components and wiring shall comply with the requirements of the National Electrical Code and the manufacturer shall provide a certification of conformance to the department.
2. UV equipment shall meet UL standards and shall be electrically interlocked with recirculation pump(s) on all pools and with feature pumps(s) on an IWF such that when the UV equipment fails to produce the required dosage as measured by an automated sensor, the feature pump(s) are disabled so the water features do not operate.
3. UV equipment shall be validated by a capable party that it delivers the required and predicted UV dose at the validated flow, lamp power and water UV transmittance conditions, and has complied with all professional practices summarized in the USEPA Ultraviolet Disinfectant Guidance Manual dated November 2006, which is publication number EPA 815-R-06-007 available from the department at http://www.floridashealth.org/Environment/water/swim/index.html or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/disinfection/lt2/pdfs/guide_lt2_uvguidance.pdf.
4. UV equipment shall constantly produce a validated dosage of at least 40 mJ/cm2 (milliJoules per square centimeter) at the end of lamp life.
5. The UV equipment shall not be located in a side stream flow and shall be located to treat all water returning to the pool or water features.
454.1.7 Wading pools.
454.1.7.1 General. Wading pools shall meet the requirements of Sections 454.1.1 through 454.1.6.5, unless otherwise indicated. Wading pools and associated piping shall not be physically connected to any other swimming pools and have no minimum width dimensions requirements.
454.1.7.2 Depths. Wading pools shall have a maximum of 2 feet (610 mm). The depth at the perimeter of the pool shall be uniform and shall not exceed 12 inches (305 mm). However, where department-approved zero depth entry designs are used, this uniform depth requirement must be met only on the remainder of the pool outside the zero depth entry portion. The pool floor shall not be more than 12 inches (305 mm) below the deck unless steps and handrails are provided. Depth and "NO DIVING" markers are not required on wading pools.
454.1.7.3 Recirculation. Wading pools shall have a minimum of one turnover every hour. Lines from main drains shall discharge into a collector tank.
454.1.7.3.1 Skimmer equalizer lines when required shall be plumbed into the main drain installed in the pool floor with a grate covering.
454.1.7.3.2 The grate cover shall be sized so as not to allow the flow to exceed 1 ½ feet per second (457 mm/s) when the equalizer line is operating.
454.1.7.4 Inlets. Wading pools with 20 feet (6096 mm) or less of perimeter shall have a minimum of two equally spaced adjustable inlets.
454.1.7.5 Emergency drainage. All wading pools shall have drainage to waste without a cross connection through a quick opening valve to facilitate emptying the wading pool should accidental bowel or other discharge occur.
454.1.7.6 Vacuuming. Wading pools with 200 square feet (19 mm) or more of pool water surface area shall have provisions for vacuuming.
454.1.7.7 Wading pool decks. When adjacent to swimming pools, wading pools shall be separated from the swimming pool by barrier or a fence of a minimum of 48 inches (1219 mm) in height with self-latching and self-closing gates. When adjacent to areas less than one foot (305 mm) deep of zero depth entry pools, the fence or effective barrier is required if the water edges are less than 40 feet (12 192 mm) apart. Wading pools shall have a minimum 10-foot (3048 mm) wide deck around at least 50 percent of their perimeter with the remainder of the perimeter deck being at least 4 feet (1219 mm) wide. There shall be at least 10 feet (3048 mm) between adjacent swimming pools and wading pools.
454.1.7.8 Lighting. Wading pools are exempt from underwater lighting requirements but shall have overhead lighting installed for night use.
454.1.8 Spa pools.
454.1.8.1 General. Spa pools shall meet the requirements of Sections 454.1.1 through 454.1.6.5, unless specifically indicated otherwise.
454.1.8.2 Color, pattern, finish. The color, pattern or finish of the pool interior shall not obscure the existence or presence of objects or surfaces within the pool.
454.1.8.3 Water depths. Spa type pools shall have a minimum water depth of 21/2 feet (762 mm) and a maximum water depth of 4 feet (1219 mm), except that swim spa pools may have a maximum water depth of 5 feet (1524 mm). Depth markers and "NO DIVING" markers are not required on spa-type pools with 200 square feet (19 m2) or less of water surface area.
454.1.8.4 Steps and handrails. Steps or ladders shall be provided and shall be located to provide adequate entrance to and exit from the pool. The number of sets of steps or ladders required shall be on the basis of one for each 75 feet (22 860 mm), or major fraction thereof, of pool perimeter. Step sets for spa type pools with more than 200 square feet of pool water surface area shall comply with Section 454.1.2.5. Step sets for spa-type pools with 200 square feet (19 m2) or less of pool water surface area shall comply with the following: Step treads shall have a minimum width of 10 inches (254 mm) for a minimum continuous tread length of 12 inches (305 mm). Step riser heights shall not exceed 12 inches (305 mm). Intermediate treads and risers between the top and bottom treads and risers shall be uniform in width and height, respectively. Contrasting markings on the leading edges of the submerged benches and the intersections of the treads and risers are required to be installed in accordance with Section 454.1.2.5.
454.1.8.4.1 Handrails shall be provided for all sets of steps and shall be anchored in the bottom step and in the deck. Handrails shall be located to provide maximum access to the steps and handrails shall extend 28 inches (711 mm) above the pool deck.
454.1.8.4.2 Where "figure 4" handrails are used, they shall be anchored in the deck and shall extend laterally to any point vertically above the bottom step. Handrails shall be located to provide maximum access to the steps and handrails shall extend 28 inches (711 mm) above the pool deck.
454.1.8.5 Decks. Decks shall have a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) unobstructed width around the entire pool perimeter except that pools of less than 120 square feet (11 m2) of pool water surface area shall have a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) unobstructed continuous deck around a minimum of 50 percent of the pool perimeter. Decks less than 4 feet (1219 mm) wide shall have barriers to prevent their use. Decks shall not be more than 10 inches (254 mm) below the top of the pool. For pools of 120 square feet (11 m2) or greater, 10 percent of the deck along the pool perimeter may be obstructed.
454.1.8.6 Therapy or jet systems.
454.1.8.6.1 The return lines of spa-type therapy or jet systems shall be independent of the recirculation-filtration and heating systems.
454.1.8.6.2 Therapy or jet pumps shall take suction from the collector tank. Collector tank sizing shall take this additional gallonage into consideration.
454.1.8.7 Filtration system inlets. Spa-type pools with less than 20 feet (6096 mm) of perimeter shall have a minimum of two equally spaced adjustable inlets.
454.1.8.8 Filtration recirculation. Spa-type pools shall have a minimum of one turnover every 30 minutes. The piping, fittings, and hydraulic requirements shall be in accordance with Section 454.1.6.5. All recirculation lines to and from the pool shall be individually valved with proportional flow-type valves in order to control the recirculation flow.
454.1.8.9 Vacuuming. Spa-type pools of over 200 square feet (19 m2) of pool water surface area shall have provisions for vacuuming.
454.1.8.10 Combination spas/pools. When spa pools are part of a conventional swimming pool, the spa pool area shall be offset from the main pool area with the same water depth as the main pool area. The spa pool shall meet all the spa pool requirements of this chapter, and the deck area at the spa shall be protected by connected 30-inch-high (762 mm) stanchions. The deck perimeter at the offset spa area shall not exceed 15 percent of the entire swimming pool perimeter. All benches shall have contrasting markings on the leading edges of the intersection of the bench seats. If tile is used, it shall be slip resistant.
454.1.8.11 Portable and wooden spa pools. Portable and wooden-type spa pools are prohibited.
454.1.9 Water recreation
attractions and specialized pools.
454.1.9.1 General. Water recreation attraction projects shall be designed and constructed within the limits of sound engineering practice. In addition to the requirements of this section, compliance is required with Sections 454.1.1 through 454.1.6.5 of this chapter depending upon the pool design and function. Additionally, all pools listed in this section shall have a 2-hour turnover rate unless otherwise noted.
454.1.9.2 Water slides.
454.1.9.2.1 Water slide plunge pool. Plunge pools shall be constructed of concrete or other structurally rigid impervious materials with a nontoxic, smooth and slip resistant finish. The plunge pool design shall meet the criteria of Sections 454.1.9.2.1.1 through 454.1.9.2.1.7.
454.1.9.2.1.1 Plunge pool water depth. The minimum plunge pool operating water depth at the slide flume terminus shall be 3 feet (914 mm). This depth shall be maintained for a minimum distance of 10 feet (3048 mm) in front of the slide terminus from which point the plunge pool floor may have a constant upward slope to allow a minimum water depth of 2 feet (51 mm) at the base of the steps. The floor slope shall not exceed 1 in 10. The plunge pool water depth shall be commensurate with safety and the ease of exit from the plunge pool.
454.1.9.2.1.2 Plunge pool dimension. The plunge pool dimension between any slide flume exit or terminus and the opposite side of the plunge pool shall be a minimum of 20 feet (6096 mm) excluding steps.
454.1.9.2.1.3 Slide flume terminus.
454.1.9.2.1.3.1 The slide flume terminus shall be designed by the design engineer who can demonstrate to the department's satisfaction that riders will be adequately slowed prior to discharge so as to prevent injury or harm to the rider upon impact with the plunge pool water. The slide terminus shall be flush with the pool wall and located at or below the pool water level.
454.1.9.2.1.3.2 The minimum distance between any plunge pool side wall and the outer edge of any slide terminus shall be 5 feet (1524 mm). The minimum distance between adjacent slide flumes shall be 6 feet (18 288 mm).
454.1.9.2.1.3.3 A minimum length of slide flume of 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be perpendicular to the plunge pool wall at the exit end of the flumes.
454.1.9.2.1.4 Plunge pool main drains. The plunge pool shall have a minimum of one main drain with separate piping and valve to the filtration system collector tank. The velocity through the openings of the main drain grate shall not exceed 11/2 feet per second (457 mm/s) at the design flow rate of the recirculation pump. The main drain piping shall be sized to handle 100 percent of the design flow rate of the filtration system with a maximum flow velocity of 3 feet (914 mm) per second.
454.1.9.2.1.5 Plunge pool floor slope. The plunge pool floor shall slope to the main drains and the slope shall not exceed 1 in 10.
454.1.9.2.1.6 Plunge pool decks.
454.1.9.2.1.6.1 Width. The minimum width of plunge pool decks along the exit side shall be 10 feet (3048 mm).
454.1.9.2.1.6.2 Slopes. All plunge pool decks shall slope to the plunge pool or pump reservoir or to deck drains which discharge to waste, or other acceptable means. All slopes shall be between 2- and 4-percent grade.
454.1.9.2.2 Run out lanes.
454.1.9.2.2.1 Run out lanes may be utilized in lieu of a plunge pool system, provided they are constructed to the slide manufacturers specifications and are approved by the design engineer of record.
454.1.9.2.2.2 Five-foot-wide (1524 mm) walkways shall be provided adjacent to run out lanes.
454.1.9.2.2.3 Minimum water level indicator markings shall be provided on both sides of the run out trough to ensure adequate water for the safe slowing of pool patrons.
454.1.9.2.2.4 Water park personnel shall be provided at the top of the slides and at the run out.
454.1.9.2.3 Pump reservoirs. Pump reservoirs shall be made of concrete or other impervious material with a smooth slip-resistant finish. Pump reservoirs shall be for the slide pump intakes, but where properly sized may also be used as a collector tank for the filter system. Pump reservoir designs shall meet the criteria of Sections 454.1.9.2.3.1 through 454.1.9.2.3.5.
454.1.9.2.3.1 Pump reservoir volume. The minimum reservoir volume shall be equal to 2 minutes of the combined flow rate in gallons per minute of all filter and slide pumps.
454.1.9.2.3.2 Pump reservoir security. Pump reservoirs shall be accessible only to authorized individuals.
454.1.9.2.3.3 Pump reservoir maintenance accessibility. Access decks shall be provided for the reservoir such that all areas are accessible for vacuuming, skimming, and maintenance. The decks shall have a minimum width of 3 feet (914 mm) and shall have a minimum slope of 3:10 away from the reservoir.
454.1.9.2.3.4 Pump reservoir slide pump intakes. The slide pump intakes shall be located in the pump reservoir and shall be designed to allow cleaning without danger of operator entrapment.
454.1.9.2.3.5 Pump reservoir main drains. The pump reservoir shall have a minimum of one main drain with separate piping and valve to the filtration system collector tank and the velocity through the openings of the main drain grates shall not exceed 1 ½ feet per second (457 mm/s) at the design flow rate of the filtration system pump. The main drain piping shall be sized to handle 100 percent of design flow rate of the filtration system pump with a maximum flow velocity of 3 feet per second (914 mm/s).
454.1.9.2.3.6 The pump reservoir shall be fed by main drains within the plunge pool itself (either in the floor or side wall). They shall have the maximum flow velocity of 1 ½ feet per second (457 mm/s) through the main drain grating and 3 feet per second (3962 mm/s) through the reservoir piping.
454.1.9.2.4 Slide pump check valves. Slide pumps shall have check valves on all discharge lines.
454.1.9.2.5 Perimeter overflow gutters or skimmers. Plunge pools and pump reservoirs shall have perimeter overflow gutter system or skimmer which shall be an integral part of the filtration system.
454.1.9.2.5.1 Perimeter overflow gutter systems. Perimeter overflow gutter systems shall meet the requirements of Section 454.1.6.5.3.1 except that gutters are not required directly under slide flumes or along the weirs which separate plunge pools and pump reservoirs.
454.1.9.2.5.2 Surface skimmers. Surface skimmers may be used in lieu of perimeter overflow gutters and shall be appropriately spaced and located according to the structural design. Unless an overflow gutter system is used, surface skimmers shall be provided in the plunge pool and in the pump reservoir and the skimmer system shall be designed to carry 60 percent of the filtration system design flow rate with each skimmer carrying a minimum 30 gpm (2 L/s). All surface skimmers shall meet the requirements for NSF commercial approval as set forth in NSF/ANSI Standard 50, Circulation System Components and Related Materials for Swimming Pools, Spas/Hot Tubs, which is incorporated by reference in these rules, including an equalizer valve in the skimmer and an equalizer line to the pool wall on systems with direct connection to pump suction.
454.1.9.2.6 Water slide recirculation–filtration equipment.
454.1.9.2.6.1 Recirculation rate. The recirculation-filtration system of water slides shall recirculate and filter a water volume equal to the total water volume of the facility in a period of 3 hours or less.
454.1.9.2.6.2 Filter areas. minimum filter area requirements shall be twice the filter areas specified for the recirculation rates stipulated in Section 454.1.6.5.5.1. The filtration system shall be capable of returning the pool water turbidity to 5/10 NTU within 8 hours or less after peak bather load.
454.1.9.2.6.3 Hair and lint strainer. Any filtration system pump which takes suction directly from the plunge pool and reservoir shall have a minimum 8-inch (208 mm) diameter hair and lint strainer on the suction side of the pump.
454.1.9.2.7 Disinfection. The disinfection equipment shall be capable of feeding 12 mg/L of halogen to the continuous recirculation flow of the filtration system.
454.1.9.2.8 Slide design and construction is the responsibility of a professional engineer licensed in Florida and the applicant.
454.1.9.2.9 A lockable gate shall be provided at the stair or ladder entrance to the slide.
454.1.9.2.10 Upon construction completion, a professional engineer licensed in Florida shall certify that the slide was constructed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications and is structurally sound.
454.1.9.3 Water activity pools.
454.1.9.3.1 Water activity pools shall be designed and constructed within the limits of sound engineering practice. The design engineer may consult with the department prior to preparation and submission of engineering plans and specifications for water activity pools.
454.1.9.3.2 Water activity pools shall be constructed of concrete or other structurally rigid impervious materials with a nontoxic, smooth and slip-resistant finish. These pools shall be of such shape and design as to be operated and maintained in a safe and sanitary manner.
454.1.9.3.3 The recirculation-filtration system of water activity pools shall achieve a minimum of one turnover every 2 hours for water activity pools over 2 feet (610 mm) deep, and in 1 hour for these pools that are 2 feet (610 mm) deep or less.
454.1.9.3.4 Those portions of the activity pool where the water depth will not allow for the proper installation of underwater lighting, shall be provided with 6 foot-candles (60 lux) of lighting on the deck and water surface.
454.1.9.3.5 Fence requirements shall be in accordance with Section 454.1.7.7.
454.1.9.3.6 Play features with an overhead clearance of less than 4 feet (1219 mm) shall be blocked or barricaded to preclude children becoming entrapped.
454.1.9.4 Wave pools.
454.1.9.4.1 Wave pools shall be designed and constructed within the limits of sound engineering practice.
454.1.9.4.2 Wave pools shall be constructed of concrete or other impervious materials with a smooth slip-resistant finish. These pools shall be of such shape and design as to be operated and maintained in a safe and sanitary manner.
454.1.9.4.3 The recirculation-filtration system of wave pools shall be capable of a minimum of one turnover every 3 hours.
454.1.9.4.4 Floors shall be sloped in accordance with the manufacturer's or design engineer's specifications; however, they shall not exceed the slope limits of Section 454.1.2.2.3.
454.1.9.5 River rides.
454.1.9.5.1 River rides shall be constructed within the limits of sound engineering practice.
454.1.9.5.2 River rides shall be constructed on concrete or other impervious materials with a nontoxic, smooth and slip-resistant finish. These rides shall be of such shape and design as to be operated in a safe and sanitary manner.
454.1.9.5.3 The recirculation-filtration system of the river ride shall be capable of a minimum of one turnover every 3 hours.
454.1.9.5.4 The maximum water depth of the river ride shall not exceed 3 feet (914 mm) unless justified to the department's satisfaction by the design engineer.
454.1.9.5.5 Decking shall be provided at the entrance and exit points as necessary to provide safe patron access but shall not be smaller than 10 feet (3048 mm) in width and length. Additional decking along the ride course is not required except that decking shall be required at lifeguard locations and emergency exit points.
454.1.9.5.6 Access and exit shall be provided at the start and end of the ride and additional exit locations shall be located along the ride course as necessary to provide for the safety of the patrons.
Propulsion jets shall be installed in the walls of the river ride. In the alternative, propulsion jets may be installed in the floor if they are covered by a grate that will inhibit entrapment or injury of the pool patrons' feet or limbs.
454.1.9.6 Zero depth entry pools.
454.1.9.6.1 Zero depth entry pools shall have a continuous floor slope from the water edge to the deep end.
454.1.9.6.2 The deck level perimeter overflow system with grate shall be provided at the waters edge across the entire zero depth portion of the pool.
454.1.9.6.3 The pool deck may slope toward the pool for no more than 5 feet (1524 mm), as measured from the overflow system grate outward. Beyond this area the deck shall slope away from the pool in accordance with Section 454.1.2.2.3.
454.1.9.6.4 "No-Entry, Shallow Water" signs shall be provided along the pool wall edge where the water depth is less than 3 feet (914 mm) deep. No-entry signs shall be slip-resistant, shall have 4-inch-high (102 mm) letters, shall be located within 2 feet (610 mm) of the pool edge and shall be spaced no more than 15 feet (4572 mm) apart.
454.1.9.6.5 Additional inlets shall be provided in areas of less than 18 inches (457 mm) deep. The numbers and location shall be such as to double the flow rate into this area.
454.1.9.6.6 The recirculation-filtration system shall be of a minimum of one turnover every 2 hours in the area of the pool that is 3 feet (914 mm) deep or less. In the remainder of the pool where the depth is greater than 3 feet (914 mm), the system shall have a maximum 6 hour turnover rate. The design plans submitted by the applicant shall provide the volume of water in the pool area of 3 feet (914 mm) depth and less, the volume of water in the pool area greater than 3 feet (914 mm) in depth and the total volume in the pool for determination of minimum circulation flow. The volume calculations shall provide verification that the correct volume of water is used to determine the minimum flow at the 2-hour and the 6-hour flow requirements.
454.1.9.6.7 Those portions of the zero depth entry pool, where the water depth will not allow for the proper installation of underwater lighting, shall be provided with 6 foot-candles (60 lux) of lighting on the deck and the water.
454.1.9.6.8 Play structures in a zero depth entry area [in depth 0-3 feet (0 to 914 mm)] may be within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the pool walls, but shall comply with sound engineering requirements for the safety of pool patrons.
454.1.9.7 Special purpose pools.
454.1.9.7.1 General. Special purpose pool projects may deviate from the requirements of other sections of these rules provided the design and construction are within the limits of sound engineering practice. Only those deviations necessary to accommodate the special usage shall be allowed and all other aspects of the pool shall comply with the requirements of this section and with Section 454.1.2.
454.1.9.7.2 A special purpose pool may incorporate ledges which do not overhang into the pool.
454.1.9.8 Interactive water features (IWFs).
454.1.9.8.1 Waters discharged from all fountain or spray features shall not pond on the feature floor but shall flow by gravity through a main drain fitting to a below or collection system which discharges to a collector tank. The minimum size of the collector tank shall be equal to the volume of 2 minutes of the combined flow of all feature pumps and the filter pump. Smaller tanks may be utilized if hydraulically justified by the design engineer. Adequate access shall be provided to the sump or collector tank. Stairs or a ladder shall be provided as needed to ensure safe entry into the tank.
454.1.9.8.2 An automatic skimmer system shall be provided in the collector tank. A variable height skimmer may be used or a custom surface skimmer device may be substituted if deemed appropriate by both the design engineer and the department.
454.1.9.8.3 Chemical feeders shall be in accordance with Section 454.1.6.5; except that the disinfection feeder shall be capable of feeding 12 ppm of free chlorine to the filter return piping (based upon a hypothetical 30-minute turnover of the contained volume within the system).
454.1.9.8.4 If night operation is proposed, 6 footcandles (60 lux) of light shall be provided on the pool deck and the water feature area. Lighting that may be exposed to the feature pool water shall not exceed 15 volts, shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and be approved for such use by UL or NSF.
454.1.9.8.5 All electrical work shall comply with Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
454.1.9.8.6 Hydraulics.
454.1.9.8.6.1 The filter system shall filter and chemically treat all water that is returned to the spray features. The filter system shall draft from the collector tank and return filtered and treated water directly to the spray features. Excess water not required by the spray features shall be returned to the collector tank.
454.1.9.8.6.2 The water feature pump shall draft from the collector tank.
454.1.9.8.6.3 Alternatively, the contained volume of the system may be filtered and chemically treated based upon a 30-minute turnover of the contained volume with 100 percent returned to the collector tank by manifold piping. If this alternative is chosen, all water returned to the spray feature(s) must also be treated with an Ultraviolet (UV) light disinfection equipment to accomplish protozoan destruction in accordance with sound engineering and the requirements of Section 454.1.6.5.16.6. This alternative must have the ability to feed 6 mg/L free chlorine to the feature water as it is returned to the spray feature. The UV disinfection equipment shall be electrically interconnected such that whenever it fails to produce the required UV dosage, the water spray features pump(s) and flow will be immediately stopped.
454.1.9.8.6.4 The flow rate through the feature nozzles of the water features shall be such as not to harm the patrons and shall not exceed 20 feet per second (6096 mm/s) unless justified by the design engineer and by the fountain system manufacturer.
454.1.9.8.6.5 An automatic water level controller shall be provided.
454.1.9.8.6.6 An overfill waste line with air gap shall be provided.
454.1.9.8.6.7 A means of vacuuming and completely draining the tank(s) shall be provided.
454.1.9.8.6.8 Where the filter system described in Section 454.1.9.8.6.1 is utilized, a second filter system and disinfection system shall be provided to treat the water in the collector tank when the feature/filter pump is not in operation. Said system shall be capable of filtering the total volume of water in the collector tank in 30 minutes and the disinfection system shall be capable of providing 12 mg/L of disinfectant to this flow rate.
454.1.9.8.6.9 IWFs shall be fenced in the same fashion as wading pools as noted in Section 454.1.7.7. Where the IWF is at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) from all other pools and is not designed to have any standing water, fencing requirements should be carefully considered by the applicant to control usage, but are not required by rule.
454.1.9.8.6.10 A minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) wet deck area shall be provided around all IWFs. The wet deck shall meet the requirements of Section 454.1.2.2.3; however, up to 50 percent of the perimeter may be obstructed.
454.1.9.8.6.11 IWFs shall be constructed of concrete or other impervious and structurally rigid material.
454.1.9.8.6.12 Floor slopes of an IWF shall be a maximum 1 foot (305 mm) vertical in 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontal and a minimum of 1 foot (305 mm) vertical in 50 feet (15 240 mm) horizontal.
454.1.9.8.7 Water theme parks shall meet all other aspects of these rules for the features provided.
454.1.9.8.7.1 Rules and regulations for water theme parks shall be posted in minimum 1-inch (305 mm) letters at each entrance to the park and shall contain the following:
1. No food, drink, glass or animals in or on the pool decks.
2. Park operating hours __A.M. to __P.M.
3. Shower before entering.
4. Do not swallow the pool water.
454.1.9.8.7.2 Showers shall be provided at or near the entrance (queue line) to a water recreation attraction.
454.1.9.8.7.3 Water theme parks are exempt from the fencing requirements of Section 454.1.3.1.9, except that pools designed for small children shall be fenced when located within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of a pool with water depths of 3 feet (914 mm) or more.
454.1.9.8.7.4 Sanitary facilities within a water theme park shall be as near to the water recreation attractions as prudent to ensure patron use, but not over 200 feet (60 960 mm) walking distance from any exit of a water attraction.
454.1.10 Modifications.
454.1.10.1 Modifications. Modifications include nonequivalent changes or additions to the recirculation system, treatment equipment, physical structure or appurtenances. Replacement of the pool or spa shell is considered to be construction of a new facility and shall be processed as such. The installation of new decking is not considered a modification if it is installed in conformance with Section 454.1.3.1, and deck markings are upgraded in accordance with Section 454.1.2.3. Resurfacing the pool interior to original nontoxic, slip-resistant and smooth specifications or equivalent replacement of equipment are not considered modifications. However, the following items shall be addressed during resurfacing projects:
454.1.10.1.1 The lip of the gutter must be leveled to within 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) between the highest and lowest point and the downward slope from the lip to the drain must be maintained as originally designed or increased, but shall not exceed new construction standards.
454.1.10.1.2 Tile step markings must be installed meeting the requirements of Section 454.1.2.5.3.
454.1.10.1.3 Where applicable the slope break marking must be installed meeting the requirements of Section 454.1.2.2.3.2 and safety line must be installed 2 feet (610 mm) before the marking.
454.1.10.1.4 Depth markers and NO DIVING markers must be installed in accordance with Section 454.1.2.3.
454.1.10.1.5 The pool ladder must have a 3 to 6 inch (76 to 152 mm) clearance from the pool wall. New cross-braced ladder(s) shall be installed in place of noncross-braced ladder(s) in conformance with Section 454.1.2.5.1 during a pool resurfacing.
454.1.10.1.6 Should resurfacing works affect the step riser heights, no riser shall exceed 12 inches (305 mm) and the intermediate risers shall be made uniform.
454.1.10.1.7 When fiberglass is used to resurface a pool any existing tile shall not be covered by the fiberglass finish.
454.1.10.1.8 The applicable governing body shall be notified in writing of any proposed pool resurfacing or upgrades to decking at least 10 days prior to commencement. The notification shall include an itemized list of all proposed work that is to be performed, the license number of the contractor selected and shall indicate that all work will meet the requirements of this section.
454.1.10.1.9 Recessed treads that protrude from the pool wall shall be removed and replaced with a cross-braced ladder or reconstructed to meet the requirements of Section 454.1.2.5.2.
454.1.10.2 The painting of pools shall not be considered a modification provided the following conditions are met:
1. Only paints designated by the manufacturer as pool paints are used.
2. All step stripes, slope break markers and safety line, and depth and NO DIVING markings shall be provided to comply with the applicable provision(s) this section.
454.1.10.3 The installation of copper or copper/silver ionization units and ozone generators capable of producing less than a pool water ozone contact concentration of 0.1 milligrams per liter (mg/L) shall not be considered a pool modification provided compliance when the following is met:
1. The ionization or ozone generator unit complies with paragraph 64E-9.007(16)(e), Florida Administrative Code.
2. The manufacturer provides one set of signed and sealed engineering drawings indicating the following:
a. The unit does not interfere with the design flow rate.
b. The
unit and the typical installation meet the requirements of the National Electrical Code.
c. A copper test kit and information regarding the maximum allowed copper and silver level and the minimum required chlorine level shall be available to the pool owner.
d. The unit shall meet the requirements of the NSF/ANSI Standard 50.
3. At least 7 days before the time of installation, the installer will provide a photocopy of the above drawings and a letter of intent identifying the pool on which the unit is to be installed.
4. Upon completion of the installation, a professional engineer or electrician licensed in the state of Florida shall provide a letter to the county health department, indicating the unit was properly installed in accordance with the typical drawings, the National Electrical Code and local codes.
454.2 Private
swimming pools.
454.2.1 Definitions–general.
454.2.1.1 Tense, gender and number. For the purpose of this code, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases, words, and their derivatives shall be construed as set forth in this section. Words used in the present tense include the future. Words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter. Words in the feminine and neuter gender include the masculine. The singular number includes the plural and the plural number includes the singular.
454.2.1.2 Words not defined. Words not defined herein shall have the meanings stated in the Florida Building Code, Building; Florida Building Code, Mechanical; Florida Building Code, Plumbing; Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas; or Florida Fire Prevention Code. Words not defined in the Florida Building Code shall have the meanings stated in the Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, as revised.
454.2.2 Definitions.
ABOVE-GROUND/ON-GROUND POOL. See "Swimming pool."
ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY. The individual official, board, department or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city or other political subdivision created by law to administer and enforce the provisions of the swimming pool code as adopted or amended.
APPROVED. Accepted or acceptable under an applicable specification stated or cited in this code, or accepted as suitable for the proposed use under procedures and power of the administrative authority.
APPROVED SAFETY COVER. A manually or power-applied safety pool cover that meets all of the performance standards of ASTM International in compliance with ASTM F 1346.
APPROVED TESTING AGENCY. An organization primarily established for the purpose of testing to approved standards and approved by the administrative authority.
BACKWASH PIPING. See "Filter waste discharge piping."
BARRIER. A fence, dwelling wall or nondwelling wall or any combination thereof which completely surrounds the swimming pool and obstructs access to the swimming pool, especially access from the residence or from the yard outside the barrier.
BODY FEED. Filter aid fed into a diatomite-type filter throughout the filtering cycle.
CARTRIDGE FILTER. A filter using cartridge type filter elements.
CHEMICAL PIPING. Piping which conveys concentrated chemical solutions from a feeding apparatus to the circulation piping.
CIRCULATION PIPING SYSTEM. Piping between the pool structure and the mechanical equipment. Usually includes suction piping, face piping and return piping.
COMBINATION VALVE. A multipart valve intended to perform more than one function.
DESIGN HEAD. Total head requirement of the circulation system at the design rate of flow.
DIATOIMTE (DIATOAMCEOUS EARTH). A type of filter aid.
DIATOIMTE TYPE FILTER. A filter designed to be used with filter aid.
DIRECT ACCESS FROM THE HOME. Any opening which discharges into the "perimeter" of the pool or any opening in an exterior dwelling wall, or interior wall (for indoor pools) which faces the pool.
EXIT ALARM. A device that makes audible, continuous alarm sounds when any door or window which permits access from the residence to any pool that is without an intervening enclosure is opened or left ajar.
FACE PIPING. Piping, with all valves and fittings, which is used to connect the filter system together as a unit.
FILTER. Any apparatus by which water is clarified.
FILTER AID. A nonpermanent type of filter medium or aid such as diatomite, alum, etc.
FILTER CARTRIDGE. A disposable or renewable filter element which generally employs no filter aid.
FILTER ELEMENT. That part of a filter which retains the filter medium.
FILTER MEDIUM. Fine material which entraps the suspended particles and removes them from the water.
FILTER RATE. Average rate of flow per square foot of filter area.
FILTER ROCK. Specially graded rock and gravel used to support filter sand.
FILTER SAND. A specially graded type of permanent filter medium.
FILTER SEPTUM. That part of the filter element in a diatomite type filter upon which a cake of diatomite or other nonpermanent filter aid may be deposited.
FILTER WASTE DISCHARGE PIPING. Piping that conducts waste water from a filter to a drainage system. Connection to drainage system is made through an air gap or other approved methods.
FRESH WATER. Those waters having a specific conductivity less than a solution containing 6,000 ppm of sodium chloride.
HIGH RATE SAND FILTER. A sand filter designed for flows in excess of 5 gpm (.3 L/s) per square foot.
HOT TUB. See "Swimming pool."
INGROUND POOL. See "Swimming pool."
INLET FITTING. Fitting or fixture through which circulated water enters the pool.
MAIN SUCTION OUTLET. Outlet at the deep portion of the pool through which the main flow of water leaves the pool when being drained or circulated.
MESH SAFETY BARRIER. A combination of materials, including fabric, posts, and other hardware to form a barrier around a swimming pool.
MEDICALLY FRAIL ELDERLY PERSON. Means any person who is at least 65 years of age and has a medical problem that affects balance, vision, or judgment, including but not limited to a heart condition, diabetes, or Alzheimer's disease or any related disorder.
POOL. See "Swimming pool."
POOL DEPTHS. The distance between the floor of pool and the maximum operating water level.
POOL PERIMETER. A pool perimeter is defined by the limits of the pool deck, its surrounding area including yard area on same property, and any dwelling or nondwelling wall or any combination thereof which completely surrounds the pool.
POOL PLUMBING. All chemical, circulation, filter waste discharge piping, deck drainage and water filling system.
PORTABLE POOL. A prefabricated pool which may be erected at the point of intended use and which may be subsequently disassembled and reerected at a new location. Generally installed on the surface of the ground and without excavation.
PRECOAT. In a diatomite-type filter, the initial coating or filter aid placed on the filter septum at the start of the filter cycle.
RAPID SAND FILTER. A filter designed to be used with sand as the filter medium and for flows not to exceed 5 gpm (.3 L/s) per square foot.
RECEPTOR. An approved plumbing fixture or device of such material, shape and capacity as to adequately receive the discharge from indirect waste piping, so constructed and located as to be readily cleaned.
RESIDENTIAL. Situated on the premises of a detached one- or two-family dwelling or a one-family townhouse not more than three stories high.
RETURN PIPING. That portion of the circulation piping which extends from the outlet side of the filters to the pool.
SALINE WATER. Those waters having a specific conductivity in excess of a solution containing 6,000 ppm of sodium chloride.
SEPARATION TANK. A device used to clarify filter rinse or waste water; sometimes called a "reclamation tank."
SKIM FILTER. A surface skimmer combined with a vacuum diatomite filter.
SPA, NONPORTABLE. See "Swimming pool."
SPA, PORTABLE. Nonpermanent structure intended for recreational bathing, in which all controls and water heating and water circulating equipment are an integral part of the product and which is cord-connected and not permanently electrically wired.
SUCTION PIPING. That portion of the circulation piping located between the pool structure and the inlet side of the pump and usually includes main outlet piping, skimmer piping, vacuum piping and surge tank piping.
SURFACE SKIMMER. A device generally located in the pool wall which skims the pool surface by drawing pool water over a self-adjusting weir.
SWIMMING POOL, PRIVATE. Any structure, located in a residential area, that is intended for swimming or recreational bathing and contains water over 24 inches (610 mm) deep including but not limited to inground, aboveground, and onground swimming pools, hot tubs, and nonportable spas.
SWIMMING POOL, INDOOR. A swimming pool which is totally contained within a structure and surrounded on all four sides by walls of said structure.
SWIMMING POOL, OUTDOOR. Any swimming pool which is not an indoor pool.
SWIMMING POOL, PUBLIC. A watertight structure of concrete, masonry, fiberglass, stainless steel or plastic which is located either indoors or outdoors, used for bathing or swimming by humans, and filled with a filtered and disinfected water supply, together with buildings, appurtenances and equipment used in connection therewith. A public swimming pool or public pool shall mean a conventional pool, spa-type pool, wading pool, special purpose pool or water recreation attraction, to which admission may be gained with or without payment of a fee and includes, pools operated by or serving camps, churches, cities, counties, day care centers, group home facilities for eight or more clients, health spas, institutions, parks, state agencies, schools, subdivisions; or the cooperative living-type projects of five or more living units, such as apartments, boarding houses, hotels, mobile home parks, motels, recreational vehicle parks and townhouses.
SWIMMING POOL, RESIDENTIAL. See "Swimming pool, private."
TURNOVER TIME. The time in hours required for the circulation system to filter and recirculate a volume of water equal to the pool volume.
VACUUM FITTING. A fitting in the pool which is used as a convenient outlet for connecting the underwater suction cleaning equipment.
VACUUM PIPING. The piping from the suction side of a pump connected to a vacuum fitting located at the pool and below the water level.
WASTE PIPING. See "Filter waste discharge piping."
WIDTH AND/OR LENGTH. Actual water dimension taken from wall to wall at the maximum operating water level.
YOUNG CHILD. Any person under the age of 6 years.
454.2.3 Mechanical requirements. Unless otherwise specified in this code, all piping, equipment and materials used in the process piping system of swimming pools that are built in place shall conform to the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
454.2.4 Approvals.
454.2.4.1 Compliance. All materials, piping, valves, equipment or appliances entering into the construction of swimming pools or portions thereof shall be of a type complying with this code or of a type recommended and approved by a nationally recognized testing agency or conforming to other recognized standards acceptable to the administrative authority.
454.2.4.2 Items not covered. For any items not specifically covered in these requirements, the administrative authority is hereby authorized to require that all equipment, materials, methods of construction and design features shall be proven to function adequately, effectively and without excessive maintenance and operational difficulties.
454.2.4.2.1 Flood hazard areas. Private swimming pools installed in flood hazard areas established in Section 1612.3 shall comply with Section 1612. [3880]
454.2.4.3 Applicant responsibility. It shall be the responsibility of the applicant to provide such data, tests or other adequate proof that the device, material or product will satisfactorily perform the function for which it is intended, before such item shall be approved or accepted for tests.
454.2.5 Alternate materials and methods of construction.
454.2.5.1 Approval and authorization. The provisions of this code are not intended to prevent the use of any alternate material, method of construction, appliance or equipment, provided any such alternate has been first approved and its use authorized by the administrative authority.
454.2.5.2 Required tests. When there is insufficient evidence to substantiate claims for alternates, the administrative authority may require tests, as proof of compliance, to be made by an approved agency at the expense of the applicant.
454.2.6 Private swimming pools.
454.2.6.1 Conformance standard. Design, construction and workmanship shall be in conformity with the requirements of ANSI/NSPI 3, ANSI/NSPI 4, ANSI/NSPI 5, ANSI/NSPI 6, and ANSI/APSP 7.
424.2.6.2 Required equipment. Every swimming pool shall be equipped complete with approved mechanical equipment consisting of filter, pump, piping valves and component parts.
Exception: Pools with a supply of fresh water equivalent to the volume of the pool in the specified turnover time will be allowed.
424.2.6.3 Water velocity. Pool piping shall be designed so the water velocity will not exceed 10 feet per second (mm/s) for pressure piping and 8 feet per second (mm/s) for suction piping, except that the water velocity shall not exceed 8 feet per second (3048 mm/s) in copper tubing. Main suction outlet velocity must comply with ANSI/APSP 7.
Exception: Jet inlet fittings shall not be deemed subject to this requirement.
454.2.6.4 Piping to heater. Water flow through the heater, any bypass plumbing installed, any back-siphoning protection, and the use of heat sinks shall be done in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
454.2.6.5 Piping installation. All piping materials shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer's installation standards.
Exception: Primer and glue on exposed above-ground piping not required to be colored.
454.2.6.6 Entrapment protection for suction outlets shall be installed in accordance with requirements of ANSI/APSP 7.
454.2.7 Pumps.
454.2.7.1 Strainer. Pool circulating pumps shall be equipped on the inlet side with an approved type hair and lint strainer when used with a pressure filter.
454.2.7.2 Installation. Pumps shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer recommendations.
454.2.7.3 Capacity. Pumps shall have design capacity at the following heads.
1. Pressure diatomaceous earth–At least 60 feet (18 288 mm).
2. Vacuum D.E.–20-inch (508 mm) vacuum on the suction side and 40 feet (1219 mm) total head.
3. Rapid sand–At least 45 feet (13 716 mm).
4. High rate sand–At least 60 feet (18 288 mm).
454.2.7.4 Materials. Pump impellers, shafts, wear rings and other working parts shall be of corrosion-resistant materials.
454.2.8 Valves.
454.2.8.1 General. Valves shall be made of materials that are approved in the Florida Building Code, Plumbing. Valves located under concrete slabs shall be set in a pit having a least dimension of five pipe diams with a minimum of at least 10 inches (254 mm) and fitted with a suitable cover. All valves shall be located where they will be readily accessible for maintenance and removal.
454.2.8.2 Full-way (gate) valves. Full-way valves shall be installed to insure proper functioning of the filtration and piping system. When the pump is located below the overflow rim of the pool, a valve shall be installed on the discharge outlet and the suction line.
454.2.8.3 Check valves. Where check valves are installed they shall be of the swing, spring or vertical check patterns.
454.2.8.4 Combination valves. Combination valves shall be installed per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
454.2.9 Water supply. Unless an approved type of filling system is installed, any water supply which in the judgment of the administrative authority may be used to fill the pool, shall be equipped with backflow protection. No over the rim fill spout shall be accepted unless located under a diving board, or properly guarded.
454.2.10 Waste water disposal.
454.2.10.1 Connection limitations. Direct or indirect connections shall not be made between any storm drain, sewer, drainage system, seepage pit underground leaching pit, or subsoil drainage line, and any line connected to a swimming pool unless approved by the administrative authority.
454.2.10.2 Disposal through public sewer. When the waste water from a swimming pool is to be disposed of through a public sewer, a 3-inch (76 mm) P-trap shall be installed on the lower terminus of the building drain and the tall piece from the trap shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) above finished grade and below finished floor grade. This trap need not be vented. The connection between the filter waste discharge piping and the P-trap shall be made by means of an indirect connection.
454.2.10.3 Deviations. Plans and specifications for any deviation from the above manner of installation shall first be approved by the administrative authority before any portion of any such system is installed. When waste water disposal is to seepage pit installation, it shall be installed in accordance with the approval granted by the administrative authority.
454.2.11 Separation tank. A separation tank of an approved type may be used in lieu of the aforementioned means of waste water disposal when connected as a reclamation system.
454.2.12 Tests.
454.2.12.1 Pressure test. All pool piping shall be tested and proved tight to the satisfaction of the administrative authority, under a static water or air pressure test of not less than 35 psi (241 kPa) for 15 minutes.
Exception: Circulating pumps need not be tested as required in this section.
454.2.12.2 Drain and waste piping. All drain and waste piping shall be tested by filling with water to the point of overflow and all joints shall be tight.
454.2.13 Drain piping.
454.2.13.1 Slope to discharge. Drain piping serving gravity overflow gutter drains and deck drains shall be installed to provide continuous grade to point of discharge.
454.2.13.2 Joints and connections. Joints and connections shall be made as required by the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
454.2.14 Water heating equipment.
454.2.14.1 Labels. Swimming pool water heating equipment shall conform to the design, construction and installation requirements in accordance with accepted engineering practices and shall bear the label of a recognized testing agency, and shall include a consideration of combustion air, venting and gas supply requirements for water heaters.
424.2.14.2 Water retention. If a heater is not equipped or designed for an approved permanent bypass or antisiphon device, an approved permanent bypass or antisiphon device shall be installed to provide a positive means of retaining water in the heater when the pump is not in operation.
454.2.14.3 Pit drainage. When the heater is installed in a pit, the pit shall be provided with approved drainage facilities.
454.2.14.4 Connections. All water heating equipment shall be installed with flanges or union connection adjacent to the heater.
454.2.14.5 Relief valve. When water heating equipment which is installed in a closed system has a valve between the appliance and the pool, a pressure relief valve shall be installed on the discharge side of the water heating equipment. For units up to and including 200,000 Btu/hour input, the relief valve shall be rated by the American Gas Association.
454.2.15 Gas piping. Gas piping shall comply with the Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas.
454.2.16 Electrical. Electrical wiring and equipment shall comply with Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
454.2.17 Residential swimming barrier requirement. Residential swimming pools shall comply with Sections 454.2.17.1 through 454.2.17.3.
Exception: A swimming pool with an approved safety pool cover complying with ASTM F 1346.
454.2.17.1 Outdoor swimming pools. Outdoor swimming pools shall be provided with a barrier complying with Sections 454.2.17.1.1 through 454.2.17.1.14.
454.2.17.1.1 The top of the barrier shall be at least 48 inches (1219 mm) above grade measured on the side of the barrier which faces away from the swimming pool. The maximum vertical clearance between grade and the bottom of the barrier shall be 2 inches (51 mm) measured on the side of the barrier which faces away from the swimming pool. Where the top of the pool structure is above grade the barrier may be at ground level or mounted on top of the pool structure. Where the barrier is mounted on top of the pool structure, the maximum vertical clearance between the top of the pool structure and the bottom of the barrier shall be 4 inches (102 mm).
454.2.17.1.2 The barrier may not have any gaps, openings, indentations, protrusions, or structural components that could allow a young child to crawl under, squeeze through, or climb over the barrier as herein described below. One end of a removable child barrier shall not be removable without the aid of tools. Openings in any barrier shall not allow passage of a 4-inch diameter (102 mm) sphere.
454.2.17.1.3 Solid barriers which do not have openings shall not contain indentations or protrusions except for normal construction tolerances and tooled masonry joints.
454.2.17.1.4 Where the barrier is composed of horizontal and vertical members and the distance between the tops of the horizontal members is less than 45 inches (1143 mm), the horizontal members shall be located on the swimming pool side of the fence. Spacing between vertical members shall not exceed 1¾ inches (44 mm) in width. Where there are decorative cutouts within vertical members, spacing within the cutouts shall not exceed 1¾ inches (44 mm) in width.
454.2.17.1.5 Where the barrier is composed of horizontal and vertical members and the distance between the tops of the horizontal members is 45 inches (1143 mm) or more, spacing between vertical members shall not exceed 4 inches (102 mm). Where there are decorative cutouts within vertical members, spacing within the cutouts shall not exceed 1 ¾ inches (44 mm) in width.
454.2.17.1.6 Maximum mesh size for chain link fences shall be a 2 ¼ inch (57 mm) square unless the fence is provided with slats fastened at the top or bottom which reduce the openings to no more than 1¾ inches (44 mm).
454.2.17.1.7 Where the barrier is composed of diagonal members, the maximum opening formed by the diagonal members shall be no more than 1 ¾ inches (44 mm).
454.2.17.1.8 Access gates, when provided, shall be self-closing and shall comply with the requirements of Sections 454.2.17.1.1 through 454.2.17.1.7 and shall be equipped with a self-latching locking device located on the pool side of the gate. Where the device release is located no less than 54 inches (1372 mm) from the bottom of the gate, the device release mechanism may be located on either side of the gate and so placed that it cannot be reached by a young child over the top or through any opening or gap from the outside. Gates that provide access to the swimming pool must open outward away from the pool. The gates and barrier shall have no opening greater than ½ inch (12.7 mm) within 18 inches (457 mm) of the release mechanism.
454.2.17.1.9 Where a wall of a dwelling serves as part of the barrier, one of the following shall apply:
1. All doors and windows providing direct access from the home to the pool shall be equipped with an exit alarm complying with UL 2017 that has a minimum sound pressure rating of 85 dB A at 10 feet (3048 mm). Any deactivation switch shall be located at least 54 inches (1372 mm) above the threshold of the access. Separate alarms are not required for each door or window if sensors wired to a central alarm sound when contact is broken at any opening.
Exceptions:
a. Screened or protected windows having a bottom sill height of 48 inches (1219 mm) or more measured from the interior finished floor at the pool access level.
b. Windows facing the pool on floor above the first story.
c. Screened or protected pass-through kitchen windows 42 inches (1067 mm) or higher with a counter beneath.
2. All doors
providing direct access from the home to the pool must be equipped with a
self-closing, self-latching device with positive mechanical latching/locking
installed a minimum of 54 inches (1372 mm) above the threshold, which is
approved by the authority having jurisdiction. [3936]
454.2.17.1.10 Where an above-ground pool structure is used as a barrier or where the barrier is mounted on top of the pool structure, and the means of access is a ladder or steps, the ladder or steps either shall be capable of being secured, locked or removed to prevent access, or the ladder or steps shall be surrounded by a barrier which meets the requirements of Sections 454.2.17.1.1 through 454.2.17.1.9 and Sections 454.2.17.1.12 through 454.2.17.1.14. When the ladder or steps are secured, locked or removed, any opening created shall not allow the passage of a 4-inch-diameter (102 mm) sphere.
454.2.17.1.11 Standard screen enclosures which meet the requirements of Section 454.2.17 may be utilized as part of or all of the "barrier" and shall be considered a "nondwelling" wall. Removable child barriers shall have one end of the barrier nonremovable without the aid of tools.
454.2.17.1.12 The barrier must be placed around the perimeter of the pool and must be separate from any fence, wall, or other enclosure surrounding the yard unless the fence, wall, or other enclosure or portion thereof is situated on the perimeter of the pool, is being used as part of the barrier, and meets the barrier requirements of this section.
454.2.17.1.13 Removable child barriers must be placed sufficiently away from the water's edge to prevent a young child or medically frail elderly person who may manage to penetrate the barrier from immediately falling into the water. Sufficiently away from the water's edge shall mean no less than 20 inches (508 mm) from the barrier to the water's edge. Dwelling or nondwelling walls including screen enclosures, when used as part or all of the barrier and meeting the other barrier requirements, may be as close to the water's edge as permitted by this code.
424.2.17.1.14 A wall of a dwelling may serve as part of the barrier if it does not contain any door or window that opens to provide direct access from the home to the swimming pool.
454.2.17.1.15 A mesh safety barrier meeting the requirements of Section 454.2.17 and the following minimum requirements shall be considered a barrier as defined in this section:
1. Individual component vertical support posts shall be capable of resisting a minimum of 52 pounds (24 kg) of horizontal force prior to breakage when measured at a 36 inch (914 mm) height above grade. Vertical posts of the child safety barrier shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) below deck level and shall be spaced no greater than 36 inches (914 mm) apart.
2. The mesh utilized in the barrier shall have a minimum tensile strength according to ASTM D 5034 of 100 lbf, and a minimum ball burst strength according to ASTM D 3787 of 150 lbf. The mesh shall not be capable of deformation such that a 1/4-inch (6.4 mm) round object could not pass through the mesh. The mesh shall receive a descriptive performance rating of no less than "trace discoloration" or "slight discoloration" when tested according to ASTM G 53, Weatherability, 1,200 hours.
3. When using a molding strip to attach the mesh to the vertical posts, this strip shall contain, at a minimum, #8 by ½ inch (12.7 mm) screws with a minimum of two screws at the top and two at the bottom with the remaining screws spaced a maximum of 6 inches (152 mm) apart on center.
4. Patio deck sleeves (vertical post receptacles) placed inside the patio surface shall be of a nonconductive material.
5. A latching device shall attach each barrier section at a height no lower than 45 inches (1143 mm) above grade. Common latching devices that include, but are not limited to, devices that provide the security equal to or greater than that of a hook-and-eye-type latch incorporating a spring actuated retaining lever (commonly referred to as a safety gate hook).
6. The bottom of the mesh safety barrier shall not be more than 1 inch (25 mm) above the deck or installed surface (grade).
454.2.17.1.16 Adjacent waterways. Permanent natural or permanent man-made features such as bulkheads, canals, lakes, navigable waterways, etc., adjacent to a public or private swimming pool or spa may be permitted as a barrier when approved by the authority having jurisdiction. When evaluating such barrier features, the authority may perform on-site inspections and review evidence such as surveys, aerial photographs, water management agency standards and specifications, and any other similar documentation to verify, at a minimum, the following:
1. The barrier feature is not subject to natural changes, deviations, or alterations and is capable of providing an equivalent level of protection as that provided by the code.
2. The barrier feature clearly impedes, prohibits or restricts access to the swimming pool or spa.
454.2.17.2 Indoor swimming pools. All walls surrounding indoor swimming pools shall comply with Section 454.2.17.1.9.
454.2.17.3 Prohibited locations. A barrier may not be located in a way that allows any permanent structure, equipment, or window that opens to provide access from the home to the swimming pool.
454.2.18 Ladders and steps. All pools whether public or private shall be provided with a ladder or steps in the shallow end where water depth exceeds 24 inches (610 mm). In private pools where water depth exceeds 5 feet (1524 mm) there shall be ladders, stairs or underwater benches/ swim-outs in the deep end. Where manufactured diving equipment is to be used, benches or swim-outs shall be recessed or located in a corner.
Exception: In private pools having more than one shallow end, only one set of steps are required. A bench, swimout or ladder may be used at all additional shallow ends in lieu of an additional set of steps.
454.2.19 Final inspection. Final electrical, and barrier code, inspection shall be completed prior to filling the pool with water.
Exception: Vinyl liner and fiberglass pools are required to be filled with water upon installation.
454.2.20 Filters. Components shall have sufficient capacity to provide a complete turnover of pool water in 12 hours or less.
454.2.20.1 Sand filters.
454.2.20.1.1 Approved types. Rapid sand filters [flow up to 5 gpm per square foot (.3L/s)] shall be constructed in accordance with approved standards. Where high rate sand filters [flow in excess of 5 gpm per square foot (.3 L/s)] are used, they shall be of an approved type. The circulation system and backwash piping shall be adequate for proper backwashing of said filter and shall provide backwash flow rates of at least 12 gpm per square foot (.8 L/s) or rapid sand filters or 15 gpm per square foot (.9 L/s) for high rate sand filters.
454.2.20.1.2 Instructions. Every filter system shall be provided with written operating instructions.
454.2.20.1.3 Filter system equipment. On pressure-type filters, a means shall be provided to permit the release of internal pressure. A filter incorporating an automatic internal air release as its principal means of air release shall have lids which provide a slow and safe release of pressure as part of its design. A separation tank used in conjunction with a filter tank shall have as part of its design a manual means of air release or a lid which provides a slow and safe release of pressure as it is opened.
454.2.20.2 Diatomite type filters.
454.2.20.2.1 Design. Diatomite-type filters shall be designed for operation under either pressure or vacuum. The design capacity for both pressure and vacuum filters shall not exceed 2 gpm per square foot (.13 L/s) of effective filter area.
454.2.20.2.2 Filter aid. Provision shall be made to introduce filter aid into the filter in such a way as to evenly precoat the filter septum.
454.2.21 Pool fittings.
454.2.21.1 Approved type. Pool fittings shall be of an approved type and design as to be appropriate for the specific application.
454.2.21.2 Skimmers. Approved surface skimmers are required and shall be installed in strict accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Skimmers shall be installed on the basis of one per 800 square feet (74 m2) of surface area or fraction thereof, and shall be designed for a flow rate of at least 25 gpm (94L/m) per skimmer.
454.2.21.3 Main outlet. An approved main outlet, when provided, shall be located on a wall or floor at or near the deepest point in the pool for emptying or circulation, or both, of the water in the pool.
454.2.21.4 Hydrostatic relief device. In areas of anticipated water table an approved hydrostatic relief device shall be installed.
Exception: Plastic liner pools (where there is no structural bottom to the pool).
454.2.21.5 Inlet fittings. Approved manufactured inlet fittings for the return of recirculated pool water shall be provided on the basis of at least one per 300 square feet (28 m2) of surface area. Such inlet fittings shall be designed and constructed to insure an adequate seal to the pool structure and shall incorporate a convenient means of sealing for pressure testing of the pool circulation piping. Where more than one inlet is required, the shortest distance between any two required inlets shall be at least 10 feet (3048 mm).
454.2.22 Equipment foundations and enclosures. All pool motors and equipment shall be installed in compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations. All heating and electrical equipment, unless approved for outdoor installation, shall be adequately protected against the weather or installed within a building.
454.2.23 Accessibility and clearances. Equipment shall be so installed as to provide ready accessibility for cleaning, operating, maintenance and servicing.
Section 455 Public Lodging
Establishments. Add Florida specific
requirements from Section 425 of the 2010 Florida
Building Code, Building.
SECTION 455
PUBLIC LODGING ESTABLISHMENTS
455.1 Scope. Public lodging establishments shall comply with the following design and construction standards.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Business and Professional Regulations (DBPR) Rules 61C-1 and 61C-3, Florida Administrative Code and Chapter 509, Florida Statutes.
455.2 Definitions.
PUBLIC LODGING ESTABLISHMENT. See Section 509.013, Florida Statutes.
455.3 General sanitation and safety requirements. The following general requirements and standards shall be met by all public lodging establishments:
455.3.1 Water, plumbing and waste. Except as specifically provided in this code, standards for water, plumbing and waste shall be governed by Chapter 5 of 1999 Food Code and Chapter 509 Part I, Florida Statutes. For the purposes of this section, the term "food establishment" as referenced in the Food Code shall apply to all public lodging establishments as defined in Chapter 509, Florida Statutes.
455.3.2 Public bathrooms.
455.3.2.1 Each public lodging establishment shall be provided with adequate and conveniently located bathroom facilities for its employees and guests in accordance with provisions of this section and the Florida Building Code, Plumbing. Public access to toilet facilities shall not be permitted through food preparation, storage, or ware washing areas. Bathroom fixtures shall be of readily cleanable sanitary design.
455.3.2.2 Public bathrooms shall be completely enclosed and shall have tight-fitting, self-closing doors or have entrances and exits constructed in such a manner as to ensure privacy of occupants. Such doors shall not be left open except during cleaning or maintenance.
455.3.2.3 Resort condominiums, nontransient establishments and resort dwellings are exempt from the provisions of this section.
455.3.3 Vermin control. Effective control measures shall be taken to protect against the entrance into the establishment, and the breeding or presence on the premises of rodents, flies, roaches and other vermin. All buildings shall be effectively rodentproofed. All windows used for ventilation must be screened, except when effective means of vermin control are used. Screening material shall not be less than 16 mesh to the inch or equivalent, tightfitting and free of breaks.
455.3.4 Fire safety. All fire safety, protection and prevention
equipment must be installed, approved, maintained and used in accordance with
Chapter 509, Florida Statutes,
Chapter 69A-3 Fire Prevention-General Prevention Code, Florida Administrative Codes.
455.3.4.1 Specialized smoke detectors. Specialized smoke detectors for the deaf and hearing-impaired shall be made available upon request by guests in transient public lodging establishments without charge. Failure of the operator to inform any employee charged with registering guests of the location of such detector constitutes failure to make such detectors available.
455.3.5 Electrical wiring. To prevent fire or injury, defective electrical wiring shall be replaced and wiring shall be kept in good repair. Only a wall switch or approved pull cord shall be permitted in bathrooms. Electrical wiring shall be in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
455.3.6 Heating and ventilation. The heating and ventilation system shall be kept in good repair or be installed to maintain a minimum of 68°F (20°C) throughout the building.
455.3.7 Gas appliances. All appliances, including water heaters using gas, shall be properly vented as required by the Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas.
455.4 Sanitation and
safety requirements.
455.4.1 Guest bathrooms.
455.4.1.1 Connecting bathrooms shall provide toilets with open-front seats. Guest and private bathrooms shall provide toilets. Guest, private, and connecting bathrooms shall provide lavatories and shower enclosures with hot and cold running water under pressure.
455.4.1.2 Each transient public lodging establishment shall maintain one public bathroom with a minimum of a toilet, lavatory, and shower enclosure for each sex on every floor for every 15 guests rooming on that floor not having access to private or connecting bathrooms.
455.4.2 Ice storage bins. Ice storage bins shall be drained through an air gap in accordance with the provisions of the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
455.4.3 Locks. A locking device shall be provided in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Public lodging establishments as defined in rule 61C-1.002(4)(a), Florida Statutes, shall have at least one approved locking device which does not include a sliding chain or hook-and-eye type device, on all outside and connecting doors which cannot be opened by a nonmaster guest room key.
Section 456 Public Food Service Establishments. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 426 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 456
PUBLIC FOOD SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS
456.1 Scope. Public food service establishments or food establishments shall comply with design and construction standards as described in the Food Code, Chapter 509 Part I or Chapter 500, Florida Statutes, as applicable.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR) Rule 61C-4, Florida Administrative Code, Chapter 500 and Chapter 509, Florida Statutes.
456.2 Definitions.
PUBLIC FOOD SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS. See Section 509.013, Florida Statutes.
FOOD ESTABLISHMENTS. See Section 500.03, Florida Statutes.
456.3 General sanitation and safety requirements. The following general requirements and standards shall be met by all food service establishments:
456.3.1 Water, plumbing, and waste. Except as specifically provided in this section, standards for water, plumbing and waste shall be governed by Chapter 5, Food Code, herein adopted by reference.
456.3.1.1 Grease interceptors shall be designed and installed in
accordance with the Florida Building
Code, Plumbing.
456.3.2 Public bathrooms.
456.3.2.1 Food service establishment shall be provided with adequate and conveniently located bathroom facilities for its employees and guests in accordance with provisions of the Florida Building Code, Plumbing. Public access to toilet facilities shall not be permitted through food preparation, storage, or ware washing areas. Bathroom fixtures shall be of readily cleanable sanitary design.
456.3.2.2 Public bathrooms shall be completely enclosed and shall have tight-fitting, self closing doors or, in public lodging establishments or bathrooms located outside a public food service, have entrances and exits constructed in such a manner as to ensure privacy of occupants.
456.3.3 Vermin control. Effective control measures shall be taken to protect against the entrance into the establishment, and the breeding or presence on the premises of rodents, flies, roaches and other vermin. All buildings shall be effectively rodentproofed. All windows used for ventilation must be screened, except when effective means of vermin control are used. Screening material shall not be less than 16 mesh to the inch or equivalent, tightfitting and free of breaks.
456.3.4 Fire safety. All fire safety, protection and prevention equipment must be installed, approved, maintained and used in accordance with Chapter 509, Florida Statutes, Chapter 69A-55, Uniform Fire Safety Standards for Public Food Service Establishments, FAC, and the Florida Fire Prevention Code as adopted by the State Fire Marshal.
456.3.5 Electrical wiring. To prevent fire or injury, defective electrical wiring shall be replaced and wiring shall be kept in good repair. Only a wall switch or approved pull cord shall be permitted in bathrooms. Electrical wiring shall be in accordance with the provisions of Florida Building Code, Building, Chapter 27.
456.3.6 Gas
appliances.
456.3.6.1 All appliances, including water heaters using gas, shall be properly vented in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas. All appliances shall have a nationally recognized testing laboratory seal such as AGA or UL seal.
456.3.6.2 Heating appliances shall be properly sized in Btu input for room air space. Proper sizing of heating appliances shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Florida Building Code, Fuel Gas.
456.4 Sanitation and
safety requirements.
456.4.1 Bathroom facilities. All bathrooms shall be of easy and convenient access to both patrons and employees and shall be located on the same floor of the premises served. For the purpose of this section, the same floor includes any intermediate levels between the floor and ceiling of any room or space not to exceed a vertical height of 8 feet (2438 mm). Public food service establishments whose occupancy is incidental to another occupancy may utilize public restrooms provided on the same floor. The travel distance may vary where adequate directional signs are provided and the number of fixtures is deemed satisfactory by the applicable plumbing authority. Each public food service establishment shall maintain a minimum of one public bathroom for each sex, properly designated, except as provided herein:
456.4.1.1 Places serving food or drink on a take-out, carry-out or delivery basis only which provide no seating shall be required to provide a minimum of one bathroom accessible to the public.
456.4.1.2 Arcades, malls, or flea markets containing public food service establishments which offer no seating within the public food service establishment may have centrally located bathroom facilities accessible to patrons of the establishments in the arcade, mall, or flea market provided such bathroom facilities are within 300 feet (91 440 mm) of each establishment.
456.4.1.3 Public food service establishments located within theme parks and entertainment complexes may utilize centrally located bathroom facilities accessible to patrons of the establishments in the theme park or entertainment complex provided such bathroom facilities are reasonably accessible. For purposes of this section, reasonably accessible means within 300 feet (91 440 mm) of each establishment.
456.4.1.4 Public food service establishments which seat 10 persons or less shall be required to provide a minimum of one bathroom accessible to the public.
456.4.1.5 Public food service establishments located within a public lodging establishment shall be permitted to utilize public bathrooms located within the public lodging establishment, provided such bathrooms are available for use by the patrons of the public food service establishment during all hours of operation, are within 300 feet (91 440 mm) of the public food service establishment, and are located on the same floor as the public food service establishment. For purposes of this section, the same floor includes any intermediate levels between the floor and ceiling of any room or space without restriction as to vertical height.
Section 457 Mental Health Programs. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 427 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 457
MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
457.1 Public mental
health crisis stabilization units and short-term residential treatment
programs.
457.1.1 Scope. Crisis stabilization units and short-term residential treatment units shall comply with the design and construction standards in this section.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) Rule 65E-12, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 394, Florida Statutes.
457.1.2 Definitions.
CRISIS STABILIZATION UNIT (CSU). A state-supported mental health service or program and is a short-term alternative to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization and an integrated part of a designated public receiving facility under the authority of Chapter 394, Florida Statutes. A CSU provides brief intensive services for individuals who are presented as acutely mentally ill on a 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week basis, under the licensing authority of the department of Children and Families and the Agency for Health Care Administration. The purpose of a CSU is emergency psychiatric reception, psychiatric examination, to stabilize and redirect people to the most appropriate and least restrictive treatment settings consistent with their needs.
SHORT-TERM RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT PROGRAM (SRT). A state-supported acute care 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week residential alternative service, generally of 90 days or less, and which is an integrated part of a designated public receiving facility and receives state mental health funds under the authority of chapter 394, Florida Statutes. The purpose of an SRT is to provide less acute intensive short-term treatment to individuals who have previously been admitted to either a hospital or CSU and have been transferred to the SRT as being temporarily in need of a 24-hour-a-day structured therapeutic setting in a less restrictive, but longer-stay alternative to hospitalization.
457.1.3 Facility standards for facilities licensed prior to or on July
14, 1993.
457.1.3.1 Building construction requirements.
457.1.3.1.1 Construction, additions, refurbishing, renovations, and alterations to existing facilities shall comply with the following codes and standards:
1. The building codes described in the Florida Building Code;
2. The
fire codes contained in Chapter 69A-44, "Minimum Fire Safety Standards for
Residential Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment and Prevention Programs, Mental
Health Residential Treatment Facilities and Crisis Stabilization Units," Florida Administrative Code, as
described in the NFPA 101, Chapters 18 and 19, Special Definitions, as adopted
by the Florida Fire Prevention Code,
as applicable to limited health care facilities, which is included by reference
in Chapter 59A-3, Florida Administrative
Code.
457.1.3.2 Minimum physical plant requirements. Each CSU and SRT shall conform to the requirements of Sections 457.1.3.2.1 through 457.1.3.2.12.
457.1.3.2.1 In multiple occupancy bedrooms or sleeping areas there shall be a minimum of 60 square feet (6 m2) per bed and no less than a 30-inch (762 mm) separation between beds. Bedrooms shall be limited to a maximum of four occupants.
457.1.3.2.2 The minimum size of a single occupant bedroom shall be 55 square feet (5 m2).
457.1.3.2.3 Each CSU shall have at least one seclusion room and another room which may be used as a seclusion room. Each SRT shall have a seclusion room. Seclusion rooms shall be a minimum of 55 square feet (5 m2). If a restraint bed is utilized it shall have access around it and be bolted to the floor. Seclusion rooms shall minimally include a mattress. Ceilings shall be solid, and all lighting fixtures shall be tamperproof, and power receptacles are not permitted in the room.
457.1.3.2.4 The facility shall have at least one water fountain readily accessible for the use of persons receiving services.
457.1.3.2.5 The facility shall have a minimum ratio of one shower for each eight individuals and one toilet and lavatory for each six individuals. Individual shower stalls and dressing areas shall be provided. The use of gang showers is prohibited. Access to a bathroom shall not be through another person's room.
457.1.3.2.6 The facility shall have a locked area for personal possessions being held for safekeeping. Individual shelves or other similar dividers shall be provided in the locked area for the storage of personal possessions. The facility shall have written policies and procedures to ensure reasonable access to personal possessions.
457.1.3.2.7 Each facility shall have a fenced outside recreation area with a minimum fence height of no less than 6 feet (1829 mm) suitable for impeding elopements.
457.1.3.2.8 External windows shall have security screens or equivalent protection.
457.1.3.2.9 The facility shall provide an appropriate separate nontreatment area to serve as a general reception area with accommodations for such activities as receiving visitors. This reception area shall be separated from the treatment area by a locked doorway.
457.1.3.2.10 When a CSU is collocated with another program, as provided for in Section 65E-12.106(23), Florida Administrative Code, the following minimum facility requirements shall be met.
Collocation means the operation of CSU and SRT, or CSU and substance abuse detoxification services from a common nurses' station without treatment system integration. It may result in the administration of those services by the same organization and the sharing of common services, such as housekeeping, maintenance and professional services.
1. A CSU shall be separated and secured by locked doors, used by persons receiving services, from the SRT and detoxification units.
2. Whenever a CSU is collocated with an SRT or substance abuse detoxification unit there shall be no compromise in CSU standards. In all instances, whenever there is a conflict between CSU rules and SRT, alcohol or drug abuse rules, the more restrictive rules shall apply.
457.1.3.2.11 All CSUs shall be locked facilities and, to the maximum extent practical, provide a locked perimeter around a living unit and fenced exercise area within which individuals can reside 24 hours-a-day in an environment designed to minimize potential for injury. Where this is not possible, operational compensation shall be made as follows:
1. Each person receiving services shall be provided a minimum of 175 square feet (16 m2) of usable client space within the CSU. Useable client space is the sum, in gross square feet, of all rooms, interior wall to interior wall, that are part of a CSU and SRT facility. mechanical and electrical rooms, administrative and staff offices, screening areas, nurses' stations, visitor and reception areas, crawl space and attic space are excluded. Bedrooms shall be spacious and attractive, and activity rooms or space shall be provided.
2. CSU facilities shall be locked to provide reasonable control over access to and egress from the unit, recreational area, and emergency reception areas. When individuals are moved to other areas, the pathways shall also be locked or have adequate control provisions to prevent elopement. Such controlled passageways shall include access to the emergency reception area, unit proper, off unit doorways, and recreational areas.
3. All unit door locks shall employ a common key for rapid access in emergency situations with quick releasing or single-turn mechanisms.
427.1.3.2.12 Food preparation areas for 13 or more persons shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 64E-11, Florida Administrative Code, "Food Hygiene."
457.1.3.3 Health and sanitation.
457.1.3.3.1 Appropriate health and sanitation inspections shall be obtained before occupying any new physical facility or addition. A report of the most recent inspections must be on file and accessible to authorized individuals.
457.1.3.3.2 Hot and cold running water under pressure shall be readily available in all washing, bathing and food preparation areas. Hot water in areas used by persons being served shall be at least 100°F (38°C) but not exceed 120°F (49°C).
457.1.3.4 Seclusion room. Each CSU shall have at least one seclusion room located in the CSU facility. Additional space shall be available that can be used either as a seclusion room or bedroom, as need dictates. Policies and procedures shall be developed on handling emergency situations that require seclusion. Each SRT shall have a seclusion room.
457.1.4 Minimum construction standards for CSU and SRT facilities
initially licensed after July 14, 1993.
457.1.4.1 Construction requirements.
457.1.4.1.1 New facility construction. New facility construction and additions, refurbishing, renovations and alterations to existing facilities shall comply with the following codes and standards:
1. The building codes described in the Florida Building Code.
2. The fire codes contained in Chapter 69A-44, "Minimum Fire Safety Standards for Residential Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment and Prevention Programs, Mental Health Residential Treatment Facilities and Crisis Stabilization Units," Florida Administrative Code, as described in the NFPA 101, Chapters 12 and 13, "Special Definitions," as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code, as applicable to limited health care facilities, which is included by reference in Chapter 59A-3, Florida Administrative Code.
3. The
accessibility requirements of the Florida
Building Code, Accessibility. [SP4695]
457.1.4.1.2 Plumbing. All plumbing shall comply with the
requirements of the Florida Building
Code, Plumbing.
457.1.4.1.3 Inspections and certificate of occupancy. Appropriate health and sanitation inspections and a certificate of occupancy shall be obtained before occupying any new facility or addition. A report of the most recent inspections must be on file and accessible to authorized individuals.
457.1.4.1.4 Sprinklers. No unsprinklered building classification as defined in the Florida Building Code, Building, is allowed. All facilities shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler and smoke detection system to include a smoke detector in every bedroom. Provision shall be made for automatic emergency forces notification.
457.1.4.1.5 Surge protection. Surge protection in compliance with the National Electric Code, Article 280, as incorporated by reference in Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building, shall be installed to protect each service entrance equipment and have integral visual indication of surge protector failure. Additional surge protection shall be provided for all low-voltage and power connections to all electronic equipment and conductors entering or exiting the building and other life safety systems equipment such as fire alarm, telephone, and nurse call. Protection shall be in accordance with appropriate IEEE standards for the type of equipment being protected.
457.1.4.2 Overall functional design.
427.1.4.2.1 The CSU or SRT shall be designed to provide a locked perimeter around a living unit and fenced exercise area within which individuals can reside 24 hours a day in an environment designed to minimize potential for injury. The CSU or SRT structure shall be single story ground level facility. These facilities shall have separate off-unit reception and administration areas which may also be locked. Service corridors and pathways to other nonunit activities shall not be through the locked CSU or SRT unit.
457.1.4.2.2 The walls throughout all client areas of the CSU or SRT shall either be concrete block or a double layer of gypsum wallboard or 3/4-inch (19 mm) thick plaster on metal lath to minimize maintenance of the facility. The general architecture of the unit shall provide for optimal line-of-sight observation from the nurses' station throughout the unit, minimizing hidden spots and blind corners.
457.1.4.2.3 The CSU or SRT shall be designed to create a pleasant functional therapeutic environment throughout, by the use of sunlight, colors, designs, textures, and furnishings. The design shall achieve a secure unit which looks more residential than institutional in its construction and furnishings, while incorporating substantial safety considerations throughout.
457.1.4.2.4 The CSU or SRT shall be designed in order that the general unit be divided into a close observation area and a general observation area based upon the need for frequent physical proximity, singular observation of individuals, and lowered stimulation levels. These areas do not need physical separation; for example, they may be the left and right sides of the unit.
457.1.4.2.4.1 Close observation area. This area shall include persons brought onto the CSU or SRT needing initial observation or restraints, individualized observation, and lowered stimulation levels, all of which require the frequent physical proximity of nurses. This area shall be directly adjacent to the primary unit doorway and nurses' station. The immediately adjacent rooms shall be used for single occupancy and restraint or seclusion. These rooms shall be remote from routine high activity areas and corridors.
457.1.4.2.4.2 General observation area. This shall include areas where persons routinely congregate or walk through such as multioccupant bedrooms, activity rooms, smoking areas, dining room and routine traffic corridors, or pathways. The dining and activity areas shall be directly observable, or under constant staff supervision, but may be a greater distance from the nurses' station.
457.1.4.2.5 All areas of CSUs and SRTs shall be ventilated by central, ducted supply and return forced air systems. Toilets, bathrooms and soiled function rooms shall be mechanically exhausted to the outside. Ventilation units shall distribute tempered heated or cooled air to all spaces and shall supply outside air in the quantity of either the sum of all exhausts or 20 cfm (.009 m3/s) per person whichever is greater. The quality of all exhausts must match the intake volume of all outside air. Supply, exhaust, and return fans shall run continuously while the building is occupied. Areas in which smoking is permitted shall be well vented by at least 35 cfm (.02 m3/s) per person to the outside in order to minimize smoke diffusion throughout the unit.
457.1.4.2.6 All doors opening directly onto the unit from nonclient rooms or office areas shall be equipped with locksets which are key released to leave the client area and permit unobstructed return to the client area. Door closures are required to deny persons receiving services accidental unsupervised access to the contents of staff offices, janitorial closets, and mechanical areas.
457.1.4.2.7 Corridors shall ensure maximum clear distances by recessing water fountains and fire extinguishers, or placing them in alcoves. Corridors in client areas must be at least a 6 foot (1829 mm) clear width; nonclient areas must be at least 44 inches (1118 mm) minimum clear width. Corridor ceilings shall be a minimum height of 7 feet 6 inches (2284 mm).
457.1.4.2.8 Hot and cold running water under pressure shall be readily available in all washing, bathing, food preparation, and food handling areas. Hot water in client areas shall be at least 100°F (38°C), but not exceed 120°F (49°C).
457.1.4.2.9 The minimum size for doors shall be no less than 3 feet (914 mm) wide and 6 feet 8 inches high (2032 mm). Areas accessible to persons with physical disabilities shall comply with applicable codes and standards.
457.1.4.2.10 Since glass fragments are a safety hazard throughout the unit, the use of glass shall be minimal.
457.1.4.2.11 All television sets must be securely fastened.
457.1.4.2.12 Door closures shall not be utilized in unobserved client areas.
457.1.4.2.13 All CSUs and SRTs equipped with electronic locks on internal doors or egress doors shall ensure that such locks have manual common key mechanical override that will operate in the event of a power failure or fire. Egress pathways and doors shall be locked as provided for in the Life Safety Code, NFPA 101, Chapter 12, as incorporated by reference in Chapter 59A-3, Florida Administrative Code as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code,
457.1.4.2.14 CSUs and SRTs with electronic or magnetic door locks or other fundamental operational components which are electric shall have either: a battery back-up system rated for facility emergency power draw and capable of sustaining door locks and emergency operations for a minimum period of 6 hours; or an emergency generator with transfer switch with a battery pack back-up system capable of operating for 2 hours at facility emergency power draw level.
457.1.4.2.15 The use of door vision panels and windows shall minimize the opportunity for isolation of staff or persons served in unobserved areas. This does not include privacy provisions such as bathrooms and bedrooms.
457.1.4.3 Uniform specifications.
457.1.4.3.1 The design shall ensure that each person receiving services in a CSU or SRT is provided a minimum of 175 square feet (16 m2) of usable client space.
457.1.4.3.2 Tamper-resistant screws shall be used to protect electrical switches and outlets throughout the facility in all areas accessible to persons receiving services. Lighting fixtures shall be tamperproof type throughout the facility in all areas accessible to persons receiving services.
457.1.4.3.3 All electrical switches and outlets in wet areas shall be ground-fault protected with a remote breaker switch. Tamperproof, safety type duplex outlets shall be used in all areas accessible to persons receiving services.
457.1.4.3.4 Air ducts shall be covered with a perforated type metal grille not residential louvered grilles, throughout the unit in all areas accessible to persons receiving services.
457.1.4.3.5 All hose bibbs shall be equipped with a vacuum breaker device.
457.1.4.3.6 The unit shall have a minimum of one drinking fountain.
457.1.4.3.7 Ceiling height in bedrooms, activity areas, and bathrooms shall be at least 9 feet (2743 mm).
457.1.4.3.8 The operation of all perimeter locks shall ensure reasonable control over both access and egress.
457.1.4.4 Administration and public areas.
457.1.4.4.1 Waiting rooms shall have an adjacent rest room which is designed to accommodate persons with physical disabilities in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Accessibility.
457.1.4.4.2 The entrance shall be grade level, sheltered from inclement weather and accessible to persons with physical disabilities in accordance with the Florida Building Code, Accessibility.
457.1.4.4.3 The lobby shall include a drinking fountain and space for clerical personnel. Private interview space for emergency screening of voluntary persons shall be adjacent to the lobby.
457.1.4.5 Emergency screening area for CSUs.
457.1.4.5.1 This shall be a locked area in which law enforcement admissions may be received. This area shall not be wholly isolated visually from the CSU to provide safety for emergency screening personnel who may become isolated in this area. This area shall provide for medical clearance, emergency screening, bathroom facilities, and other activities which may be necessary.
457.1.4.5.2 A separate entrance shall be provided directly to emergency screening areas and examination rooms for law enforcement personnel. It shall have a driveway where a law enforcement vehicle can pull immediately adjacent to the building before transferring a person through the separate entrance to the emergency screening area. The law enforcement entrance shall also have a lock box where the law enforcement officer can lock his weapons during such time as he or she is in the facility.
457.1.4.5.3 A separate bathroom with supervised shower area shall be located so that all persons being admitted may be showered before being admitted to the residential section of the unit.
457.1.4.6 Seclusion rooms.
457.1.4.6.1 Each CSU shall have a minimum of two seclusion rooms that shall share a common vestibule with a bathroom off the vestibule area. Each SRT shall have at least one seclusion room. Seclusion rooms shall be free of sharp edges or corners and be strongly constructed to withstand repeated physical assaults. Walls shall be either concrete block or double layered to provide resistance and be smooth. The ceilings shall be 9 feet (2743 mm) in clear height, hard-coated, and lighting fixtures recessed and tamperproof. Lighting fixtures shall be nonbreakable, preferably Lexan, and shall be installed with tamperproof screws, as shall any other items in the seclusion rooms. The seclusion room door shall be heavy wood or metal at least 36 inches (914 mm) in width and shall open outward. The door frame shall be heavy steel and shall be thoroughly bolted into the wall and cemented in.
457.1.4.6.2 At least one seclusion room in the CSU shall have a sturdily constructed bed, without sharp edges and bolted to the floor. A bed in the SRT seclusion room is optional; however, if present, the bed shall meet the same requirements as specified for the CSU. Its placement in the room shall provide adequate space for staff to apply restraints and not assist individuals in tampering with the lights, smoke detectors, cameras, or other items that may be in the ceiling of the room. There shall be a rheostat control mechanism outside the room to adjust the illumination of the light in the seclusion room.
457.1.4.6.3 The floor and walls, up to a height of 3 feet (914 mm), shall be coated with an impermeable finish to resist penetration of body fluids. One seclusion room shall have a floor drain. A hose bibb shall be in a readily adjacent area such as a bathroom.
457.1.4.6.4 There shall be a vision panel in the door of the seclusion room, no larger than 8 inches by 8 inches (203 mm by 203 mm), which provides a view of the entire room. This vision panel shall be Lexan or other suitably strong material and it shall be securely mounted in the door. Provisions shall be made to ensure privacy from the public and other persons receiving services while providing easy access for staff observation.
457.1.4.6.5 Seclusion rooms shall be a minimum of 70 square feet (7 m2) and a minimum room dimension of 9 feet (2743 mm).
457.1.4.6.6 Fire sprinkler heads shall be ceiling mounted and either recessed or flush-mounted type without a looped spray dispersal head.
457.1.4.6.7 A voice-activated and switchable emergency calling system for monitoring persons receiving services shall be provided in each seclusion room.
457.1.4.6.8 Each seclusion room shall have an electronic visual monitoring system capable of viewing the entire room and be monitored from the nurses' station.
457.1.4.7 Janitor's closet.
457.1.4.7.1 A janitor's closet shall be on the unit. It shall contain a floor receptor for mop water and provide space for mop bucket, brooms, and other minimal items. Caustic and other dangerous chemicals shall not be stored in this closet.
457.1.4.7.2 This closet shall have an automatic door closer and have automatic relocking type lock.
4527.1.4.8 Bathrooms.
457.1.4.8.1 Access to a bathroom shall not be through another person's bedroom. Bathrooms shall provide space, in addition to bathing, for dry clothes and changing of clothes and for observation staff. The shower head shall be recessed or have a smooth curve from which items cannot be hung. There shall be no overhead rod, privacy stall supports, protrusions, or fixtures capable of carrying more than 40 pounds (18 kg) of weight. The ceiling shall be hard coated. Sprinkler heads shall be either recessed or a flush-mounted type dispersal head. The toilet shall be a flushometer-type, not residential with water tank and cover. Toilets shall be of heavy duty construction securely fastened to the floor and have seats with locking nuts. Secure cleanout access shall be provided for the toilet to clean out plugs and pipes. Floor drains in bathroom areas shall be of sufficient size that they cannot be plugged by standing on them.
457.1.4.8.2 Mirrors shall not be common glass. A polycarbonate mirror, fully secured, and flat-mounted to the wall is required. Polished metal mirrors shall not be permitted.
457.1.4.8.3 Lighting fixtures shall be recessed and tamperproof with Lexan or other strong translucent material.
457.1.4.8.4 Bathroom fixtures, shower, lavatory, and toilet shall be readily accessible from a common area. If not accessible from a common area, they will be deemed to be available only to the occupants of directly adjoining bedroom or bedrooms.
457.1.4.8.5 Each CSU and SRT shall have a bathroom of sufficient size for use by persons with physical disabilities. It shall include toilet, lavatory, shower, and safety grab bars for shower and toilet.
457.1.4.8.6 The facility shall have a minimum ratio of one shower for each eight persons receiving services and one toilet and lavatory for each six persons receiving services. Individual shower stalls and dressing areas shall be provided. The use of gang showers is prohibited.
457.1.4.9 Nurses' station.
457.1.4.9.1 The nurses' station shall be positioned so that the unit may be under constant direct visual surveillance. Charting and records areas shall be located in the rear of the nurses' station, and not in a separate area, so that staff on duty can readily observe the client areas. A bathroom shall be nearby for staff use. The nurses' station, if separated from client areas, shall utilize either Lexan or safety wire glass for enclosure to above counter top level. If not enclosed the counter top shall be at least 18 inches (457 mm) in width.
457.1.4.9.2 Thirty is the maximum number of beds which may be served by a common nurses' station in colocated units, as described in Section 65E-12.106(23), F.A.C.
457.1.4.9.3 The nurses' station, which functions as the primary control center, shall have necessary electronic assistance such as camera monitors and intercoms in more remote areas where persons may become isolated. Areas warranting visual and auditory monitoring include remote entrance or egress doors, isolated hallways, after hours law enforcement entrance, emergency screening area, and fenced recreational yard.
457.1.4.10 Medication room. The medication room shall be located near the nurses' station. The medication room shall have a sink, refrigerator, locked storage, and facilities for dispensing medication. Security against unauthorized access shall be assured. The refrigerator shall store medications and clean materials only.
457.1.4.11 Examination room. A suitable examination room shall be provided for physical examinations, nursing assessments, and other related medical activities. It shall include a sink for hand washing.
457.1.4.12 Bedrooms.
457.1.4.12.1 Ceilings shall be nonaccessible to prohibit persons receiving services from entering attic spaces or having access to overhead pipes and beams. Light switches and electrical outlets shall be secured with nontamper type screws. When feasible each bedroom shall have a window, operable by staff, with an exterior view. Window sills shall not exceed a height of 36 inches (914 mm) above floor level and should incorporate protective screens or Lexan-type material to prevent direct access to glass surfaces. There should be no overhead protrusions available for hanging in excess of 40 pounds (18 kg) weight.
457.1.4.12.2 Beds and other heavy furniture suitable for barricading the door shall be secured to the floor or walls.
457.1.4.12.3 multiple occupant bedrooms shall be limited to a maximum of four occupants and shall be a minimum size of 60 square feet (6 m2) per bed with no less than a 30-inch (762 mm) separation between beds. Single occupant bedrooms shall be a minimum of 80 square feet (7 m2).
457.1.4.12.4 Bedroom doors shall be a minimum of 36 inches wide.
457.1.4.13 Kitchen and nourishment preparation area.
457.1.4.13.1 Preparation or food handling areas shall have water and plumbing fixtures suitable for cleaning dining utensils. The requirements for nourishment preparation areas are less than that of kitchens due to the minimal scale of operations for these areas. If these areas are accessible to persons receiving services, they should include appropriate safety considerations for sharp and other dangerous instruments and the elimination of hot surfaces. Space shall be provided for disposal of wet garbage. Refrigeration and freezer space shall be provided in these areas for the carryover of a minimum amount of perishable food.
457.1.4.13.2 Kitchens shall comply with Chapter 64E-11, Florida Administrative Code, Food Preparation and Sanitation Requirements, as well as the 1985 NFPA 101, Chapters 12 and 13, Fire Safety Requirements as incorporated by reference in Chapter 59A3, Florida Administrative Code as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code. Kitchens shall be designed with flow-through type operation where food arriving is immediately placed into dry storage or freezer units without walking through food preparation areas. The flow-through type system would provide for the preparation of food, serving and dishes returned with garbage and waste going out to an adjacent dumpster and can wash with water collection curbing and drain. A concrete pad shall be provided for the trash dumpster and garbage truck entrance.
457.1.4.13.3 Kitchens shall be equipped with fire suppression hoods and through-wall grease laden air evacuation and ventilation systems. All electrical outlets shall be ground-fault circuit interrupter protected. If meals are to be served via an open area, directly from the kitchen, this area shall have a fire-rated steel retractable overhead door type mechanism to continue the fire wall protection around the kitchen area. Kitchens shall have heat detectors rather than smoke sensors.
457.1.4.13.4 External to the kitchen, and outside the waste exit door, there shall be a curbed slop sink for mops and dirty kitchen water with an immediately accessible hose bibb and drain. This area shall be external to the kitchen area, but immediately adjacent to it, to provide ready disposal of waste water as well as for the removal of cleaning items from the kitchen when they are not in use.
457.1.4.13.5 There shall be a large food storage pantry in or adjacent to the kitchen.
457.1.4.13.6 Facilities using off-site kitchens for food
preparation shall have an onsite food reception, warming, and holding area of
sufficient size and with sufficient equipment to warm and hold food for each
meal served. Required space shall include provision for proper disposal or
holding of used implements and disposal of wet garbage in accordance with
Chapter 64E-11, Florida Administrative Code.
457.1.4.14 Dining area. Each CSU or SRT shall have an attractive dining area on the unit. Seating capacity shall reflect the licensed capacity of the entire CSU or SRT, although residents may eat or be served in shifts during daily operations. Individual, rather than bench seating, shall be used for easy floor cleaning.
457.1.4.15 Unit laundry facilities.
457.1.4.15.1 Provision shall be made for the storage of soiled laundry in an adjacent, isolated, fire-resistant area.
457.1.4.15.2 Each CSU or SRT shall have a personal laundry room which shall incorporate a flow-through design in which dirty laundry enters, is sorted, placed in the washer, dried, folded, and moved out without crossing clean laundry with dirty laundry. CSUs and SRTs shall have a small washer and dryer for immediate unit needs and to wash clothes. These washing and drying units shall be equipped to sanitize clothes as a preventive measure of infection control.
457.1.4.15.3 The soiled laundry room shall have a locked door equipped with automatic door closer to restrict access to cleaning chemicals. The soiled laundry room air shall be exhausted outside the facility.
457.1.4.16 Clean laundry room.
457.1.4.16.1 A separate space shall be provided for clean laundry capable of storing an adequate supply of laundry for the size of the CSU or SRT. The laundry closet shall have a locked door to prevent access to these items by persons receiving services.
457.1.4.16.2 Items stored on the top shelf shall provide an 18 inch (457 mm) clear space from sprinkler heads so as to not block dispersal of water.
457.1.4.17 Fenced recreational area.
457.1.4.17.1 CSUs and SRTs shall have a no less than 6-foot-high (1829 mm) fenced, out-of-doors area where persons receiving services may have access to fresh air and exercise. It must provide privacy for persons receiving services otherwise exposed to public view. This area shall be constructed to retain persons inside the area and minimize elopements from the area, although it is not a secure area.
457.1.4.17.2 The fenced area shall provide some shaded area where persons receiving services may be out of doors without being in direct sunlight or may receive sunlight as they desire. The enclosing fences shall have an exit gate which is located away from the building as a secondary egress from the fenced area, for use in fire situations, or access by lawn maintenance equipment. The gate shall be provided with a lock which is readily accessible from both sides. The area of this fenced enclosure shall be at least 1,100 square feet (102 m2) including an activity area having dimensions of not less than 20 feet by 40 feet (6096 mm by 1219 mm).
457.1.4.17.3 Objects shall not be placed near the fence to provide a ready step ladder over the fence and, if fabric fencing is used, the horizontal bracing used for corners shall be outside the fabric to preclude its use as an escape ladder step. The fenced area shall be designed, without blind corners, to be readily visible by one staff member standing in a central location. If desired, the fence may be topped with a 45-degree inward slanting restraining-type wire. The use of barbed wire and other sharp injurious materials, however, is prohibited.
457.1.4.17.4 This area, as all other primary fire exit routes, shall have egress lighting which is connected to the power side of the facility electrical panel so that in the event of a fire and electrical panel disconnect, the exit and congregation areas would still have lighting.
457.1.4.18 Multipurpose room. In addition to open, on unit floor space, each CSU and SRT shall have an accessible multipurpose room for group activities of at least 180 square feet (7 m2). This area may be the dining area.
457.1.4.19 Off unit storage areas.
457.1.4.19.1 Each CSU and SRT shall have appropriate storage, in nonclient areas, for operating supplies and materials.
457.1.4.19.2 Adjacent nonclient area storage for personal belongings shall be a minimum of 8 cubic feet (.23 m3) for each person receiving services.
457.2 Community mental health regulation. Adult residential treatment facilities (RTFs) shall be limited to adults and comply with the regulations in sections 457.2.1 through 457.2.4.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) Rule 65E-4.016, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 394, Florida Statutes.
457.2.1 Facility standards.
457.2.1.1 Building construction requirements. The construction and renovation of a facility shall comply with the provisions of the Florida Building Code.
457.2.2 Health and safety. Facilities and additions shall be constructed to allow full compliance with the provisions of this section.
457.2.2.1 Fire safety.
457.2.2.1.1 Residential treatment facilities shall comply with all applicable federal, state and local fire safety standards as follows:
1. Level IA licensed facilities shall comply with the fire codes contained in Chapter 69A-3, Fire Prevention-General Provisions, Florida Administrative Code, as described in the NFPA. 101, Chapters 18 and 19, Special Definitions as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code, as applicable to limited health care facilities.
2. For facility Level IB, which may have no more than three residents incapable of self preservation, and for facility Levels II, III, IV and V, which may have no residents incapable of self-preservation, each resident record shall have a signed statement by a physician or licensed psychologist regarding the resident's capability of self-preservation.
3. Facility Levels IB, II, III, IV and V shall have a prompt evacuation capability.
457.2.2.1.2 Level IV and V facilities shall have a written policy on the safe use of extension cords and adapters. The use of extension cords and adaptors is prohibited in Level I, II and III facilities.
457.2.2.1.3 Electrical cords and appliances shall be maintained in a safe condition.
457.2.2.1.4 Portable heating devices shall be used only in emergency situations as defined in agency procedures approved by the governing board.
457.2.2.1.5 Flammable liquids or gas cylinders shall not be positioned near flame or heat sources, nor stored with combustible materials.
457.2.2.1.6 Emergency power. The facility shall provide egress lighting that will operate in the event of a power failure.
457.2.2.1.7 Smoking. The program shall have a written policy governing smoking in the facilities. Smoking shall be prohibited in any area of the facility where combustible supplies, materials, liquids or gases will be used or stored.
457.2.2.1.8 Fire safety inspections. A fire safety inspection shall be obtained before occupying any new physical facility or addition.
457.2.2.2 Personal safety.
457.2.2.2.1 The building shall be free of hazards such as cracks in the floors, walls or ceiling; warped or loose boards, tile, linoleum, handrails or railings; and broken window panes or missing window screens.
457.2.2.2.2 Protection shall be provided from sharp or jagged projections, "invisible" glass, moving parts, heated surfaces, heavy objects that could fall, or any other potentially hazardous condition.
457.2.2.2.3 Grab bars shall be nonremovable.
457.2.2.2.4 The temperature of the hot water supply shall be regulated and shall be between 105°F (41°C) and 115°F (46°C) at the outlet.
457.2.2.2.5 Any electrical fans, except ceiling paddle fans, shall be screened. All electrical fans, including paddle fans, shall be placed in a safe location.
457.2.2.2.6 Indoor and outdoor recreational areas shall be provided with safeguards designed for the needs of the residents.
457.2.2.2.7 Outdoor recreational areas shall be well drained.
457.2.2.3 Health and sanitation.
457.2.2.3.1 Appropriate health and sanitation inspection certificates shall be obtained before occupying any new physical facility or addition, and at least yearly or as required by statute, thereafter. A report of the most recent inspection must be on file and accessible to authorized individuals.
457.2.2.3.2 Hot and cold running water under pressure shall be readily available in all washing, bathing and food preparation areas.
457.2.2.3.3 The kitchen and food preparation area shall be well-lighted, ventilated and located apart from areas which could cause food contamination. All doors and windows in the kitchen and food preparation areas that open to the outside shall be screened.
457.2.3 Food service.
457.2.3.1 For food service areas with a capacity of 13 or more residents, all matters pertaining to food service shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 64E-11, Florida Administrative Code.
457.2.3.2 Food preparation, sanitation and storage.
457.2.3.2.1 Each refrigerator or freezer used for storage of perishable foods shall be provided with an accurate indicating thermometer located in the warmest part toward the front side of the refrigerator or freezer so that the temperature can be easily and readily observed.
457.2.3.2.2 Freezers should be kept at or below 0°F (-18°C).
457.2.3.3 Dining.
457.2.3.3.1 Dining tables shall seat small groups of residents unless other arrangements are justified on the basis of resident needs.
457.2.3.3.2 The dining area shall be suitably lighted, ventilated and furnished.
457.2.4 Environment.
457.2.4.1 Residential facilities shall not be identified by an exterior sign or vehicle sign that labels the residents or special functions of the facility. Vehicle traffic and parking relating to the facility shall be similar to that of surrounding structures or residences.
457.2.4.2 The grounds of the facility shall have adequate space for resident activities.
457.2.4.3 The facility shall be accessible to persons with disabilities or the facility shall have written policies and procedures that describe how disabled individuals can gain access to the facility for necessary services.
457.2.4.4 Areas that accommodate the following shall be available:
1. A full range of social activities;
2. Private conversations;
3. Group activities; and
4. Resident privacy, when appropriate.
457.2.4.5 All areas of the facility occupied by residents shall be climatically controlled in a manner conducive to the comfort and privacy of the residents and shall include the following:
457.2.4.5.1 A design temperature of at least 72°F (22°C) and not to exceed 85°F (29°C) shall be used for waking hours in all areas used by residents. During sleeping hours, a temperature of at least 68°F (20°C) shall be used. These temperature requirements apply unless otherwise mandated by federal or state authorities.
457.2.4.5.2 When cooling devices are used, they shall be placed or adjusted in a manner which minimizes drafts.
457.2.4.6 Drinking water shall be readily available and easily accessible to residents.
457.2.4.7 Mirrors reasonably free of distortion shall be placed in appropriate places to aid in grooming and to enhance self-awareness.
457.2.4.8 Clocks shall be provided to promote awareness of time and day.
457.2.4.9 The use of door locks or closed sections of the building shall comply with all applicable safety standards.
457.2.4.10 Clean, well-lighted and ventilated laundering facilities for resident use shall be available on the premises or in the immediate neighborhood.
457.2.4.11 A telephone which allows private conversations shall be available and easily accessible within the facility.
457.2.4.12 Facility lighting shall promote clear perceptions of people and functions. When and where appropriate, lighting shall be controlled by residents.
457.2.4.13 Whenever feasible, the environment shall provide views of the outdoors.
457.2.4.14 Bedrooms. Bedrooms shall be designed to meet the following criteria:
457.2.4.14.1 All resident bedrooms shall be ventilated, well-lighted and located convenient to a bathroom.
457.2.4.14.2 Resident bedrooms designated for single occupancy shall provide a minimum inside measurement of 80 square feet (7 m2) of usable floor space.
457.2.4.14.3 Resident bedrooms designated for multiple occupancy shall provide a minimum inside measurement of 60 square feet (6 m2) of usable floor space per bed and be limited to four occupants.
457.2.4.14.4 All resident bedrooms shall open directly into a corridor, a common use area or the outside, except in those facilities comprised of apartments.
457.2.4.14.5 Each resident bedroom where furnishings are supplied by the facility shall be furnished with personal storage space and adequate space for hanging clothes
457.2.4.14.6 Bedroom doors shall not have vision panels.
457.2.4.15 Bathrooms. Bathrooms shall be designed to meet the following criteria:
457.2.4.15.1 A toilet and lavatory facility shall be provided for every six residents, and toilets shall be equipped with seats.
457.2.4.15.2 A minimum of one tub or shower facility, equipped with nonslip devices, shall be provided for every eight residents.
457.2.4.15.3 Bathrooms shall be ventilated, adequately lighted and have clearly labeled hot and cold running water.
457.2.4.15.4 Each bathroom shall have a door in working order to assure privacy.
457.2.4.15.5 When there is more than one toilet or bathing facility in a bathroom, provisions are required for privacy.
457.2.4.15.6 Bathrooms used by residents with disabilities shall be equipped to ensure safety and independent mobility.
457.2.4.15.7 Sole access to toilet or bathing facilities shall not be through another resident's sleeping room, except in facilities comprised of apartments.
457.2.4.16 Common living areas. Common living areas shall be designed to meet the following criteria:
457.2.4.16.1 A room, separate from sleeping areas, shall be provided where residents may read or engage in socialization or other leisure time activities.
457.2.4.16.2 A minimum of 35 square feet (3 m2) of living and dining space per resident shall be provided by all facilities except those comprised of apartments. This space shall include living, recreational and other space designated accessible to residents, but shall not include bathrooms, corridors, storage space, or screened porches which cannot be adapted for year round use. Facilities with bedrooms which include living space may count the square footage that is in excess of the bedroom square footage requirements as part of the 35 square footage (3 m2) living and dining space requirements.
Section 458 Manufactured
Buildings. Add Florida specific
requirements from Section 428 of the 2010 Florida
Building Code, Building.
SECTION 458
MANUFACTURED BUILDINGS
458.1 General. The following administrative requirements for inspection and plan review apply to manufactured buildings including factory-built schools. Additional technical requirements for factory-built schools can be found in Section 453.
Note: See
Department of Business and Professional Regulation Community Affairs (DCA) Rule ____9B-1, Florida Administrative Code and Chapter
553, Florida Statutes.
458.2 Definitions.
458.2.1 “Agency" means an individual or entity authorized to perform inspections of or review plans for manufactured buildings as provided by Rule 9B-1, Florida Administrative Code.
458.2.2 "Factory-built school" means any building designed or intended for use as a school building which is manufactured in whole or in part at an off-site facility, including prefabricated educational facilities, factory-built educational facilities and modular built educational facilities that are designed to be portable, relocatable, demountable or reconstructible, are used primarily as classrooms or the components of an entire school and do not fall under the provisions of Sections 320.822-320.862, Florida Statutes.
428.2.3
Department. Refers to Department of Business and
Professional Regulation Community Affairs.
458.3 Inspections. Inspection of installation of manufactured buildings and construction activities conducted at the site of the installation shall by conducted pursuant to Chapter 1 hereof. Inspections during the manufacturing process shall be conducted by those agencies as follows:
458.3.1
Inspections shall be conducted at the manufacturing facility by an
appropriately licensed representative of an agency selected by the manufacturer.
The inspections shall ensure that the buildings are being manufactured in
compliance with the applicable codes and the approved plans. Once an agency has
inspected a manufactured building, the manufacturer shall not seek to have the
building inspected by another agency, nor shall any agency inspect a building
that has already been inspected by another agency unless the subsequent
inspection is at the direction of the department or unless the building or
modification thereto is being inspected for recertification by the department. [3944]
458.3.2 At a minimum, a certified agency shall meet the criteria in Sections 458.3.2.1 through 458.3.2.4.
458.3.2.1 With regard to manufactured buildings,
observe the manufacture of the first building built subsequent to the plan
approval, from start to finish, inspecting all subsystems (electrical,
plumbing, structural, mechanical or thermal) thereof. Continual
observation and inspection, of the manufacturing process, shall continue until
the agency determines that the implementation of the manufacturer's
quality control program capabilities, in conjunction with application of the approved
plans and specifications, result in a building that meets or exceeds the
standards adopted herein. Thereafter, the agency shall inspect each module
produced during at least one point of the manufacturing process and shall
inspect a minimum of 75 percent of the subsystems (electrical, plumbing,
structural, mechanical or thermal) or 20 percent of storage sheds that are not
designed for human habitation and have a floor area of 720 square feet (67 m2)
or less manufactured pursuant to the approved plan. Where a production line
does not provide the subsystem percentages of inspections prescribed, in a
single inspection, additional inspections shall be performed until prescribed
percentages of installed subsystems are inspected. (3924A3)
458.3.2.2
With regard to components, observe the manufacture of the first unit assembled
subsequent to the plan approval, from start to finish, inspecting all
subsystems thereof. Continual observation and inspection shall continue until the
agency determines that the implementation of the manufacturer's quality
control program, in conjunction with application of the approved plans and
specifications and the manufacturer's capabilities, result in a component that
meets or exceeds the codes and standards adopted herein. Thereafter, the agency
shall inspect not less than 20 percent of the manufactured building components
and 75 percent, of the subsystems, in the inspected component. [3924]
458.3.2.3 During each inspection, the agency shall verify the manufacturer's in-plant quality control program is working as set forth in the approved quality control manual.
458.3.2.4 Should work stop on a particular module or component for a period of two months, reinspection shall be required.
458.3.3 When an agency discovers a deviation from the code or the approved plans which creates or threatens to create an imminent life safety hazard, all buildings or components which have progressed through that stage of production since the agency's previous inspection shall be inspected to ensure the absence of that deviation, and the agency shall immediately notify the manufacturer and the department in writing. Any building or component exhibiting the deviation shall be brought into conformance with the applicable code and the approved plans by the manufacturer within thirty days of notification of the deviation by the agency. The corrective action must be left available for reinspection by the agency.
458.3.4
The agency shall note all inspections, deviations and corrective actions in a
written inspection report and shall complete the inspection report portion of
the building code information system available via the Internet. [3944]
458.3.5 The agency shall give a copy of the inspection report(s) to the manufacturer for record and shall retain another copy. The agency or the manufacturer shall provide a copy of an inspection report to the department when requested.
458.4 Design plan and systems approval. Plan review pertaining to installation of manufactured buildings and construction activities conducted at the site of the installation shall be conducted pursuant to Chapter 1 hereof. Plan review pertaining to construction activities occurring within the manufacturing process shall be conducted by Department approved agencies. If the residential manufactured building is transportable in one or more sections and is 8 body feet or more in width or 40 body feet (12 192 mm) or more in length, or, when erected on site, is 320 square feet (29 m2) or more, and which is built on a permanent chassis, the manufacturer shall certify the manufactured building has been excluded from regulation by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. [3944]
458.4.1 Plan
approval expiration. Plan approvals for manufactured buildings shall expire
upon the effective date of the new code. Upon revision of the Florida Building Code, plan approvals
shall expire upon the effective date of that revision unless the manufacturer
files with the department a sworn statement by an agency the plans have been
reviewed and are in compliance with the revisions to the Florida Building Code. The Agency shall transmit plans
electronically through the Building Code Information System to the Department.
Exception: In accordance with
section 105.3.7, Manufacturers should be permitted to complete all buildings
designed and approved prior to the effective date of a new code edition,
provided a clear signed contract is in place. The contract shall provide
specific data mirroring that required by an application for permit,
specifically, without limitation, date of execution, building owner or dealer,
and anticipated date of completion. However, the construction activity
must commence within 6 months of the contract's execution. The contract is
subject to verification by the Department of Business
and Professional Regulation Community
Affairs. [3935]
458.4.2
Evidence of agency approval.
Approved plans and specifications shall be evidenced by a letter of
certification from the agency. No manufacturing activity shall commence until
plan approval has been obtained from the agency.
Approved copies of the design plans and specifications shall be returned to the manufacturer with an agency approval letter indicating the limitations, if any, of such approval. An approved copy of the plans shall be available at each place of manufacture, which shall be made available for inspection and monitoring. Upon approval of the plans, the agency shall electronically submit the plans bearing the approval stamp, with a list of any limitations of that plan approval, to the department via the Building Code Information System at www.floridabuilding.org. [3944]
458.5 Factory-built schools, plan review (also see Section 453, State Requirements for Education Facilities). Plan review of plans for constructed factory-built schools shall be performed by the agency selected by the department. An applicant for plan approval shall submit complete plans to the agency in the manner and format agreed to by the agency and the applicant. Upon determination by the agency that the submitted plans comply with all applicable standards, the agency shall certify such determination by affixing an approval stamp on each page of the plans, and shall return one copy to the applicant, maintain an original set, and submit one copy electronically to the department. The agency shall be compensated for the actual cost of the plan review by the applicant. No manufacturing activity shall commence until plan approval has been obtained from the agency. Plan review at a minimum shall include those items identified in Chapter 1 hereof.
458.6.1 Factory-built schools, plan review, inspections
and work progress reports (also see Section 453, State Requirements for
Education Facilities).
458.5.12
Inspectors. The school board or Florida
college (educational entity) which is to utilize the factory-built
school shall be responsible for compliance with inspection
requirements. Inspections may be performed by an agency.
[3932] [3933] [3641]
458.5.23 New
construction. All buildings shall be subject to inspection during the
manufacturing process. The educational entity shall ensure that factory
inspections are performed periodically and are sufficient to ensure the
building and its systems comply with the applicable standards. Inspections may
be performed by an agency. The inspector shall require the correction of
all deficiencies found during the manufacturing process. Upon an inspector's
determination that the building complies with the applicable standards, the
inspector shall provide the department the information as required on the data
plate for the building and identify the building as satisfactory for use as an
educational facility on the building code information system. [3941]
Section 459 Boot Camps for Children. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 429 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 459
BOOT CAMPS FOR CHILDREN
459.1 Boot camps for children shall comply with the design and construction standards as described herein. Enforcement and interpretation of these provisions shall be by the entities authorized by Chapter 553.80, Florida Statutes.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Juvenile Justice Rule 63-E 2, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 39, Florida Statutes.
459.2 Facility
structural and operational standards.
459.2.1 The facility shall conform to the Florida Fire Prevention Code. All new construction and building renovations shall comply with the Florida Building Code.
459.2.2 All juvenile justice residential treatment program facilities shall conform to the Florida Building Code.
459.2.3 All juvenile justice residential treatment program facilities shall comply with the sanitation, health and fire codes set forth in the Florida Building Code and in the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
Section 460 Mausoleums and Columbariums. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 430 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 430
MAUSOLEUMS AND COLUMBARIUMS
460.1 General. The provisions of Section 430 shall apply to buildings or structures as defined in Section 202 as chapel mausoleums, garden mausoleums, nonvisitation crypt mausoleums, and columbariums. All crypts and niches built after this code becomes effective shall conform to this code.
460.2 Occupancy classification. Mausoleums and columbariums shall be classified as a Group S2 low hazard storage occupancy.
460.3 Construction type. Mausoleums, columbariums and accessory occupancies shall be of Type I unsprinklered, Type II unsprinklered, or Type IIB unsprinklered construction.
460.4 Accessory occupancies. Accessory occupancies shall comply with Section 508.2.
460.5 Structural loads. Mausoleums and columbariums shall be designed to comply with the structural design requirements of Chapter 16. Crypts shall be designed for a minimum total live load of 35 psf (2 kN/m2).
460.6 Mausoleum and columbarium construction. The design and construction of mausoleums and columbariums shall comply with the Florida Building Code, Building and Section 460.6.
460.6.1 Plumbing systems. Mausoleums and columbariums shall not be required to comply with the Florida Building Code, Plumbing.
Exception: Accessory areas and an occupancy in a mixed occupancy building shall comply with Florida Building Code, Plumbing. The number and location of plumbing facilities shall be based on the accessory areas and the mixed occupancy areas.
460.6.2 Mechanical systems. Mausoleums and columbariums shall not be required to comply with the Florida Building Code, Mechanical.
Exceptions:
1. Accessory areas and an occupancy in a mixed occupancy building shall comply with Florida Building Code, Mechanical. Mechanical systems shall be based on the accessory areas and the mixed occupancy areas.
2. Crypt pressure relief system shall comply with Section 460.7.2 except that for family mausoleum units where all crypts are bordering an exterior wall, pressure relief ventilation shall be provided from the crypt to the outside of the mausoleum through the exterior wall or roof.
3. Niches shall not require pressure relief systems.
460.6.3 Fire protection systems. Mausoleums and columbariums shall not be required to comply with Chapter 9, Fire Protection Systems.
Exception: Accessory areas and an occupancy in a mixed occupancy building shall comply with Chapter 9. The fire protection systems shall be based on the accessory areas and the mixed occupancy areas.
460.6.4 Interior finish. The interior finish for mausoleums and columbariums shall be Class A for exits and exit access and Class B for other spaces. The floor tile, marble, and granite used in a chapel mausoleum shall comply with the Marble Institute of America (1998).
460.6.5 Exterior finish. The exterior finish for mausoleums and columbariums shall be one or more of the following finishes:
Granite
Marble
Rubbed concrete
Painted concrete
Stucco
Synthetic stucco
Waterproofing products
Tile
460.7 Crypts.
460.7.1 Crypts construction. Crypts and companion crypts shall be constructed of reinforced concrete complying with Chapter 19 and 460.7.1.
430.7.1.1 Cast in place crypt. Cast in placed crypts shall have a minimum thickness of 3 inches (76 mm) for floor slabs, walls, and other structural framework.
460.7.1.2 Precast crypt. Concrete shall have a minimum specified compressive strength f ¢ c of 5,000 psi (34.5 mPa). Crypt floor slabs and roof slabs shall have a minimum thickness of 2 ½ inches (63.5 mm) Crypt walls shall be a minimum thickness of 3 ½ inches (88.9 mm) at the top of the wall to a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm) at the bottom of the wall.
460.7.1.3 Crypt front. Crypt fronts are to be independent of the crypt panel. The front shall be Grade A exterior type granite or marble according to the Marble Institute of America (1998), or travertine, or bronze, or tile mosaic. The front shall be installed with a hanger system. The hangers, clips, and other exterior or interior fastenings shall be of copper-based alloy, copper, or stainless steel designed for strength and durability. Aluminum fastenings may be used if they will not react with any material or metal that they may come in contact with and when not embedded in concrete. The front, trim, and wall stone shall be a minimum ¾ inch (19.1 mm) thick, other materials used for crypt fronts shall be the thickness as dictated at the time by modern mausoleum construction.
460.7.2 Crypt relief vent. For family mausoleum units where all crypts are bordering an exterior wall, pressure relief ventilation shall be provided from the crypt to the outside of the mausoleum through the exterior wall or roof. For all other mausoleum units, each crypt shall have a pressure relief vent from the crypt to the roof of the mausoleum complying with Section M515, Mausoleum relief system, of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical. Niches shall not require pressure relief systems.
460.8 Casket placement. Casket placement shall have minimum interior dimensions of 2 feet 6 inches (762 mm) wide mm) by 2 feet 1 inch (635 mm) high by 7 feet 3 ½ inches (2223 mm) deep.
460.9 Niches. Niches shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 460.9.
460.9.1 Minimum size. Niches shall have a minimum volume of 200 cubic inches (7 m3) with a minimum width of 4 ½ inches (114.3 mm), a minimum height of 9 inches (228.6 mm), and a minimum depth of 5 inches (127 mm).
460.9.2 Niche front. The niche front shall be Grade A exterior-type granite or marble according to the marble Institute of America (1998), or travertine, bronze, tile mosaic, glass, lexan, or plexiglass.
460.9.3 Pressure relief systems. Niches shall not require pressure relief systems.
460.9.4 Wall thickness. Niche wall thickness shall be the thickness as dictated at the time of construction by modern mausoleum and columbarium construction.
460.10 Family mausoleum. Family mausoleums consisting of six or fewer casket placements shall comply with either Sections 460.1 or 460.10.
460.10.1 Materials. Family mausoleums shall be constructed of the materials in Sections 460.10.1.1 through 460.10.1.6.
460.10.1.1 Reinforced concrete floor. Reinforced concrete floor shall have a minimum specified compressive strength f ¢ c of 5,000 psi (34.5 mPa).
460.10.1.2 Hardware. Hardware and fasteners shall be of stainless steel or bronze.
460.10.1.3 Doors. When installed, doors and door hardware shall be bronze.
460.10.1.4 Crypt front. Crypt fronts shall be granite or marble.
460.10.1.5 Walls and roof. Walls and roof shall be of granite, marble or reinforced concrete.
460.10.1.6 Floor. The floor shall be granite, marble, or reinforced concrete.
460.10.2 Crypt relief vent. For family mausoleum units where all crypts are bordering an exterior wall, pressure relief ventilation shall be provided from the crypt to the outside of the mausoleum through the exterior wall or roof.
For family mausoleum units where all crypts are not bordering an exterior wall, each crypt shall have a pressure relief vent from the crypt to the roof of the mausoleum complying with Section M515, Mausoleum relief system, of the Florida Building Code, Mechanical.
460.10.3 Minimum thickness. The minimum thickness for the components of a family mausoleum shall comply with Section 460.10.3.
460.10.3.1 Family mausoleum. Exterior walls shall be a minimum of 4 inches (101.6 mm). Roof shall be minimum of 6 inches (152 mm). Floor shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) granite, marble, or reinforced concrete. Shelves shall be a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm). Crypt fronts shall be a minimum of ¾ inch (19.1 mm).
460.10.3.2 Burial chamber mausoleum. Exterior walls shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm). Roof shall be a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm). Floor shall be a minimum of 8 inches (203 mm) granite. Shelves shall be a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm). Crypt fronts shall be a minimum of ¾ inch (19.1 mm).
Section 461 Transient Public Lodging Establishments. Add to read as shown. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 431 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 461
TRANSIENT PUBLIC LODGING ESTABLISHMENTS
461.1 Any transient public lodging establishment, as defined in Chapter 509, Florida Statutes, and used primarily for transient occupancy as defined in Section 83.43(10), Florida Statutes, or any timeshare unit of a timeshare plan as defined in Chapters 718 and 721, Florida Statutes, which is of three stories or more and for which the construction contract has been let after the effective date of this code, with interior corridors which do not have direct access from the guest area to exterior means of egress and on buildings over 75 feet (22 860 mm) in height that have direct access from the guest area to exterior means of egress and for which the construction contract has been let after the effective date of this code, shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system installed in compliance with the provisions prescribed in the NFPA 13, Standards for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. Each guestroom and each timeshare unit shall be equipped with an approved listed single-station smoke detector meeting the minimum requirements of NFPA 74, Standards for the installation, maintenance and Use of Household Fire Warning Equipment, powered from the building electrical service, notwithstanding the number of stories in the structure, if the contract for construction is let after the effective date of this code. Single-station smoke detectors shall not be required when guest-rooms or timeshare units contain smoke detectors connected to a central alarm system which also alarms locally.
Section 462 Use of Asbestos in New Public Buildings or Buildings Newly Constructed for Lease to Government Entities – Prohibition. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 432 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 462
USE OF ASBESTOS IN NEW PUBLIC BUILDINGS
OR BUILDINGS NEWLY CONSTRUCTED FOR
LEASE TO GOVERNMENT ENTITIES-PROHIBITION
462.1 The use of asbestos or asbestos-based fiber materials is prohibited in any building, construction of which is commenced after September 30, 1983, which is financed with public funds or is constructed for the express purpose of being leased to any governmental entity.
Section 463 Adult Day Care. Add Florida specific
requirements from Section 433 of the 2010 Florida
Building Code, Building.
SECTION 463
ADULT DAY CARE
463.1 General. Adult day care facilities shall comply with the following design and construction standards.
Note: See Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) Rule 58A-6, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 400, Part V, Florida Statutes.
463.2 Definitions.
"Adult day care center" or "center" means any building, buildings, or part of a building, whether operated for profit or not, in which is provided through its ownership or management, for a part of a day, basic services to three or more persons who are 18 years of age or older, who are not related to the owner or operator by blood or marriage, and who require such services. The following are exempt from this part:
1. Any facility, institution, or other place that is operated by the federal government or any agency thereof.
2. Any freestanding inpatient hospice facility that is licensed by the state and which provides day care services to hospice patients only.
3. A licensed assisted living facility, a licensed hospital, or a licensed nursing home facility that provides services during the day which include, but are not limited to, social, health, therapeutic, recreational, nutritional and respite services, to adults who are not residents, so long as the facility does not hold itself out as an adult day care center.
"Capacity" shall mean the number of participants for which a center has been licensed to provide care at any given time and shall be based upon required net floor space.
"Net floor space" shall mean the actual climatically controlled occupied area, not including accessory unoccupied areas such as hallways, stairs, closets, storage areas, bathrooms, kitchen or thickness of walls, set aside for the use of the day care center participants.
"Participant space" shall mean the required net floor space per participant. Maximum participant capacity shall refer to the licensed capacity.
463.3 The following
minimum conditions shall be met:
463.3.1 The floor surface in kitchens, all rooms and areas in which food is stored or prepared and in which utensils are washed or stored shall be of smooth nonabsorbent material and constructed so it can be easily cleaned and shall be washable up to the highest level reached by splash or spray.
463.3.2 The walls and ceilings of all food preparation, utensil washing and hand washing rooms or areas shall have smooth, easily cleanable surfaces. Walls shall be washable up to the highest level reached by splash or spray.
463.3.3 Hot and cold running water under pressure shall be easily accessible to all rooms where food is prepared or utensils are washed.
463.3.4 Hand-washing facilities, provided with hot and cold running water, shall be located within the food preparation area in new adult day care facilities and adult day care facilities which are extensively altered.
463.3.5 Multiuse equipment and utensils shall be constructed and repaired with materials that are nontoxic, corrosion resistant and nonabsorbent; and shall be smooth, easily cleanable and durable under conditions of normal use; and shall not impart odors, color or taste nor contribute to the contamination of food.
463.3.6 A three-compartment sink or a two-compartment sink and a dishwater with an effective, automatic sanitizing cycle, shall be provided.
463.3.7 Refrigeration units and hot food storage units used for the storage of potentially hazardous foods shall be provided with a numerically scaled indicating thermometer accurate to plus or minus 3°F (-16°C). The thermometer shall be located in the warmest or coldest part of the units and of such type and so situated that the temperature can be easily and readily observed.
463.4 Participant and program data, emergency procedures. Fire safety protection shall be governed in accordance with the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
463.5 Physical plant, sanitary conditions, housekeeping standards and maintenance.
463.5.1 The participant capacity shall be determined by the total amount of net floor space available for all of the participants. Centers shall provide not less than 45 square feet (4 m2) of net floor area per participant. Centers shall be required to provide additional floor space for special target populations to accommodate activities required by participant care plans.
463.5.2 Facilities exempt pursuant to Section 400.553, Florida Statutes, shall utilize separate space over and above the minimum requirement needed to meet their own licensure certification approval requirements. Only congregate space shall be included in determining minimum space. For purposes of this section, congregate space shall mean climatically controlled living room, dining room, specialized activity rooms, or other rooms to be commonly used by all participants.
463.5.3 Center facilities shall consist of, but not be limited to, the following:
1. Bathrooms.
2. Dining areas.
3. Kitchen areas.
4. Rest areas.
5. Recreation and leisure time areas.
463.5.4 A private area shall be available for the provision of first aid, special care and counseling services when provided, or as necessary for other services required by participants. This area shall be appropriately furnished and equipped.
463.5.5 Bathrooms shall be ventilated and have hot and cold running water, supplying hot water at a minimum of 105°F (41°C) and a maximum of 115°F (46°C).
463.5.6 Recreation and leisure time areas shall be provided where a participant may read, engage in socialization or other leisure time activities. The recreation areas also may be utilized for dining areas.
463.5.7 All areas used by participants shall be suitably lighted and ventilated and maintained at a minimal inside temperature of 72°F (22°C) when outside temperatures are 65°F (18°C) or below, and all areas used by participants must not exceed 90°F (32°C). Mechanical cooling devices must be provided when indoor temperatures exceed 84°F (29°C). The facility shall have a thermometer which accurately identifies the temperature.
Section 464 Assisted Living
Facilities. Add Florida specific
requirements from Section 434 of the 2010 Florida
Building Code, Building.
SECTION 464
ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES
464.1 Scope. Assisted living facilities shall comply with the following design and construction standards as described herein.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Agency of Health Care Administration (AHCA) Rule 58A-5, Florida Administrative Code and Chapter 400 Part III, Florida Statutes.
464.2 Definitions.
AGENCY. The Agency for Health Care Administration.
ASSISTED LIVING FACILITY. Any building or buildings, section or distinct part of a building, private home, boarding home, home for the aged or other residential facility, whether operated for profit or not, which undertakes through its ownership or management to provide housing, meals and one or more personal services for a period exceeding 24 hours to one or more adults who are not relatives of the owner or administrator. The following are exempted from this definition:
1. Any facility, institution, or other place operated by the federal government or any agency of the federal government.
2. Any facility or part of a facility licensed under Chapter 393, Florida Statutes, or Chapter 394, Florida Statutes.
3. Any facility licensed as an adult family care home under Part VII Chapter 400, Florida Statutes.
4. Any person who provides housing, meals and one or more personal services on a 24-hour basis in the person's own home to not more than two adults who do not receive optional state supplementation. The person who provides the housing, meals, and personal services must own or rent the home and reside therein.
5. Any home or facility approved by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs as a residential care home wherein care is provided exclusively to three or fewer veterans.
6. Any facility that has been incorporated in this state for 50 years or more on or before July 1, 1983, and the board of directors of which is nominated or elected by the residents, until the facility is sold or its ownership is transferred; or any facility, with improvements or additions thereto, which has existed and operated continuously in this state for 60 years or more on or before July 1, 1989, is directly or indirectly owned and operated by a nationally recognized fraternal organization, is not open to the public, and accepts only its own members and their spouses as residents.
7. Any facility certified under Chapter 651, Florida Statutes, or a retirement community, may provide services authorized under this section or Part IV of Chapter 400, Florida Statutes to its residents who live in single-family homes, duplexes, quadruplexes, or apartments located on the campus without obtaining a license to operate an assisted living facility if residential units within such buildings are used by residents who do not require staff supervision for that portion of the day when personal services are not being delivered and the owner obtains a home health license to provide such services. However, any building or distinct part of a building on the campus that is designated for persons who receive personal services and require supervision beyond that which is available while such services are being rendered must be licensed in accordance with this section. If a facility provides personal services to residents who do not otherwise home health agency, the buildings or distinct parts of buildings where such services are rendered must be licensed under this section. A resident of a facility that obtains a home health license may contract with a home health agency of his or her choice, provided that the home health agency provides liability insurance and workers' compensation coverage for its employees. Facilities covered by this exemption may establish policies that give residents the option of contracting for services and care beyond that which is provided by the facility to enable them to age in place. For purposes of this section, a retirement community consists of a facility licensed under this section or under Part II of Chapter 400, Florida Statutes, and apartments designed for independent living located on the same campus.
8. Any residential unit for independent living which is located within a facility certified under Chapter 651 Florida Statutes, or any residential unit which is colocated with a nursing home licensed under Part II of Chapter 400 Florida Statutes. or colocated with a facility licensed under this section in which services are provided through an outpatient clinic or a nursing home on an outpatient basis.
DEPARTMENT. The Department of Elderly Affairs.
EXTENDED CONGREGATE CARE. Acts beyond those authorized in subsection (5) that may be performed pursuant to part I of Chapter 464, Florida Statutes, by persons licensed thereunder while carrying out their professional duties. The purpose of such services is to enable residents to age in place in a residential environment despite mental or physical limitations that might otherwise disqualify them from residency in a facility licensed under this part.
PERSONAL SERVICES. Direct physical assistance with or supervision of the activities of daily living and the self-administration of medication and other similar services which the department may define by rule. Personal services shall not be construed to mean the provision of medical, nursing, dental or mental health services.
RELATIVE. An individual who is the father, mother, stepfather, stepmother, son, daughter, brother, sister, grandmother, grandfather, great-grandmother, great-grandfather, grandson, granddaughter, uncle, aunt, first cousin, nephew, niece, husband, wife, father-in-law, mother-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, stepson, stepdaughter, stepbrother, stepsister, half brother or half sister of an owner or administrator.
RESIDENT. A person 18 years of age or older, residing in and receiving care from a facility.
RESIDENT'S REPRESENTATIVE OR DESIGNEE. A person other than the owner, or an agent or employee of the facility, designated in writing by the resident, if legally competent, to receive notice of changes in the contract executed pursuant to Section 400.424, Florida Statutes; to receive notice of and to participate in meetings between the resident and the facility owner, administrator or staff concerning the rights of the resident; to assist the resident in contacting the ombudsman council if the resident has a complaint against the facility; or to bring legal action on behalf of the resident pursuant to Section 400.429, Florida Statutes.
AHCA CENTRAL OFFICE. The Assisted Living Unit, Agency for Health Care Administration.
CAPACITY. The number of residents for which a facility has been licensed to provide residential care.
DISTINCT PART. Designated bedrooms or apartments, bathrooms and a living area; or a separately identified wing, floor or building which includes bedrooms or apartments, bathrooms and a living area. The distinct part may include a separate dining area, or meals may be served in another part of the facility.
DOEA ASSISTED LIVING PROGRAM. The Assisted Living Program, Department of Elder Affairs.
FOOD SERVICE. The storage, preparation, serving and cleaning up of food intended for consumption in a facility or a formal agreement that meals will be regularly catered by a third party.
RENOVATION. Additions, repairs, restorations or other improvements to the physical plant of the facility within a five-year period that costs in excess of 50 percent of the value of the building as reported on the tax rolls, excluding land, before the renovation.
464.3 Codes and standards for the design and construction of assisted living facilities. Except as modified and required by this section of the code, Chapter 58A-5, Florida Administrative Code or Chapter 429 Part III, Florida Statutes, all new assisted living facilities and all additions, alterations, or renovations to existing assisted living facilities with more than 16 licensed beds shall also be in compliance with The Guidelines for the Design and Construction of Health Care Facilities (The Guidelines) Part I General, and Chapter 4.3 Assisted Living of Part 4, Other Health Care Facilities, incorporated by reference and obtainable from the American Institute of Architects, 1735 New York Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006-5292.
464.4 Additional physical plant requirements for assisted living facilities. In addition to the codes and standards referenced in Section 464.3 of the code, the following minimum essential facilities shall apply to all new assisted living facilities.
464.4.1 Indoor radon testing as mandated by Section 404.056(5), Florida Statutes, shall be completed by all facilities.
464.4.2 Heating and cooling.
464.4.2.1 When outside temperatures are 65°F (18°C) or below, an indoor temperature of at least 72°F (22°C) shall be maintained in all areas used by residents during hours when residents are normally awake. During night hours when residents are asleep, an indoor temperature of at least 68°F (20°C) shall be maintained.
464.4.2.2 During hours when residents are normally awake, mechanical cooling devices, such as electric fans, must be used in those as are of buildings used by residents when inside temperatures exceed 85°F (29°C) provided outside temperatures remain below 90°F (32°C). No residents shall be in any inside area that exceeds 90°F (32°C). However, during daytime hours when outside temperatures exceed 90°F (32°C), and at night, an indoor temperature of no more than 81°F (27°C) must be maintained in all areas used by residents.
464.4.2.3 Residents who have individually controlled thermostats in their bedrooms or apartments shall be permitted to control temperatures in those areas.
464.4.3 Common areas.
464.4.3.1 A minimum of 35 square feet (3 m2) of living and dining space per resident, live-in staff and livein family member shall be provided except in facilities comprised of apartments. This space shall include living, dining, recreational or other space designated accessible to all residents, and shall not include bathrooms, corridors, storage space or screened porches which cannot be adapted for year round use. Facilities with apartments may count the apartment's living space square footage as part of the 35 square footage (3 m2) living and dining space requirement.
Those facilities also serving as adult day care centers must provide an additional 35 square feet (3 m2) of living and dining space per adult day care client. Excess floor space in residents' bedrooms or apartments cannot be counted toward meeting the requirement of 35 square feet (3 m2) of living and dining space requirements for adult day care participants. Day care participants may not use residents' bedrooms for resting unless the room is currently vacant.
464.4.3.2 A room, separate from resident bedrooms, shall be provided where residents may read, engage in socialization or other leisure time activities. Comfortable chairs or sofas shall be provided in this communal area.
464.4.3.3 The dining area shall be furnished to accommodate communal dining.
464.4.4 Bedrooms.
464.4.4.1 Resident sleeping rooms designated for single occupancy shall provide a minimum inside measurement of 80 square feet of usable floor space. Usable floor space does not include closet space or bathrooms.
464.4.4.2 Resident bedrooms designated for multiple occupancy shall provide a minimum inside measurement of 60 square feet (6 m2) of usable floor space per room occupant.
464.4.4.3 Resident bedrooms designated for multiple occupancy in facilities newly licensed or renovated six months after October 17, 1999, shall have a maximum occupancy of two persons.
464.4.4.4 All resident bedrooms shall open directly into a corridor, common use area or to the outside. A resident must be able to exit his bedroom without having to pass through another bedroom unless the two rooms have been licensed as one bedroom.
464.4.4.5 All resident bedrooms shall be for the exclusive use of residents. Live-in staff and their family members shall be provided with sleeping space separate from the sleeping and congregate space required for residents.
464.4.5 Bathrooms.
464.4.5.1 There shall be at least one bathroom with one toilet and sink per six persons, and one bathtub or shower per eight persons. All residents, all live-in staff and family members, and respite care participants must be included when calculating the required number of toilets, sinks, bathtubs and showers. All adult day care participants shall be included when calculating the required number of toilets and sinks.
464.4.5.2 Each bathroom shall have a door in working order to assure privacy. The entry door to bathrooms with a single toilet shall have a lock which is operable from the inside by the resident with no key needed. A nonlocking door shall be permitted if the resident's safety would otherwise be jeopardized.
464.4.5.3 There shall be nonslip safety devices such as bath mats or peel off stickers in the showers and bathtubs of all facilities. Showers and bathtubs with a nonskid surface require a separate nonskid device only if the surface is worn. Grab bars shall be required in showers and bathtubs. Grab bars, whether portable or permanent, must be securely affixed to the floor or adjoining walls. Facilities newly licensed or renovated six months after October 17, 1999 must have grab bars next to the commode.
464.4.5.4 Sole access to a toilet or bathtub or shower shall not be through another resident's bedroom, except in apartments within a facility.
464.4.6 Security. External boundaries of a facility or a distinct part of a facility, including outside areas, may be secured using egress control or perimeter control devices if the following conditions are met.
464.4.6.1 The use of the device complies with all lifesafety requirements.
464.4.6.2 Residents residing within a secured area are able to move freely throughout the area, including the resident's bedroom or apartment, bathrooms and all common areas, and have access to outdoor areas on a regular basis and as requested by each resident.
464.4.6.3 Residents capable of entering and exiting without supervision have keys, codes or other mechanisms to exit the secured area without requiring staff assistance.
464.4.6.4 Staff who provide direct care or who have regular contact with residents residing in secured areas complete Level 1 Alzheimer's training as described in Rule 58A-5.0191.
464.4.6.5 Pursuant to Section 400.441, Florida Statutes, facilities with 16 or fewer residents shall not be required to maintain an accessible telephone in each building where residents reside, maintain written staff job descriptions, have awake night staff or maintain standardized recipes as provided in Rules 58A-5.0182(6)(g), 58A-5.019(2)(e), 58A-5.019(4)(a) and 58A-5.020(2)(b), respectively.
464.5 Extended
congregate care.
464.5.1 Physical site requirements. Each extended congregate care facility shall provide a homelike physical environment which promotes resident privacy and independence including:
464.5.1.1 A private room or apartment, or a semiprivate room or apartment shared with roommate of the resident's choice. The entry door to the room or apartment shall have a lock which is operable from the inside by the resident with no key needed. The resident shall be provided with a key to the entry door on request. The resident's service plan may allow for a nonlocking entry door if the resident's safety would otherwise be jeopardized.
464.5.1.2 A bathroom, with a toilet, sink and bathtub or shower, which is shared by a maximum of four residents. A centrally located hydromassage bathtub may substitute for the bathtub or shower in two of the bath rooms. The entry door to the bathroom shall have a lock which is operable from the inside by the resident with no key needed. The resident's service plan may allow for a nonlocking bathroom door if the resident's safety would otherwise be jeopardized.
Section 465 Control of Radiation Hazards. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 435 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 465
CONTROL OF RADIATION HAZARDS
465.1 Scope. Control of radiation hazards shall comply with the following design and construction standards as described herein.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Health (DOH) Rule 64E-5, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 404, Florida Statutes.
465.2 Control of
access to high radiation areas.
465.2.1 Definitions.
HIGH RADIATION AREA. An area, accessible to individuals, in which radiation levels from radiation sources external to the body could result in an individual receiving a dose equivalent in excess of 1 mSv (0.1 rem) in 1 hour at 30 cm from any source of radiation or from any surface that the radiation penetrates. For purposes of this section, rooms or areas in which diagnostic X-ray systems are used for healing arts purposes are not considered high radiation areas.
VERY HIGH RADIATION AREA. An area, accessible to individuals, in which radiation levels from radiation sources external to the body could result in an individual receiving an absorbed dose in excess to 500 rad (5 gray) in 1 hour at 1 m from a source of radiation or from any surface that the radiation penetrates. At very high doses received at high dose rates, units of absorbed dose, gray and rad, are appropriate, rather than units of dose equivalent, sievert and rem.
465.2.2 The licensee or registrant shall ensure that each entrance or access point to a high radiation area has one or more of the following features:
465.2.2.1 A control device that upon entry into the area causes the level of radiation to be reduced below that level at which an individual might receive a deep dose equivalent of 0.1 rem (1 millisievert) in 1 hour at 30 cm from the source of radiation from any surface that the radiation penetrates;
465.2.2.2 A control device that energizes a conspicuous visible or audible signal so that the individual entering the high radiation area and the supervisor of the activity are made aware of the entry; or
465.2.2.3 Entryways that are locked except during periods when access to the areas is required with positive control over each individual entry.
465.3 Caution signs.
465.3.1 Standard radiation symbol. Unless otherwise authorized by the department, the symbol prescribed in this section shall use the colors magenta or purple or black on yellow background. The symbol prescribed is the three-bladed design as follows:
465.3.1.1 Radiation symbol.
465.3.1.1.1 Cross-hatched area is to be magenta or purple or black.
465.3.1.1.2 The background is to be yellow.
465.3.2 Exception to color requirements for standard radiation symbol. In spite of the requirements of Section 465.3.1, licensees or registrants are authorized to label sources, source holders or device components containing sources of radiation that are subjected to high temperatures, with conspicuously etched or stamped radiation caution symbols and without a color requirement.
465.3.3 Additional information on signs and labels. In addition to contents of signs and labels prescribed in this part, the licensee or registrant shall provide on or near the required signs and labels additional information to make individuals aware of potential radiation exposures and to minimize the exposures.
465.4 Posting
requirements.
465.4.1 Posting of radiation areas. The licensee or registrant shall post each radiation area with a conspicuous sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and the words "CAUTION, RADIATION AREA."
465.4.2 Posting of high radiation areas. The licensee or registrant shall post each high radiation area with a conspicuous sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and the words "CAUTION, HIGH RADIATION AREA" or "DANGER, HIGH RADIATION AREA."
465.4.3 Posting of very high radiation areas. The licensee or registrant shall post each very high radiation area with a conspicuous sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and words "GRAVE DANGER, VERY HIGH RADIATION AREA."
465.4.4 Posting of air-borne radioactivity areas. The licensee shall post each air-borne radioactivity area with a conspicuous sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and the words "CAUTION, AIR-BORNE RADIOACTIVITY AREA" or "DANGER, AIR-BORNE RADIOACTIVITY AREA."
465.4.5 Posting of areas or rooms in which licensed material is used or stored. The licensee shall post each area or room in which there is used or stored an amount of licensed material exceeding 10 times the quantity of such material specified in State of Florida Office of Radiation Control Radioactive Material Requiring Labeling, May 2000, which is herein incorporated by reference and which is available from the department, with a conspicuous sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and the words "CAUTION, RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL(S)" or "DANGER, RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL(S)."
465.4.6 A licensee or registrant is not required to post caution signs in areas or rooms containing sources of radiation for periods of less than 8 hours if each of the following conditions is met.
465.4.6.1 The sources of radiation are constantly attended during these periods by an individual who takes the precautions necessary to prevent the exposure of individuals to sources of radiation in excess of the limits established in this section, and
465.4.6.2 The area or room is subject to the licensee's or registrant's control.
465.4.7 Rooms or other areas in hospitals that are occupied by patients are not required to be posted with caution signs as specified in 64E-5.323 if the patient could be released from confinement as specified in 64E-5.622.
465.4.8 A room or area is not required to be posted with a caution sign because of the presence of a sealed source provided the radiation level at 30 cm from the surface of the sealed source container or housing does not exceed 0.005 rem (0.05 millisievert) per hour.
465.4.9 A room or area is not required to be posted with a caution sign because of the presence of radiation machines used solely for diagnosis in the healing arts.
465.5 General requirements.
465.5.1 Shielding. Each X-ray facility shall have primary and secondary protective barriers as needed to assure that an individual will not receive a radiation dose in excess of the limits specified in Part III of Chapter 64E-5, Florida Administrative Code.
465.5.1.1 Structural shielding in walls and other vertical barriers required for personnel protection shall extend without breach from the floor to a height of at least 7 feet (2.1 m).
465.5.1.2 Doors, door frames, windows and window frames shall have the same lead equivalent shielding as that required in the wall or other barrier in which they are installed.
465.5.1.3 Prior to construction, the floor plans and equipment arrangement of all new installations, or modifications of existing installations, utilizing X-ray energies of 200 keV and above for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes shall be submitted to the Department of Health for review and approval. In computation of protective barrier requirements, the maximum anticipated workload, use factors, occupancy factors and the potential for radiation exposure from other sources shall be taken into consideration.
465.5.1.3.1 The plans shall show, as a minimum, the following:
465.5.1.3.1.1 The normal location of the X-ray system's radiation port; the port's travel and traverse limits; general direction of the useful beam; locations of any windows and doors; the location of the operator's booth; and the location of the X-ray control panel.
465.5.1.3.1.2 The structural composition and thickness or lead equivalent of all walls, doors, partitions, floor and ceiling of the room concerned.
465.5.1.3.1.3 The dimensions of the room concerned.
465.5.1.3.1.4 The type of occupancy of all adjacent areas inclusive of space above and below the room concerned. If there is an exterior wall, the distance to the closest area where it is likely that individuals may be present.
465.5.1.3.1.5 The make and model of the X-ray equipment and the maximum technique factors.
465.5.1.3.1.6 The type of examinations or treatments which will be performed with the equipment.
465.5.1.3.2 Information shall be submitted on the anticipated maximum workload of the X-ray system.
465.5.1.3.3 If the services of a qualified person have been utilized to determine the shielding requirements, a copy of the report, including all basic assumptions used, shall be submitted with the plans.
465.5.2 X-ray film processing facilities.
465.5.2.1 Processing facilities. Each installation using a radiographic X-ray system shall provide suitable equipment for handling and processing radiographic film in accordance with the following provisions:
465.5.2.1.1 The area in which undeveloped films are handled for processing shall be devoid of light with the exception of light in the wave lengths having no significant effect on the radiographic film.
465.5.2.1.2 Film pass boxes, if provided, shall be so constructed as to exclude light when film is placed in or removed from the boxes, and shall incorporate adequate shielding to prevent exposure of undeveloped film to stray radiation.
465.5.2.1.3 Darkrooms used by more than one individual shall be provided a positive method to prevent accidental entry while undeveloped films are being handled or processed.
465.5.2.1.4 Where film is developed manually, the following conditions shall be met:
465.5.2.1.4.1 At least one trisectional tank made of mechanically rigid, corrosion resistant material shall be utilized; and
465.5.2.1.4.2 The temperature of each solution shall be maintained within the range of 600°F to 800°F (160°C to 270°C). Film shall be developed in accordance with the time-temperature relationships specified by the film manufacturer, or, in the absence of such recommendations by the film manufacturer, with the following time-temperature chart:
465.5.2.1.4.3 Devices shall be utilized which will:
1. Indicate the actual temperature of the developer; and
2. Signal the passage of a preset time as short as 2 minutes.
465.6 Doors,
interlocks, and warning systems.
465.6.1 A licensee shall control access to the teletherapy room by a door at each entrance.
465.6.2 A licensee shall equip each entrance to the teletherapy room with an electrical interlock system that shall:
1. Prevent the operator from turning on the primary beam of radiation unless each treatment room entrance door is closed;
2. Turn off the beam of radiation immediately when an entrance door is opened; and
3. Prevent the primary beam of radiation from being turned on following an interlock interruption until all treatment room entrance doors are closed and the beam on-off control is reset at the console.
465.6.3 A licensee shall equip each entrance to the teletherapy room with a conspicuously visible beam condition indicator light.
465.7 Radiation
monitoring devices.
465.7.1 A licensee shall have a permanent radiation monitor in each teletherapy room capable of continuously monitoring beam status.
465.7.2 Each radiation monitor shall be capable of providing visible notice of a teletherapy unit malfunction that results in an exposed or partially exposed source. The visible indicator of high radiation levels shall be observable by an individual entering the teletherapy room.
TIME-TEMPERATURE CHART
|
Thermom Reading (Degrees) |
Minimum
Developing |
|
|
C |
F |
|
|
26.7 |
80 |
2 |
|
26.1 |
79 |
2 |
|
25.6 |
78 |
2-1/2 |
|
25.0 |
77 |
2-1/2 |
|
24.4 |
76 |
3 |
|
23.9 |
75 |
3 |
|
23.3 |
74 |
3-1/2 |
|
22.8 |
73 |
3-1/2 |
|
22.2 |
72 |
4 |
|
21.7 |
71 |
4 |
|
21.1 |
70 |
4-1/2 |
|
20.6 |
69 |
4-1/2 |
|
20.0 |
68 |
5 |
|
19.4 |
67 |
5-1/2 |
|
18.9 |
66 |
5-1/2 |
|
18.3 |
65 |
6 |
|
17.8 |
64 |
6-1/2 |
|
17.2 |
63 |
7 |
|
16.7 |
62 |
8 |
|
16.1 |
61 |
8-1/2 |
|
15.6 |
60 |
9-1/2 |
465.7.3 Each radiation monitor shall be equipped with a backup power supply separate from the power supply to the teletherapy unit. This backup power supply may be a battery system.
465.8 Viewing systems. A licensee shall construct or equip each teletherapy room to permit continuous observation of the patient from the teletherapy unit console during irradiation.
465.9 Warning
devices.
465.9.1 All locations designated as high radiation areas, and all entrances to such locations shall be equipped with easily observable warning lights that operate when and only when radiation is being produced.
465.9.2 Except in facilities designed for human exposure, each high radiation area shall have an audible warning device which shall be activated for 15 seconds prior to the possible creation of such high radiation area. Such warning device shall be clearly discernible in all high radiation areas and in any adjacent radiation areas.
465.9.3 Barriers, temporary or otherwise, and pathways leading to high radiation areas shall be identified in accordance with the Department of Health.
465.10 Design requirements for radiation rooms. Panoramic irradiators shall not be operated unless the following are met:
465.10.1 Each entrance to a radiation room must have a door or other physical barrier to prevent inadvertent entry of personnel while the sources are exposed. Product conveyor systems can serve as barriers as long as they reliably and consistently function as a barrier. It must not be possible to move the sources out of their shielded position if any door or barrier to the radiation room is open. Opening the door or barrier while the sources are exposed must cause the sources to return promptly to their shielded position. The primary entry door must have a lock which is operated by the same key used to control source movement. The doors and barriers must not prevent any individual in the radiation room from leaving.
465.10.2 Each entrance to a radiation room must have an independent backup access control to detect personnel entry while the sources are exposed if the primary access control fails. Entry while the sources are exposed must cause the sources to return to their fully shielded position and also must activate a visible and audible alarm to make the individual entering the room aware of the hazard. The alarm also must alert at least one other individual of the entry who is on site and who is trained to render or summon assistance promptly.
465.10.3 A radiation monitor must be provided to detect the presence of high radiation levels in the radiation room before personnel entry. The monitor must be integrated with personnel access door locks to prevent room access when the monitor detects high radiation levels. The monitor must generate audible and visible alarms if high radiation levels are detected when personnel entry is attempted. The monitor can be located in the entrance or maze but not in the direct radiation beam.
465.10.4 Before sources move from their shielded position, the source control automatically must activate conspicuous visible and audible alarms to alert people in the radiation room that the sources will be moved from their shielded position. The alarms must give individuals enough time to leave the room before the sources leave the shielded position.
465.10.5 Each radiation room must have a clearly visible and readily accessible control which will allow an individual in the room to return the sources to their fully shielded position.
465.10.6 Each radiation room must contain a control which allows the sources to move from the shielded position only if the control has been activated and the door or barrier to the radiation room subsequently has been closed within a preset time.
465.10.7 Each entrance to the radiation room and each entrance to the area within the personnel access barrier of an underwater irradiator must be posted as required by this section. Panoramic irradiators also must be posted as required by this section. The sign can be removed, covered or otherwise made inoperative when the sources are shielded fully.
465.10.8 If the radiation room has roof plugs or other movable shielding, it must not be possible to operate the irradiator unless the shielding is in its proper location. This requirement can be met by interlocks which prevent operation if shielding is not placed properly or by an operating procedure requiring inspection of shielding before operating.
465.10.9 Underwater irradiators must have a personnel access barrier around the pool which must be locked to prevent access when the irradiator is not attended. Only operators and facility management shall have access to keys to the personnel access barrier. There must be an intrusion alarm to detect unauthorized entry when the personnel access barrier is locked. Activation of the intrusion alarm must alert an individual, not necessarily on site, who is prepared to respond or summon assistance.
465.11 Fire
protection.
465.11.1 The radiation room at a panoramic irradiator must have heat and smoke detectors. The detectors must activate an audible alarm. The alarm must be capable of alerting a person who is prepared to summon assistance promptly. The sources must become fully shielded automatically and the air handling systems within the radiation room must be disabled automatically if a fire is detected.
465.11.2 The radiation room at a panoramic irradiator must be equipped with a fire suppression or extinguishing system capable of extinguishing a fire without the entry of personnel into the room. The system for the radiation room must have a shutoff valve to control flooding into unrestricted areas.
465.12 Irradiator
pools.
465.12.1 Irradiator pools must possess a watertight stainless steel liner or a liner metallurgically compatible with other components in the pool or be constructed so that there is a low likelihood of substantial leakage and have a surface designed to facilitate decon- tamination and must include a means of safely storing sources during repairs of the pool.
465.12.2 Irradiator pools must have no penetration more than 0.5 m below the normal low water level which could allow water to drain out of the pool. Pipes which have intakes more than 0.5 m below the normal low water level must have siphon breakers to prevent the siphoning of the pool.
465.12.3 A means must be provided to replenish water losses from the pool.
465.12.4 An audible and visible indicator must be provided to indicate if the pool water level is below the normal low water level or above the normal high water level.
465.12.5 Irradiator pools must be equipped with a purification system designed to maintain the water during normal operation at a level of conductance not exceeding 20 microsiemens per centimeter and with a clarity so the sources can be seen clearly.
465.12.6 A physical barrier such as a railing or cover must be used around irradiator pools during normal operation to prevent personnel from accidentally falling into the pool. The barrier can be removed during maintenance, inspection, and service operations.
465.12.7 If long-handled tools or poles are used in irradiator pools, the radiation dose rate on the handling areas of the tools must not exceed 2 millirem (0.02 millisievert) per hour.
465.13 Design
requirements.
465.13.1 Panoramic irradiators shall meet the following design requirements:
465.13.1.1 Shielding. The shielding walls shall be designed to meet generally accepted building code requirements for reinforced concrete and shall design the walls, wall penetrations, and entrance ways to meet the radiation shielding requirements of 64E-5.1407. If the irradiator will use more than 2 × 1017 becquerels (5 million curies) of activity, the licensee shall evaluate the effects of heating of the shielding walls by the irradiator sources.
465.13.1.2 Foundations. The foundation shall be designed with consideration given to soil characteristics to ensure it is adequate to support the weight of the facility.
465.13.1.3 Fire protection. The number, design, locations and spacing of the smoke and heat detectors and extinguishing system shall be appropriate to detect fires and that the detectors are protected from mechanical and radiation damage. The fire extinguishing system shall be designed to provide the necessary discharge patterns, densities, and flow characteristics for complete coverage of the radiation room and that the system is protected from mechanical and radiation damage.
465.13.1.4 Wiring. The electrical wiring and electrical equipment in the radiation room shall be selected to minimize failures due to prolonged exposure to radiation.
465.13.2 Pool irradiators shall meet the following design requirements.
465.13.2.1 Pool integrity. The pool shall be designed to assure that it is leak resistant, that it is strong enough to bear the weight of the pool water and shipping casks, that a dropped cask would not fall on sealed sources, that all penetrations meet the requirements of Section 435.12.2, and that metal components are metallurgically compatible with other components in the pool.
465.13.2.2 Water-handling system. The water purification system shall be designed to meet the requirements of Section 435.12.5. The system must be designed so that water leaking from the system does not drain to unrestricted areas without being monitored. The licensee shall design the water chiller system so that it shall compensate adequately for the amount of heat generated by the sealed sources. The water-handling system must have remote controls capable of safely operating a contaminated system.
465.13.3 Floor penetrations. No floor penetrations, including expansion joints, floor joints and drains, shall allow the uncontrolled release of water from the radiation room that has not been analyzed for its radioactive content.
465.14 Construction control. The requirements of this section must be met before loading sources. Panoramic irradiators shall meet the following construction requirements:
465.14.1 Shielding. The construction of the shielding shall be monitored to verify that it meets design specifications and generally accepted building code requirements for reinforced concrete.
435.14.2 Foundations. The construction of the foundations shall be monitored to verify that they meet design specifications.
435.14.3 Fire protection. The ability of the heat and smoke detectors shall be verified to detect a fire, to activate alarms and to cause the source rack to become fully shielded automatically. The operability of the fire suppression or extinguishing system shall also be verified
435.14.4 Wiring. The electrical wiring and electrical equipment that were installed shall be verified to meet the design specifications.
435.15 Pool
irradiators shall meet the following construction requirements.
435.15.1 Pool integrity. The integrity of the pool shall be tested to verify that the pool meets the design specifications. The penetrations and water intakes shall be verified to meet the requirements of Section 465.12.2
Section 466 Day-Care Occupancies. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 436 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 466
DAY-CARE OCCUPANCIES
466.1 General.
466.1.1 Places of religious worship shall not be required to meet the provisions of this section in order to operate a nursery while services are being held in the building.
466.1.2 Where day care occupancies with clients 24 months or less in age or incapable of self-preservation are located one or more stories above the level of exit discharge or where day care occupancies are located two or more stories above the level of exit discharge, smoke barriers shall be provided to divide such stories into a minimum of two smoke compartments. The smoke barriers shall be constructed in accordance with Section 709 but shall not be required to have a fire-resistance rating.
466.2 Closet doors. Every closet door latch shall be such that clients can open the door from inside the closet.
466.3 Bathroom doors. Every bathroom door lock shall be designed to permit opening of the locked door from the outside in an emergency. The opening device shall be readily accessible to the staff.
466.4 Door closure. Any exit door designed to be normally closed shall be kept closed and shall comply with Section 715.3.
466.5 Location and construction types. Day care occupancies shall be limited to the locations and construction types specified in Table 466.5. Day care homes and adult day care shall be permitted to be of any type construction permitted by this code.
TABLE 466.5 DAY-CARE LOCATION AND TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
|
LOCATION OF DAY CARE |
TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION |
||
|
Sprinklered Building |
Construction Type |
||
|
1 story below LED1 |
Yes |
I, II, IIIA, IV, V-A |
|
|
Level of Exit Discharge |
No |
Any type permitted by this code |
|
|
1 story above LED1 |
Yes |
Any type |
|
|
2 or 3 stories above LED1 |
Yes |
I, II, III-A, V-A |
|
|
> 3 stories above LED1 but not high rise |
Yes |
I |
|
|
High rise |
Yes |
I |
|
|
Notes: |
|
||
466.6 Protection from hazards. Rooms or spaces for the storage, processing or use of materials specified below shall be protected in accordance with the following:
466.6.1 The following rooms or spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by fire barriers having a fire resistance rating of not less than 1-hour or shall be protected by an approved automatic extinguishing system.
1. Boiler and furnace rooms.
Exception: Rooms enclosing only air-handling equipment.
2. Rooms or spaces used for the storage of combustible supplies in quantities deemed hazardous by the building official.
3. Rooms or spaces used for the storage of hazardous materials or flammable or combustible liquids in quantities deemed hazardous by recognized standards.
4. Janitor closets.
Exception: Doors to janitor closets shall be permitted to have ventilating louvers where the space is protected by automatic sprinklers.
466.6.2 The following rooms or spaces shall be separated from the remainder of the building by fire barriers having a fire resistance rating of not less than 1 hour and shall be protected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system.
1. Laundries.
2. Maintenance shops, including woodworking and painting areas.
3. Rooms or spaces used for processing or use of combustible supplies deemed hazardous by the building official.
4. Rooms or spaces used for processing or use of hazardous materials or flammable or combustible liquids in quantities deemed hazardous by recognized standards.
Exception: Food preparation facilities protected in accordance with NFPA 96 shall not be required to have openings protected between food preparation areas and dining areas. Where domestic cooking equipment is used for food warming or limited cooking, protection or segregation of food preparation facilities shall not be required if approved by the building official.
466.6.3 Where automatic extinguishing is used to meet the requirements of this section, sprinkler piping serving not more than six sprinklers for any isolated hazardous area shall be permitted to be connected directly to a domestic water supply system having a capacity sufficient to provide 0.15 gpm/per square foot (6.1 L/min/m2) of floor area throughout the entire enclosed area. An indicating shutoff valve shall be installed in an accessible location between the sprinklers and the connection to the domestic water supply.
466.7 Detection and alarm systems. Day care occupancies shall be provided with a fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907 and this section.
Exception: Day care occupancies housed in one room.
466.7.1 Initiation of the required fire alarm system shall be by manual means and by operation of any required smoke detectors and required sprinkler systems.
466.7.1.1 Occupant notification signals shall be audible and visual signals in accordance with NFPA 72 and Florida Building Code, Accessibility. The general evacuation alarm signal shall operate throughout the entire building.
Exceptions:
1. Where total evacuation of occupants is impractical because of building configuration, only the occupants in the affected zones shall be initially notified. Provisions shall be made to selectively notify occupants in other zones to afford orderly evacuation of the entire building.
2. Where occupants are incapable of evacuating themselves because of age, physical or mental disability or physical restraint, the private operating mode as described in NFPA 72 shall be permitted to be used. Only the attendants and other personnel required to evacuate occupants from a zone, area, floor, or building shall be required to be notified. This notification shall include means to readily identify the zone, area, floor or building in need of evacuation.
466.7.1.2 Fire department notification. The fire alarm system shall be arranged to transmit the alarm automatically to the fire department in accordance with NFPA 72 by means of one of the following methods as approved by the building official:
1. An auxiliary alarm system, or
2. A central station connection, or
3. A proprietary system, or
4. A remote station connection.
Exception: Where none of the above means of notification is available, a plan for notification of the fire department, acceptable to the building official, shall be provided.
466.7.2 Detection. A smoke detection system shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 72, with placement of detectors in each story in front of doors to the stairways and in the corridors of all floors occupied by the day care occupancy. Detectors also shall be installed in lounges, recreation areas and sleeping rooms in the day care occupancy.
Exception: Day care occupancies housed in one room.
466.8 Corridors. Every interior corridor shall be constructed of walls having not less than a 1-hour fire-resistance rating.
Exceptions:
1. In buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Sections 901.6 and 903.3.1.1 corridor walls shall not be required to be rated, provided that such walls form smoke partitions in accordance with Section 710.
2. Where the corridor ceiling is an assembly having an 1-hour fire-resistance rating where tested as a wall, the corridor walls shall be permitted to terminate at the corridor ceiling.
3. Lavatories in unsprinklered buildings shall not be required to be separated from corridors, provided that they are separated from all other spaces by walls having not less than a 1-hour fire-resistance rating in accordance with Section 709.
4. Lavatories shall not be required to be separated from corridors, provided the building is protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Sections 901.6 and 903.3.1.1.
466.9 Flexible plan and open plan buildings. Flexible plan and open plan buildings shall comply with the requirements of this chapter as modified as follows:
466.9.1 Each room occupied by more than 300 persons shall have two or more means of egress entering into separate atmospheres. Where three or more means of egress are required, not more than two of them shall enter into a common atmosphere.
466.9.2 Flexible plan buildings shall be evaluated while all folding walls are extended and in use as well as when they are in the retracted position.
466.10 Day care
homes.
466.10.1 This section establishes life safety requirements for day care homes in which more than three but not more than 12 clients receive care, maintenance and supervision by other than their relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than 24 hours per day.
Exception: Facilities that supervise clients on a temporary basis with a parent or guardian in close proximity.
466.10.2 Definitions. For definitions, see Chapter 2.
466.10.3 Places of religious worship shall not be required to meet the provisions of this section in order to operate a nursery while services are being held in the building.
466.10.4 Occupancies that include part-day preschools, kindergartens and other schools whose purpose is primarily educational even though the children are of preschool age shall comply with the provisions for Group E occupancy.
466.10.5 Smoke detection systems.
466.10.5.1 Single-station smoke alarms installed in accordance with the household fire warning equipment requirements of Chapter 2 of NFPA 72 shall be installed within day care homes.
Exception: System smoke detectors installed in accordance with NFPA 72 and arranged to function in the same manner shall be permitted.
466.10.5.2 Where the day care home is located within a building of another occupancy, any corridors serving the day care home shall be provided with a complete smoke detection system installed in accordance with NFPA 72.
466.10.5.3 Single-station smoke alarms shall be powered by the building electrical system.
466.10.5.4 Single-station smoke alarms shall be provided in all rooms used for sleeping.
466.10.5.5 Where two or more smoke alarms are required within a living unit, suite of rooms, or similar area, they shall be arranged so that operation of any smoke alarm shall cause all smoke alarms within the living unit, suite of rooms or similar area to sound.
466.10.5.5.1 The alarms shall sound only within an individual living unit, suite of rooms or similar area and shall not actuate the building fire alarm system. Remote annunciation shall be permitted.
Section 467 Hospice Inpatient Facilities and Units and Hospice Residences. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 437 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 467
HOSPICE INPATIENT FACILITIES AND
UNITS AND HOSPICE RESIDENCES
467.1 Scope. All hospice inpatient facilities and units and residences shall comply with the following design and construction standards. Enforcement and interpretation of these provisions shall be by the state agency authorized by Section 553.73, Florida Statutes.
Note: Other administrative and programmatic provisions may apply. See Department of Elder Affairs (DOEA) Rule 58A-2, Florida Administrative Code, Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) Rule 59C-1, Florida Administrative Code, and Chapter 400 Part VI, Florida Statutes.
467.2 Physical plant requirements (inpatient facility and unit).
467.2.1 As used in this rule, "inpatient facility and unit" means the location where inpatient services are provided to hospice patients that are in need of hospice inpatient care.
467.2.2 Codes and standards.
467.2.2.1 All new inpatient units and facilities, and additions or renovations to existing units and facilities shall be in compliance with the requirements for:
1. Institutional Occupancy - Group I-2, as described in Section 308.3 of this code; and
2. The National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 101, Chapter 18, New Health Care Occupancy, as described in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C., Standards of the National Fire Protection Association and incorporated by reference in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C.
467.2.2.2 Inpatient sleeping rooms shall be made accessible in
accordance with the requirements of the Florida
Building Code, Accessibility Section
11-6.1(1).
467.2.2.3 In renovations and additions to existing facilities, only that portion of the total facility affected by the project must comply with applicable sections of the codes for new facilities and units.
467.2.2.4 Existing portions of the facility that are not included in the renovation or addition but are essential to the functioning of the complete facility, as well as existing areas which receive less than substantial amounts of new work, shall comply with the applicable sections of the codes for existing inpatient facilities and units.
467.2.2.5 All existing inpatient facilities and units licensed by the Agency for Health Care Administration shall be in compliance with National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 101, Chapter 19, Existing Health Care Occupancy, and incorporated by reference in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C.
467.2.3 Construction requirements. The following shall be provided in each inpatient facility and unit:
467.2.3.1 Each patient sleeping room shall have a minimum room area exclusive of toilet room, or permanently attached or built in closets, lockers or wardrobes, of 100 square feet (9.29 m2) per bed for private rooms and 80 square feet (7.70 m2) per bed for double occupancy rooms.
467.2.3.2 Each patient sleeping room shall have a window or door with a clear glass light in compliance with Section 1205.2 of the Florida Building Code. The window or door shall open directly to an atrium or to the outside of the building with a minimum of 20 feet (6.10 m) in clear and unobstructed vista measured perpendicularly from the window or door.
467.2.3.3 Each patient sleeping room shall have a wardrobe, locker or closet suitable for hanging clothing of the patient.
467.2.3.4 Other than a patient sleeping room located in a hospital or nursing home, each patient sleeping room shall have access to a toilet room without having to enter the general corridor area. One toilet room shall serve no more than four beds and no more than two resident rooms. The door shall be side hinged, swing out from the toilet room, and unless otherwise required by this code, be at least 32 inches (813 mm) wide. The toilet room shall contain a water closet with grab bars on both sides and an emergency nurse call station. The water closet shall be equipped with a bedpan-rinsing device.
467.2.3.5 A hand washing facility shall be provided within each patient toilet room or within each patient bedroom.
467.2.3.6 A nurses' station, clean workroom and soiled workroom shall be provided. Access to these rooms shall be from a corridor or ante room.
467.2.3.7 A charting space for clinical staff shall be provided at each nurses' station.
467.2.3.8 A hand washing facility shall be located in or near each nurses' station.
467.2.3.9 The clean workroom shall be provided with a work counter, hand wash facility, storage facilities and covered waste receptacle.
467.2.3.10 The soiled workroom shall be provided with a service sink equipped with rinsing device, work counter, a hand-washing facility, storage facilities, covered waste receptacle and covered linen receptacle.
467.2.3.11 A drug distribution system shall be provided with provisions for the locked storage of medications. Nothing in this section shall prohibit the use of the clean workroom for drug distribution.
467.2.3.12 A clean linen storage room or closet shall be provided.
467.2.3.13 A nourishment station with equipment for preparing or serving nourishments between scheduled meals shall be provided and shall be available for patient, family, volunteers, guests and staff use. Provisions shall be made for the use and storage of small appliances such as coffee makers or toasters. A minimum of two duplex receptacles connected to a small appliance circuit shall be provided.
467.2.3.14 A nurse calling system accessible by the patient shall be provided.
467.2.3.15 Storage for administrative supplies shall be provided.
467.2.3.16 Parking for stretchers and wheelchairs in an area out of the path of normal traffic and of adequate size for the unit shall be provided.
467.2.3.17 A janitor's closet with a floor drain and storage space for housekeeping equipment and supplies shall be provided.
467.2.3.18 A multipurpose lounge suitable and furnished for reception, recreation, dining, visitation, group social activities and worship shall be provided.
467.2.3.19 A conference or consultation room for patient and family use shall be provided.
467.2.3.20 A washer and dryer for patients' personal use shall be provided.
467.2.4 Details.
467.2.4.1 Fixtures, such as drinking fountains, public telephone, vending machines and portable equipment, shall not be located or stored so as to restrict corridor traffic or reduce the minimum required corridor width.
467.2.4.2 Doors to patient tub rooms, showers and water closets that swing into the room shall be equipped with reversible hardware that will allow the door to swing out in an emergency.
467.2.4.3 Doors, except those to closets or spaces not subject to occupancy, shall not swing into the exit access corridors.
467.2.4.4 Windows and outer doors, if used for ventilation, shall be equipped with insect screens.
467.2.4.5 Interior thresholds and expansion joint covers shall be made flush with the floor surface.
467.2.4.6 Grab bars shall be provided at all patient toilets, showers, and tubs. The bars shall have a clearance of 1 ½ inches (38 mm) to the walls and shall be sufficiently anchored to sustain a concentrated applied load of not less than 250 pounds (113 kg).
467.2.4.7 Single paper towel dispensers, soap dispensers and covered waste receptacles shall be provided at all hand washing facilities.
467.2.4.8 Staff hand washing facilities shall be fitted with wrist blades and a gooseneck type spout.
467.2.4.9 All hand washing facilities shall be securely anchored to withstand an applied vertical load of not less than two hundred and fifty pounds on the front of the fixture.
467.2.5 Elevators. In new multistory units and facilities an elevator shall be provided in compliance with the requirements of Chapter 30 of the Florida Building Code, Building. In addition, a hospital-type elevator large enough to accommodate a bed and attending staff shall service all patient sleeping rooms and patient treatment areas located above the ground floor. The car shall be at least 5 feet 8 inches (1.73 m) wide by 9 feet (2.74 m) deep and the car doors shall have a clear opening of not less than4 feet (1.22 m) wide and 7 feet (2.13 m) high.
467.2.6 Mechanical system requirements.
467.2.6.1 Air conditioning, heating and ventilating systems.
1. All patient occupied areas shall be heated or cooled by individual or central units. Heating units shall be designed to provide a minimum of 72°F (22.22°C) ambient indoor temperature and air conditioning units shall be designed to provide a minimum of 78°F (25.55°C) ambient indoor temperature.
2. All air-supply and air-exhaust systems shall be mechanically operated. Fans serving exhaust systems shall be located at the discharge end of the system.
467.2.6.1.1 Carbon monoxide detector. See Section 916.1.
467.2.6.2 Plumbing and other piping systems. Water distribution systems shall be arranged to provide hot water at each hot water outlet at all times. Hot water at shower, bathing, and hand washing facilities for patients' personal use shall not exceed 110°F (43.3°C).
467.2.7 Electrical system requirements.
467.2.7.1 Lighting.
1. All spaces occupied by people, machinery, and equipment within the building, approaches to building, and parking areas shall have electric lighting.
2. All patients' rooms shall have general lighting and night lighting. General room luminaries shall be switched at the entrance to the patient room.
467.2.7.2 Receptacles. All patient rooms shall have hospital grade duplex grounding type receptacles.
467.2.8 Emergency electrical system.
467.2.8.1 A Type III
essential electrical system shall be provided in all hospice facilities as
described in National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 99,
"Health Care Facilities", and incorporated by reference in Rule
69A-3.012, F.A.C. The emergency power for this system shall meet the
requirements of a Level II, type 10, Class 48 generator as described in
National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 110, "Emergency
Standby Power Systems", and incorporated by reference in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C. [4418]
467.2.8.2 In new construction, the normal main service equipment shall be separated from the emergency distribution equipment by locating it in a separate room. Transfer switches shall be considered emergency distribution equipment for this purpose.
467.2.8.3 Switches for critical branch lighting shall be completely separate from normal switching. The devices or cover plates shall be of a distinctive color. Critical branch switches are permitted to be adjacent to normal switches. Switches for life safety lighting are not permitted except as required for dusk-to-dawn automatic control of exterior lighting fixtures.
467.2.8.4 There shall be selected life safety lighting provided at a minimum of 1 footcandle and designed for automatic dusk-to-dawn operation along the travel paths from the exits to the public way or to safe areas located a minimum of 30 feet (9.14 m) from the building.
467.2.8.5 A minimum of one elevator per bank serving any patient use floor shall be connected to the equipment branch of the essential electric system and arranged for manual or automatic operation during loss of normal power. Elevator cab lighting, controls, and communication and signal systems shall be connected to the life safety branch.
467.2.8.6 There shall be a dedicated low-fuel alarm for the day tank supplying the emergency generator driver. A manual pump shall also be provided for the day tank. The alarm shall be located at the generator derangement panel.
467.2.8.7 Transfer switch contacts shall be of the open type and shall be accessible for inspection and replacement.
467.2.8.8 If required by the facility's emergency food plan, there shall be power connected to the equipment branch of the essential electrical system for kitchen refrigerators, freezers and range hood exhaust fans. Selected lighting within the kitchen and dry storage areas shall be connected to the critical branch of the essential electrical system.
467.3 Residential
units.
467.3.1 Residential units shall comply with the Florida Building Code and the National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 101 as adopted by the Florida Fire Prevention Code.
467.3.2 Residential units shall comply with the following codes and standards:
467.3.2.1 All new facilities and additions and renovations to existing facilities shall be in compliance with:
1. Section 310.1 of this code for Group R-4 occupancy;
2. The National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 101, Chapter 32, Residential Board and Care Occupancy and incorporated by reference in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C., and
3. The
Florida
Building Code, Accessibility.
[SP4697]
467.3.2.2 All existing facilities shall comply with National Fire Protection Association Life Safety Code 101, Chapter 33, Residential Board and Care Occupancy and incorporated by reference in Rule 69A-3.012, F.A.C.
Section 468 Schools, Colleges and Universities. Add Florida specific requirements from Section 443 of the 2010 Florida Building Code, Building.
SECTION 468
SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES
468.1 Scope: Florida’s public and private schools, colleges, and universities shall comply with all applicable requirements of the code and the following standards. These are minimum standards; boards or owners may impose more restrictive requirements. Additional requirements for public educational facilities in Florida, including public schools and Florida’s colleges, are found in Section 453, State Requirements for Educational Facilities.
468.2 Sites
468.2.1 Drainage. Soil, grass, and planting beds shall provide positive drainage away from sidewalks, but shall not fall away at more than a 3-percent gradient slope for a minimum distance of 5 feet (1524 mm) from the edge.
468.2.2 Playgrounds and Equipment. Playgrounds and equipment shall be safe, structurally sound, verminproof, and shall not have jagged or sharp projections. Playground equipment shall be anchored to suitable foundations to prevent toppling or dislodgement. Cushioning materials such as mats, wood chips, or sand shall be used under climbing equipment, slides, and swings.
468.2.3 Outdoor waste containers. A smooth nonabsorbent surface shall be provided for outdoor waste containers.
468.3 Building Construction
468.3.1 Rodent proofing. Buildings for Group E occupancies shall be rodent proofed per Appendix F, Rodentproofing.
468.3.2 Glare from natural light. Sources of natural light in instructional spaces shall be glazed with glare reducing materials or shall be shielded to prevent glare that can interfere with seeing task within the instructional space.
468.3.3 Automated external defibrillator. Automated external defibrillators shall be provided in public educational facilities that are a member of the Florida High School Athletic Association.
468.3.4 Diaper changing stations. A diaper changing station shall be located in or adjacent to any classroom where children wearing diapers are in attendance. A hand washing lavatory shall be provided within the changing station area. Access shall be provided to the lavatory without opening doors or touching a handle.
468.3.5 Plumbing
468.3.5.1 Standards. Educational and ancillary facilities shall be provided with toilets, hand washing facilities, and drinking fountains for all occupants, in ratios and accessible as required by the Florida Building Code, Florida law, and federal requirements.
Exception: A single unisex toilet room is allowed where provided in child care, pre-kindergarten through grade 3 and ESE classrooms.
468.3.5.2 Teacher toilets. Faculty and staff toilets shall be separate from student toilets.
Exception: Separation of faculty/staff and student toilet facilities is not required for colleges and universities.
468.3.5.3 Toilet room access.
468.3.5.3.1 Toilet facilities for Pre-K through Grade 12 shall be accessible under continuous roof cover from all student occupied spaces.
Exception: Relocatable classrooms installed for temporary use.
468.3.5.3.2 Access to group toilet rooms. Access to student group toilet rooms shall not be through an occupied space, storage space, or equipment space.
468.3.5.4 Shielding device. The entry to each group toilet room shall be provided with a door, partition, or other shielding device to block from view the occupants in the toilet room. If a door is provided, it shall have a closer and shall swing out in the direction of egress.
468.3.5.5 Walls. Walls in toilet rooms shall be impervious to a height of at least 4 feet (1219 mm) above the floor. Walls in kitchens, scullerys, can wash areas, and shower rooms shall be impervious to a height of at least 6 feet (1829 mm) above the floor. Toilet and shower partitions shall be impervious.
468.3.5.6 Floor drains and hose bibbs. All group toilet rooms shall be provided with at least one floor drain and one easily accessible hose bibb. The floor shall be sloped down to the drain.
468.3.5.7 Handwashing facilities.
468.3.5.7.1 Handwashing facilities shall be located within or adjoining each toilet room.
468.3.5.7.2 Soap dispensers for liquid, foam, or powdered soap shall be provided at all handwashing basins.
468.3.5.7.3 Individual towel dispensers or hot-air hand drying devices shall be provided near handwashing basins.
468.3.5.8 Showers
468.3.5.8.1 Shower heads shall be based on the peak load to be accommodated at one time and provided at the ratio of one shower head for each five students, located a minimum of 30 inches (762 mm) apart.
468.3.5.8.2 Floors shall be drained in such a manner that waste water from any shower head will not pass over areas occupied by other bathers.
468.3.5.8.3 Water shall be heated and the temperature at the shower head shall not exceed 110°F (43°C) nor be less than 95°F (35°C).
468.3.6 Mechanical
468.3.6.1 Natural ventilation. Natural ventilation shall not be provided in toilet rooms, shower rooms, lockers rooms, and storage rooms for athletic equipment or soiled clothes.
468.3.6.2 Fans and blowers. Fans and blowers shall be sized and designed to provide the required air movement without excessive or disturbing noise that would interfere with the educational program provided in the space being ventilated.
468.3.6.3 Kilns. Kiln rooms and areas shall be provided with adequate exhaust to dispel emitted heat to the exterior, and they shall not be connected to any other exhaust system.
468.3.6.4 Chemistry laboratories and science classrooms. HVAC systems in chemistry labs and science classrooms shall be designed and installed to ensure that chemicals originating from the space are not recirculated.
Exception: A high capacity emergency exhaust system providing twenty (20) air changes per hour may be used in chemistry laboratories and science classrooms with fume hoods. Positive ventilation may be provided via doors or windows opening to the exterior. Signs providing operational instructions shall be permanently installed at the emergency exhaust system fan switch and adjacent to the door(s) or window(s) to be opened.
468.3.6.5 Chemical storage. Rooms used for the storage, handling, and disposal of chemicals used in school, college, and university laboratories shall be vented to the exterior. The ventilation system shall not be connected to the air-conditioning return air system, and the rooms shall be kept at moderate temperatures. Chemical storage cabinets, when vented to the exterior, shall be mechanically vented in accordance with NFPA 30 and NFPA 91.
468.3.7 Lighting.
468.3.7.1 Illumination level in classrooms/instructional spaces. Illumination at the normal task level for the type of classroom/instruction space shall be a minimum of forty (40) foot-candles (400 Lux).
468.3.7.2 Illumination uniformity in classrooms/instruction spaces. Luminaries shall have a ceiling arrangement or positioned around the walls such that a uniformed illumination level, within ten (10) foot-candles (100 Lux), is maintained at the students required normal task level for the type of classroom/instruction space.
468.3.7.3 Brightness Ratio in classrooms/instructional spaces. The brightness ratio between the student task level and the instruction area or areas or visual display location shall be one (1) to five (5) or less.
468.3.7.4 Illumination failure of general and means of egress luminaries. Illumination systems shall be designed and maintained so that the failure of any single lighting unit, such as an electric luminary, does not leave any occupied space or means of egress in the dark. (See FBC 1006 for additional means of egress requirements.)
468.3.7.5 Glare elimination. Illumination of permanently installed markerboards, chalkboards, and other instruction aids shall be designed to eliminate glare and shadows.
[SP4764]